O, izinyo lami libuhlungu... Angikwazi ukuvula umlomo wami, isihlathi sami sivuvukele... Angikwazi ngisho nokudla noma ukuphuza. Ngezinye izikhathi lobu buhlungu buhambisana nomkhuhlane. Wake waba nalokhu? Ngokuvamile sikubiza ngokuthi "ubuhlungu bezinyo" noma "ithumba lezinyo." Empeleni lokhu ukutheleleka kwamagciwane okwenzeka empandeni yezinyo. Uma ubona udokotela ngesikhathi esinjengalesi, ungase unikezwe umuthi wokubulala amagciwane. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngalezi zifo zamazinyo kanye nama-antibiotic anikezwa wona, konke kalula.
Kungani kwakheka la mathumba ezinyo? Inkinga iqala kanjani?
Cabanga ukuthi ingaphakathi lomlomo wethu lifana nedolobha elincane. Kuleli dolobha, kunezakhamuzi ezinhle nezakhamuzi ezimbi. Ngendlela efanayo, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-700 zamabhaktheriya amahle namabhaktheriya amabi asibangela izifo. Ngokuvamile, laba bantu abasikhathazi.
Kodwa, uma unembobo encane (umgodi) ezinyweni lakho, uma izinyo liqhekeke kancane noma liphukile, noma uma unesifo sezinsini, lawo magciwane amabi anethuba elihle. Njengoba nje kulula ngesela ukugxuma uma umnyango wendlu ushiywe uvulekile, la magciwane nawo angena ezinyweni ngalezo zimbobo nezindawo eziphukile.
Ngemva kokungena ezinyweni, la magciwane aqala "ikhaya" lawo lapho. Aqala ukwanda ngokushesha lapho. Amasosha omzimba wethu aqala ukulwa nalokhu kuhlasela. Ngenxa yalokhu kulwa, kwakheka ubomvu. Ithumba elakheka lapho lobu bubomvu buqoqa yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ithumba lamazinyo. Yilokhu okubangela ukuba izinyo libuhlungu, livuvuke, futhi libe bomvu.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ithumba lezinyo elinjengaleli ngeke liphinde liphole lodwa . Uma lingelashwa, ukutheleleka kungasakazeka kakhulu, hhayi emlonyeni kuphela, kodwa nakwezinye izimo ezingavamile kodwa eziyingozi, ngisho nasesithweni esibalulekile njengobuchopho. Ngakho-ke, lapho izinyo libuhlungu noma livuvukala, ungalokothi ulithathe kalula.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zama-antibiotic udokotela azinikezayo?
Ama-antibiotic awuhlobo lomuthi obulala amagciwane. Ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu ahlukene asebenza ngezindlela ezahlukene futhi ahlasela izinhlobo ezahlukene zamagciwane. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha umuthi ofaneleka kakhulu kuwe ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwamagciwane abangela ukutheleleka kwamazinyo akho.
Nazi ezinye zezidakamizwa ezivame kakhulu ezinikezwa odokotela bamazinyo.
| Iqembu elilwa nama-biotic | Izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa kakhulu | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|---|
| Uhlobo lwe-penicillin | I-Amoxicillin, i-Penicillin V | Lena imithi yokuqala ekhethwa odokotela. Ingalawula izinhlobo eziningi zamagciwane. Ngezinye izikhathi, i-amoxicillin ihlanganiswa nomuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-clavulanate, okwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-amoxicillin. |
| I-Cephalosporins | I-Cephalexin | Lolu hlobo ngezinye izikhathi lunikezwa abantu abane-allergies ku-penicillin. |
| Ama-Nitroimidazole | I-Metronidazole | Lo muthi usetshenziselwa ukulawula izinhlobo ezithile zamagciwane, ngokuvamile uhlanganiswa nomunye umuthi wokulwa namagciwane. |
| Ama-Macrolide | I-Azithromycin, i-Erythromycin | Lokhu futhi kungenye indlela kulabo abane-allergy ku-penicillin. |
| Ama-Lincosamides | I-Clindamycin | Lomuthi usetshenziselwa izifo ezinzima neziqinile ezingenakukwazi ukulawulwa ngeminye imithi. |
Ingabe ngidinga ama-antibiotics kuzo zonke izinhlungu zamazinyo?
Yilapho abantu abaningi bethola khona iphutha. Cha! Akuzona zonke izifo zamazinyo ezidinga ama-antibiotic.
Cabanga ukuthi ithini lakho likadoti ligcwele futhi liyachichima. Linuka kabi impela. Ufafaza isihlanzisi-moya esinuka kamnandi ukuze ususe iphunga. Ngaleso sikhathi, iphunga lizoncipha kancane, kodwa uma nje ithini likadoti lisekhona, inkinga ngeke ixazululwe, akunjalo? Okokuqala, udinga ukukhipha udoti.
Kwenzeka into efanayo ngokutheleleka kwezinyo. Izicubu ezithelelekile, ubomvu, namagciwane angaphakathi kwezinyo kufana "nethini likadoti." Ama-antibiotic afana "nomshini wokuhlanza umoya." Asiza ukuvimba ukutheleleka ukuthi kungasabalali egazini. Kodwa izinyo ngeke zelapheke ngokuphelele kuze kube yilapho udokotela wamazinyo esusa impande yenkinga (izicubu ezithelelekile) ngaphakathi kwezinyo.
Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kungenye yalezi zinto:
- Ukukhipha amanzi esikhumbeni: Udokotela wenza inxeba elincane bese ekhipha ubomvu ngaphakathi.
- Ukwelashwa kwezimpande: Imizwa nezicubu ezithelelekile ngaphakathi kwezinyo zisuswa ngokuphelele, izinyo liyahlanzwa, bese ligcwaliswa ngezinto ezikhethekile.
- Ukukhishwa kwezinyo: Uma izinyo lonakele ngendlela engenakulungiseka, kuzodingeka lisuswe.
Ngakho-ke, kuziphi izimo lapho udokotela enikeza khona ama-antibiotic?
- Uma ukutheleleka kukhulu: uma ukuvuvukala kuphezulu kakhulu, uma kunobuhlungu obukhulu.
- Uma ukutheleleka kusakazeka: Uma kunezimpawu zokuthi ukutheleleka kusakazeka ezindaweni ezifana nesihlathi noma umhlathi.
- Uma unesifo sokuzivikela komzimba: Kubantu abanezifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, umdlavuza, noma eminye imithi ebuthakathaka amasosha omzimba wabo, ngisho nokutheleleka okuncane kungaba yingozi, ngakho-ke kunikezwa ama-antibiotic njengesexwayiso.
Uyisebenzisa kanjani kahle le mithi?
Uma unikezwe imithi elwa namagciwane, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa ngendlela efanele. Iphutha elikhulu abantu abaningi abalenzayo ukuwaphuza izinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu bese bewayeka lapho ubuhlungu sebuphelile kancane. Ungalokothi wenze lokho!
1. Qedela yonke inkambo: Uma udokotela ekunike imithi izinsuku eziyi-7, kufanele uyithathe ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe kanye nomthamo onqunyiwe kuzo zonke izinsuku eziyi-7. Uma ungakwenzi lokho, amanye amabhaktheriya aqinile angase asale futhi ukugula kungase kube kubi kakhulu. Futhi, amabhaktheriya angase ajwayele imithi futhi ngesikhathi esilandelayo lapho uyinika, kungenzeka ingasebenzi (Ukumelana nama-Antibiotic).
2. Yithathe ngesikhathi esifanele: Uma ithi yithathe ngo-8 ekuseni, yithathe ngaleso sikhathi. Uma ithi yithathe ngo-12 ntambama, yithathe ngaleso sikhathi.
3. Yazi ngaphambi noma ngemva kokudla: Eminye imithi kufanele ithathwe ngemva kokudla, kanti eminye kufanele ithathwe esiswini esingenalutho. Landela imiyalelo kahle.
4. Phuza nengilazi yamanzi: Le mithi ivame ukufika ngama-capsule noma amaphilisi. Phuza amanzi amaningi.
Uma unemibuzo ngalokhu, ungabi namahloni ucele udokotela wakho ukuthi akucacisele.
Izinzuzo kanye nemiphumela emibi engaba khona yama-antibiotic
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, ama-antibiotic angaba nezinzuzo kanye nemiphumela emibi emincane.
Izinzuzo
Inzuzo eyinhloko ukuthi ivimbela ukutheleleka ngamagciwane ukuthi kungasabalali kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, okungavimbela izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo.
Izingozi Nemiphumela Engemihle
Lokhu kungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: imiphumela emibi emincane evamile kanye nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba okudinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo.
| Uhlobo lomphumela ongemuhle | Izici |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela emibi emincane evame ukuvela (ngokuvamile yesikhashana) | |
| Isiyezi | Ukuzizwa unesizungu noma unesizungu. |
| Isicanucanu | Ukuzizwa sengathi uzohlanza. Lokhu kungancishiswa ngokuthatha umuthi ngemva kokudla. |
| Uhudo | Lokhu kungenzeka ngoba ama-antibiotic abulala nama-bacteria amahle emathunjini akho. Uma lokhu kungapheli ezinsukwini ezimbalwa noma kukubi kakhulu (isib. ukutheleleka kwe -Clostridium difficile (C. diff) , tshela udokotela wakho. |
| Ukutheleleka kwemvubelo | Abesifazane banamathuba amaningi okuthola izifo zemvubelo esithweni sangasese sowesifazane noma emlonyeni. |
| Ukusabela Okubi Kakhulu Kokungezwani Nomzimba - Lokhu akuvamile, kodwa uma uzibona, hamba esibhedlela ngokushesha! | |
| Ama-blister esikhumba noma ukuqubuka okukhulu/ama-hives | Ama-blister anamanzi noma ama-blister amakhulu asakazeka ngokushesha esikhumbeni. |
| Ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi, noma umphimbo | Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu. Uma umphimbo uvuvukala, kungabangela ubunzima bokuphefumula. |
| Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukuphefumula kanzima | Ukushaya ikhwela noma umuzwa wokuminyana lapho uphefumula. |
Uma uhlangabezana nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba okunje, shayela i-ambulensi noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.
Kunzima ukuphila nobuhlungu bamazinyo, akunjalo? Lezi zinto zizosiza
Zama lezi zinto ukuze ulawule ubuhlungu uze ubone udokotela wamazinyo noma uqale ukwelashwa bese ululama:
- Thatha umuthi wokuqeda izinhlungu: Cela udokotela wakho ukuthi akunike umuthi wokuqeda izinhlungu onjenge-paracetamol.
- Faka amanzi abandayo: Songa ama-ice cubes ambalwa ngendwangu bese uwafaka ngaphandle kwesihlathi esivuvukele cishe imizuzu eyi-15-20.
- Sebenzisa ibhulashi lamazinyo elithambile: Uma uxubha amazinyo akho, xubha kancane futhi ngokucophelela endaweni ebuhlungu.
- Gwema ukudla okuqinile nokunongwe kakhulu: Gwema izinto eziqinile njengamabhisikidi, kanye nokudla neziphuzo ezishisayo noma ezibandayo kakhulu izinsuku ezimbalwa.
- Yidla ngakolunye uhlangothi: Gwema ukuhlafuna ukudla ohlangothini lapho kukhona khona ubuhlungu.
- Hlanza umlomo wakho ngamanzi anosawoti: Ncibilikisa ithisipuni likasawoti engilazini yamanzi afudumele bese uhlanza umlomo wakho ngawo izikhathi eziningana ngosuku. Lokhu kuzonikeza impumuzo yesikhashana futhi kusize ekulawuleni amagciwane.
Angikwazi yini ukuphulukisa ekhaya ngaphandle kokubona udokotela?
Lutho neze. Ukutheleleka kwamazinyo akuyona into ongayilapha ekhaya.
- Ayikho into efana ne-antibiotic yemvelo: Abanye abantu bathi ukukhipha uwoyela ngamafutha kakhukhunathi kuhle. Yebo, kunganciphisa amanye amagciwane emlonyeni wakho. Kuhle ekuhlanzeni umlomo. Kodwa ngeke kwelaphe ukutheleleka okukhulu ngaphakathi kwezinyo.
- Imithi ayikwazi ukuthengwa ekhemisi:Ama-antibiotic akuwona umuthi ongathathwa ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela. Ngakho-ke, kufanele nakanjani ubonane nodokotela wamazinyo.
Khumbula, abaningi bethu bayanqikaza kancane ukuya kudokotela, ikakhulukazi udokotela wamazinyo. Kodwa ubuhlungu bamazinyo abuyona ihlaya. Uma ubheka imiphumela emibi engaba khona, kuwukuhlakanipha ukufuna ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ithumba lezinyo (ithumba lezinyo) liyisifo esiyingozi kakhulu esibangelwa amagciwane. Ngeke siphole ngokwaso . Qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wamazinyo.
- Ama-antibiotic ewodwa awakwazi ukwelapha ubuhlungu bezinyo. Anikezwa kuphela ngaphezu kokwelashwa kwamazinyo (njengokukhipha, izimpande zomsele, noma ukukhipha izinyo).
- Uma udokotela ekubhalela ama-antibiotic, wathathe izinsuku eziphelele ezibekiwe, noma ubuhlungu buphela. Ungayeki phakathi.
- Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinkulu zokungezwani komzimba njengokuvuvukala kobuso, umphimbo, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula ngenkathi uthatha umuthi, hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU).
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