Ingabe udokotela wakho ukunike umuthi womfutho wegazi ophakeme noma, uma uyindoda, wokukhulisa i-prostate? Uma kunjalo, kungenzeka ukuthi umuthi uwukuvimbela i-alpha. Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale liyinkimbinkimbi kancane, lo muthi uwuhlobo lwemithi esetshenziswa kabanzi ukusiza ukulawula izimo ezithile emzimbeni wethu. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalawa ma-alpha-blocker ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.
Lawa ma-alpha-blocker asebenza kanjani?
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, ake sicabange ngohlelo lokuxhumana lomzimba wethu. Uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa lufana nesevisi yeposi. Luthumela imiyalezo yamakhemikhali (esiyibiza ngokuthi "ama-Neurotransmitters") ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba wethu. Ukuze samukele le miyalezo, amangqamuzana ethu ane "ama-receptor" akhethekile. Kufana nesihluthulelo nokukhiya. Kuphela lapho umyalezo wamakhemikhali (isihluthulelo) ufika futhi ungena ku-receptor efanele (ukukhiya) lapho lelo seli lisebenza khona.
Ama-alpha-receptors awuhlobo lwe-receptor emzimbeni wethu. Atholakala kakhulu emithanjeni yethu yegazi nasezindaweni ezifana ne-prostate gland. Lapho la ma-alpha-receptors ethola umlayezo, lawo maseli aqala ukufinyela. Isibonelo, lapho ama-alpha-receptors emithanjeni yegazi esebenza, imithambo yegazi iyafinyela futhi umfutho wegazi uyakhuphuka.
Ngakho-ke, lokho okwenziwa yi-alpha-blocker kufana nokufaka ukhiye ongalungile kufudu bese uwuvimba. Lo muthi uyahamba unamathele kulawo ma-alpha-receptor bese uwavimbela ekutholeni umyalezo ofanele. Okusho ukuthi, 'uyawavimba' lawo ma-receptor. Khona-ke lawo maseli awanciphi, ayaphumula. Lapho amaseli emithanjeni yegazi ephumula, imithambo yegazi iyavuleka, futhi umfutho wegazi uyehla. Lapho imisipha e-prostate iphumula, kuba lula ukuchama. Yilokho okwenzekayo.
Izinhlobo zama-alpha-receptors nemisebenzi yawo
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-alpha-receptors: i-alpha-1 (A1) kanye ne-alpha-2 (A2). Zombili zinemisebenzi ehlukene kancane.
| Uhlobo Lokwamukela | Indawo kanye nemisebenzi eyinhloko |
|---|---|
| I-Alpha-1 (A1) receptor |
|
| I-Alpha-2 (A2) receptor |
|
Yiziphi izimo ezisetshenziswa ama-alpha-blockers?
Lolu hlobo lomuthi lusetshenziswa kakhulu ukwelapha izimo eziningana zezokwelapha.
1. Umfutho wegazi ophakeme (umfutho wegazi ophakeme)
Lokhu kuyindlela eyinhloko yokusebenzisa. Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, ama-alpha-blockers aphumuza imithambo yegazi futhi anciphise umfutho wegazi. Izidakamizwa ezifana ne-Doxazosin, i-Prazosin, ne-Terazosin zivame ukusetshenziswa ngale njongo.
2. I-Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
I-BPH yisimo esivame ukwenzeka kwabesilisa njengoba bekhula. Kulesi simo, indlala ye-prostate iyakhula futhi icindezele i-urethra, okubangela izinkinga ezifana nobunzima bokuchama kanye nokugcinwa komchamo. Ama-Alpha-blocker afana ne-Tamsulosin, i-Alfuzosin, ne-Silodosin aphumuza imisipha ye-prostate kanye nentamo yesinye, okwenza kube lula ukuthi umchamo ugeleze.
3. Okunye ukusetshenziswa (Ukusetshenziswa okungekho ku-label)
Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela, ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo kanye nobufakazi bezokwelapha, banikeza umuthi kwezinye izimo ngaphandle kwalowo ovunyelwe wona. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukusetshenziswa 'okungekho ku-label'.
- Amatshe Ezinso: Imithi efana neTamsulosin inikezwa ukusiza amatshe amancane anamathele emgudwini womchamo ukuthi adlule kalula.
- Isifo sokucindezeleka ngemva kwenhlekelele (amaphupho amabi ahlobene ne-PTSD): Umuthi i-Prazosin ngezinye izikhathi usetshenziselwa ukwelapha lesi simo.
- I-Pheochromocytoma: Lolu uhlobo lwesimila esikhula ezindlaleni ze-adrenal futhi sikhiqize ama-hormone amaningi kakhulu. Ama-alpha-blocker nawo anikezwa ukulawula umfutho wegazi ophakeme obangelwa yilezi zimila.
Yiziphi imiphumela emibi kanye nezingozi zama-alpha-blockers?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, ama-alpha-blocker angaba nemiphumela emibi. Yingakho odokotela beqaphela kakhulu lapho benikeza le mithi. Imiphumela emibi oyitholayo ingahluka kuye ngohlobo lomuthi owuthathayo.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu "umphumela womthamo wokuqala." Uma uthatha iphilisi lokuqala le-alpha-blocker, umfutho wegazi wakho ungehla ngokuzumayo kakhulu. Lokhu kungabangela isiyezi , ukubona okufiphele, kanye nomuzwa wokuwa lapho usukuma (i-orthostatic hypotension) . Ukuze unciphise le ngozi, udokotela wakho uvame ukukutshela ukuthi uthathe umuthi ngesikhathi sokulala bese uqala ngomthamo ophansi.
Nazi ezinye zemiphumela emibi evamile:
- Ukuzungeza noma ukubona okufiphele (ikakhulukazi uma umi)
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- Ukuzizwa ukhathele
- Ukuminyana kwekhala
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo (i-tachycardia)
- Imiphumela ekusebenzeni kocansi: Amanye amadoda angase abe nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-anejaculation. Akuvamile kakhulu, ukuvuka kowesifazane okubuhlungu okuhlala amahora angaphezu kwamane (priapism). Lesi yisimo esidinga usizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha.
Izinto okufanele uzikhumbule lapho uthatha lo muthi
- Ukusebenzisana neminye imithi: Ama-Alpha-blocker angasebenzisana neminye imithi yomfutho wegazi, eminye imithi yokungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile, kanye neminye imithi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo.
- Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala: Ukuphuza utshwala kungandisa imiphumela emibi efana nokuzizwa unesizungu .
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-cataract: Uma uhlela ukuhlinzwa kwe-cataract, kufanele nakanjani wazise udokotela wakho wamehlo ukuthi uthatha ama-alpha-blockers, njengoba le mithi ingabangela izinkinga ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
- Ukuyeka umuthi: Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha lo muthi ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela imiphumela emibi kakhulu, njengomfutho wegazi ophindaphindayo. Uma udinga ukuyeka ukuthatha umuthi, kwenze ngendlela ephephile futhi ngokwemiyalelo kadokotela wakho.
Kufanele ufune nini iseluleko sezokwelapha?
Uma unemibuzo mayelana nomuthi, noma uma imiphumela emibi yenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke, khuluma nodokotela wakho.
Kodwa-ke, uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha:
- Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi noma ukuquleka
- Ubuhlungu besifuba (`(Angina)`)
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile (ukushaya kwenhliziyo)
- Ukumiswa okubuhlungu okuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora ama-4 (`(Priapism)`)
- Izimpawu zokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba (isib. ukuqubuka, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kobuso/umphimbo, ubunzima bokugwinya)
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-Alpha-blockers ayiqembu elibalulekile lemithi elapha izimo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye ne-benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
- Lokhu kusebenza ngokukhulula imithambo yegazi nemisipha yendlala ye-prostate.
- Uma uqala umuthi, ikakhulukazi ngemva komthamo wokuqala, kungase kube nesiyezi , ngakho-ke thatha ebusuku, njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
- Tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke eminye imithi oyithathayo.
- Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha le mithi ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi kakhulu, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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