Ingabe unomdlavuza wendlala yakho ye-adrenal? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu (i-Adrenocortical Carcinoma)!

Ingabe uzwa ubuhlungu besisu noma ukukhuluphala ngokuzumayo? Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungabangelwa yisimo esingakhulumi kakhulu ngaso, kodwa kubalulekile ukusazi. Yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Adrenocortical Carcinoma . Ungakhathazeki, igama lingase lizwakale liyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa masiligcine lilula.

Kuyini i-Adrenocortical Carcinoma?

Kalula nje, i-adrenocortical carcinoma umdlavuza okhula engxenyeni engaphandle yezindlala zakho ze-adrenal , i-adrenal cortex . Cabanga ngalezi zindlala njengezigqoko ezimbili ezincane phezu kwezinso zakho. Zibaluleke kakhulu ngoba zikhiqiza ama-hormone alawula izinto eziningi emzimbeni wethu, okuhlanganisa nokusetshenziswa kwethu kwe-metabolism , umfutho wegazi, kanye nendlela esisabela ngayo ekucindezelekeni.

Manje, kulesi simo se-adrenocortical carcinoma, izimila ezinomdlavuza ziyakhula kulezi zindlala ze-adrenal. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zimila zingakhiqiza inani elingavamile lama-hormone. Bese ama-hormone emzimbeni anda kakhulu, okungathinta ukusebenza kwemizimba yethu. Amanye ama-tumors angakhula ngokushesha kakhulu futhi angabeka ingcindezi kwezinye izitho ezizungezile. Nakuba odokotela ngezinye izikhathi bengase baphathe lesi simo, ngezinye izikhathi lesi sifo singaphinde sibuye.

Nakuba lesi simo sivame kakhulu kubantu abadala, ngezinye izikhathi singakhula ezinganeni ezincane. Kodwa-ke, kulesi sihloko, sizogxila kakhulu ku-carcinoma ye-adrenocortical, ethinta abantu abadala.

Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo ze-adrenocortical carcinoma?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko. Izimpawu zalezi zinhlobo ezimbili nazo zihlukile komunye nomunye.

1. Izimila ezisebenzayo: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Lezi zimila zikhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi njenge -aldosterone , i-cortisol , i-estrogen, ne -testosterone kunalokho okufanele. Ngakho-ke, izimpawu zincike ohlotsheni lwe-hormone ekhiqizwa ngokweqile.

2. Izimila ezingasebenzi: Lezi zimila azithinti ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni. Kodwa-ke, zingakhula zibe zinkulu futhi zicindezele izitho nezicubu ezizungezile, okubangela ukungakhululeki.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Eqinisweni, lo mdlavuza ungavamile kakhulu . Nakuba kuwuhlobo lomdlavuza oluvame kakhulu oluvela ezindlaleni ze-adrenal, awuvamile kakhulu jikelele. Cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabayisigidi utholakala enalesi sifo minyaka yonke. Ngakho-ke ungakhathazeki ngegama.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-adrenocortical carcinoma?

Kuyamangalisa ukuthi abanye abantu banalo mdlavuza kodwa abanazo izimpawu.Akuveli. Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi phakathi kuka-20% no-30% walaba ziguli batholakala benesimo esithile ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesithombe.

Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela izimpawu, ungase ubone izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Ubuhlungu besisu noma ukungakhululeki.
• Ukukhula kwezinwele okungavamile ebusweni noma emzimbeni wabesifazane (i-hirsutism). Kungazwakala sengathi intshebe yendoda iyakhula.
• Amabele amakhulu emadodeni (i-Gynecomastia).
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu.
• Ushukela ophezulu egazini.
• Ukukhuluphala, ikakhulukazi ebusweni, entanyeni nasesiqwini. Kunjengokungathi othile ukhule ngokuzumayo.

I-carcinoma ye-adrenocortical inolaka kangakanani?

Lona umdlavuza onzima kakhulu . Lokhu kusho ukuthi isimila singakhula ngokushesha kakhulu futhi sisakazeke (sisakazeke) ngaphandle kwendlala ye-adrenal siye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, njengamaphaphu namathambo. Uma sesisakazekile, kuba nzima nakakhulu ukuselapha.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-adrenocortical carcinoma?

Abacwaningi abakayitholi imbangela eqondile . Abanye abantu bahlakulela lesi simo ngenxa yezimo ezithile zofuzo ezidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma othile emndenini enalesi simo, abanye basengozini enkulu yokuba naso.

Kwezinye izimo, izinguquko ezithile zofuzo zibonakala zandisa ingozi. Isibonelo, ucwaningo luthole ukuthi izinguquko ku -tumor suppressor genes (TP53) kanye ne-(IGF2) zingaholela kulo mdlavuza. Kalula nje, i-tumor suppressor genes yi-genes elawula ukukhula kwamaseli ethu. Uma kukhona ushintsho ku-tumor genes, amaseli angahlukana futhi aphindaphindeke ngendlela engalawuleki futhi abe umdlavuza.

Yiziphi izimo zofuzo ezandisa ingozi yami?

Usengozini enkulu yokuthola i-adrenocortical carcinoma uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo zofuzo:

• I-Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
• I-Carney complex
• I-Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)
• I-Li-Fraumeni syndrome
• I-Lynch syndrome
• I-Multiple endocrine neoplasia uhlobo 1 (MEN1)
• Uhlobo 1 lwe-Neurofibromatosis (NF1)
• I-Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome (i-VHL syndrome)

Uma kukhona emndenini wakho onalezi zimo, kuwumqondo omuhle ukukhuluma nodokotela futhi ufunde ngokuhlolwa kofuzo.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-adrenocortical carcinoma?

Lo mdlavuza usakazeka ngokushesha kakhulu.Yebo. Kungaba nzima kakhulu ukwelapha uma kusakazeka ngaphandle kwendlala ye-adrenal. Futhi, ezinye izimila ezikhiqiza ama-hormone zingabangela izimo ezifana nalezi:

• I-Cushing's syndrome: Lokhu kubangelwa yizindlala ze-adrenal ezikhiqiza i-cortisol eningi kakhulu. Izimpawu zifaka phakathi ubuso obuvuvukile nomzimba ovuvukile.
• I-Conn's syndrome: Lesi simo sibangelwa ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-hormone i-aldosterone. Singabangela izinto ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.

Itholakala kanjani i-adrenocortical carcinoma? (Ukuxilongwa)

Uma kutholakala ukuthi unesimila se-adrenal ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesinye isimo, noma uma unezimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla, udokotela wakho uzokwenza izivivinyo ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: Ukuhlolwa okufana ne-MRI scan, i-CT scan, noma i-PET scan ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini izimila.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nokuhlolwa komchamo: Hlola amazinga akho ama-hormone.
• I-Biopsy: Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isimila sinomdlavuza noma cha kanye nokuthola amasampula ezicubu.

Yiziphi izigaba ze-adrenocortical carcinoma?

Odokotela basebenzisa ukulinganisa umdlavuza ukuhlela ukwelashwa nokunquma ukuthi yini okufanele bayilindele ngemva kokwelashwa (ukubikezela). Isigaba se-adrenocortical carcinoma sinqunywa ngobukhulu besimila, indawo yaso, nokuthi ngabe sisakazekele yini kuma-lymph node aseduze noma ezithweni ezikude.

Nazi izigaba eziyinhloko:

• Isigaba I: Isimila singamasentimitha angu-5 (cishe amasentimitha amabili) noma ngaphansi. Asisakazekanga ngaphandle kwendlala ye-adrenal.
• Isigaba II: Isimila sikhulu ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angu-5, kodwa asikasabalali ngale kwendlala ye-adrenal.
• Isigaba sesi-3: Isimila sesisabalale kuma-lymph node aseduze.
• Isigaba IV: Isimila sesisabalale kuma-lymph node aseduze, ezithweni eziseduze, noma ezithweni ezikude.

Ulwazi mayelana nesigaba somdlavuza ngezinye izikhathi lungabonakala ludida. Ngakho-ke ungalokothi unqikaze ukubuza udokotela wakho ukuze akucacisele. Futhi, buza ukuthi lokhu kuthinta kanjani isimo sakho.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-adrenocortical carcinoma?

Ukwelashwa okuvame kakhulu ukuhlinzwa kwe-adrenalectomy , okuhilela ukususwa kwendlala eyodwa noma zombili i-adrenal ngokuhlinzwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, odokotela bavame ukunikeza imithi efana nalokhu:

• I-Mitotane (Mitotane (Lysodren®)):Lo muthi usebenza ngokunciphisa ukusebenza kwezindlala ze-adrenal. Lokhu kunganciphisa ingozi yokubuya komdlavuza. Lo muthi usetshenziswa ngemva kokuba indlala eyodwa ye-adrenal isusiwe, noma lapho ukuhlinzwa kungenzeki. Ngenxa yokuthi lo muthi uyekisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone, abantu abawuthathayo kufanele baphuze namaphilisi ama-hormone.
• I-Metyrapone (i-Metopirone®): Lolu hlobo lomuthi lungase lunikezwe ukunciphisa izimpawu ezibangelwa ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone amaningi ngama-ovari.

Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, isimila singase sibe sikhulu kakhulu ukuba singasuswa ngokuhlinzwa ngokuphepha lapho isifo sitholakala. Ezimweni ezinjalo, odokotela bangase basebenzise i-chemotherapy . Nakuba lokhu kwelashwa kungenakukuqeda ngokuphelele isimila somdlavuza, kunganciphisa izimpawu futhi kunciphise ukukhula kwesimila.

Ungase futhi uthande ukucabangela ukunakekelwa kokunciphisa ubuhlungu njengengxenye yokwelashwa kwakho. Ukunakekelwa kokunciphisa ubuhlungu kuyindlela yokwelapha esiza ekuphatheni izimpawu nemiphumela emibi yokwelashwa. Ochwepheshe bokunakekelwa kokunciphisa ubuhlungu bangakunikeza nokusekelwa kwengqondo nangokomzwelo.

Yiziphi izinkinga noma imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?

Ukuhlinzwa kanye nemithi kungabangela izinkinga ezahlukahlukene noma imiphumela emibi. Isibonelo, ukuhlinzwa kokususa i-adrenal gland kungabangela izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Imiphumela ekukhiqizweni kwama-hormone: Ngokuvamile, i-adrenal gland esele ithatha umsebenzi we-gland esusiwe futhi ikhiqize ama-hormone anele. Kodwa-ke, uma lokhu kungenzeki, kungadingeka ukuthi uthathe amaphilisi engeziwe ama-hormone kuze kube yilapho i-gland esele ikhiqiza ama-hormone kahle. Lesi simo sibizwa nangokuthi ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-adrenal .
• Ukutheleleka: Ukutheleleka kungenzeka esiswini noma endaweni yokuhlinzwa.
• Ukopha ngokweqile: Lokhu kungenzeka ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Yiziphi izinkinga noma imiphumela emibi yomuthi?

Udokotela wakho angancoma ukuthi uthathe i-mitotane iminyaka emibili kuya kwemihlanu ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Imiphumela emibi ye-mitotane ingafaka:

• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• Uhudo
• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba
• Ukudideka

Zingakanani amazinga okusinda kwe-adrenocortical carcinoma?

Sekukonke, ama-50% abantu abane-adrenocortical carcinoma bayaphila eminyakeni emihlanu ngemva kokuxilongwa. Kodwa-ke, leli zinga lokusinda lincike ezintweni eziningi. Isibonelo:

• Isigaba somdlavuza ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa.
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimila siyasebenza (sikhiqiza ama-hormone) noma asisebenzi.
• iminyaka yakho.
• Impilo yakho iyonke.

Izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu ngesigaba limi kanje:

• Isigaba I: 81%
• Isigaba II: 61%
• Isigaba III: 50%
• Isigaba IV: 13%

Lezi zibalo zingakwenza uzizwe wesaba futhi ukhathazekile. Lokho kuvamile. Kodwa khumbula, lezi zibalo zisekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwangaphambilini. Ochwepheshe balinganisa lawa mazinga okusinda njalo eminyakeni emihlanu. Kuningi okungashintsha eminyakeni emihlanu, futhi lezo zinguquko zingathinta imiphumela. Futhi, khumbula ukuthi lawa mazinga okusinda awasho ukuthi uzophila isikhathi esingakanani.

Uma unemibuzo ethile mayelana namazinga okusinda komdlavuza, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Ungumthombo wakho ongcono kakhulu, njengoba esazi kangcono isimo sakho.

Ingabe i-adrenocortical carcinoma ingavinjelwa?

Cha, akugwemeki ngempela. Abacwaningi bayazi ukuthi cishe ingxenye ye-adrenocortical carcinomas ibangelwa izinguquko ezakhiweni ezithile zofuzo ezibangela ukuba amangqamuzana omdlavuza ande futhi akhe izimila. Kodwa-ke, abakazi ukuthi yini ebangela lezi zinguquko. Ngakho-ke, abakwazi ukuncoma izindlela zokuzivimbela ukuthi zingenzeki.

Kodwa-ke, ezinye izimo zofuzo zandisa ingozi yokuthola lesi sifo. Uma unomlando womndeni walezi zimo, kungumqondo omuhle ukukhuluma nodokotela futhi ufunde ngokuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo okungabona izinguquko zofuzo ezibangela lezi zimo.

Ngizinakekela kanjani mina? (Ngizinakekela kanjani mina?)

I-Adrenocortical carcinoma ingumdlavuza ongavamile, ovame ukuvela njalo. Lezi zinselele ezimbili zingakwenza uzizwe wesaba, unesizungu, futhi ukhathazekile. Ngenhlanhla, kunezinyathelo ezithile ongazithatha ukusiza:

• Thola ukwesekwa: Buza ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ngamaqembu okusekela abantu abane-adrenocortical carcinoma. Ukuchitha isikhathi nokukhuluma nabantu abadlula ezintweni ezifanayo nawe odlula kuzo kungaba usizo.
• Cabanga ngezinhlelo zokusinda komdlavuza: Abantu abaningi abane-adrenocortical carcinoma besaba ukuthi umdlavuza uzobuya. Izinhlelo zokusinda komdlavuza zingenye yezinsiza zokusiza ukubhekana nalolo kukhathazeka.
• Qhubeka nokunakekelwa kokunciphisa ubuhlungu: Uma une-chemotherapy ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, ungadinga usizo lokulawula imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

I-Adrenocortical carcinoma ivame ukuphinda ivele, ikakhulukazi phakathi neminyaka emibili yokuqala ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Udokotela wakho uzohlela ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela ukuze aqaphe izimpawu zesifo esibuyayo. Isibonelo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: Njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu iminyaka emibili, bese kuba njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha eminye iminyaka emithathu.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo ukuhlola amazinga ama-hormone.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

I-Adrenocortical carcinoma iyisifo esingavamile. Ungase ube nemibuzo eminingi mayelana nokuthi yini ongayilindela. Nansi eminye imibuzo esicabanga ukuthi ungayithola iwusizo:

• Kusho ukuthini uma isimila sisebenza noma singasebenzi?
• Ingabe isimila sesisakazeke ngaphandle kwendlala yami ye-adrenal? Uma kunjalo, kuze kube nini?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha enginazo?
• Iyini imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?
• Ingabe kufanele ngithole ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo ukuze ngithole izinguquko zezakhi zofuzo ezibangela umdlavuza we-adrenocortical emndenini wami?
• Uma ukwelashwa kuphumelele, angakanani amathuba okuthi isimila sibuye?

I-Adrenocortical carcinoma ingumdlavuza ongavamile futhi onolaka othinta i-adrenal gland yakho. Ingase ingabangeli zimpawu, futhi abantu abaningi batholakala benesifo esihluke ngokuphelele ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Ungase ukhathazeke futhi wesabe ngokuxilongwa kwakho kanye nezindaba zokuthi i-adrenocortical carcinoma yakho ingase ibuye ngemva kokwelashwa.

Uma uzizwa ukhungathekile ngalesi simo, zinike isikhathi osidingayo ukuze uqonde ukuthi kwenzekani. Ungalokothi unqikaze ukubuza imibuzo mayelana nokwelashwa nokuthi kuzokuthinta kanjani. Odokotela bakho bazoqonda ukuthi kungani unezimpendulo ezithile. Bazoba lapho ukuze baphendule imibuzo yakho, kusukela ekuxilongweni, ngokwelashwa, kanye neminyaka yokulandelela.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Nakuba i-adrenocortical carcinoma iyisimo esibucayi, kubalulekile ukuqaphela, ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha esifanele, nokufuna ukwesekwa.

• Lona umdlavuza ongavamile: ngakho ungadikibali yileli gama.
• Qaphela izimpawu: Qaphela izinto ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwesisu, ukukhuluphala okungavamile, kanye nezinguquko zamahomoni.
• Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha: Uma ungabaza, bona udokotela bese uhlolwa.
• Kunezindlela zokwelapha: ukuhlinzwa, imithi, i-chemotherapy, njll. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okukulungele.
• Ukusekelwa kwengqondo kubalulekile: Awuwedwa kulolu hambo. Khuluma nomndeni, abangani, kanye namaqembu okusekelana.

Khumbula, isiguli ngasinye sihlukile. Isimo sakho, ukwelashwa kwakho, kanye nohambo lwakho lokululama kuhlukile. Ungalokothi ulahle ithemba. Sebenzisana eduze nethimba lakho lezokwelapha futhi ubhekane nale nselele ngesimo sengqondo esihle.

I-carcinoma ye -Adrenocortical , umdlavuza we-adrenal, isimila se-adrenal gland, isimila esikhiqiza ama-hormone, i-cortisol, i-aldosterone, ukuhlinzwa kwe-adrenal, i-mitotane