Ingabe udokotela wakho ukunike umuthi 'we-Antimetabolite' wena noma umuntu oseduze nawe wokwelapha isimo somdlavuza? Uma kunjalo, ungase ufune ukwazi konke ngalolu hlobo lomuthi, izinzuzo nezingozi zawo, nokuthi usebenza kanjani. Ama-antimetabolite ayisigaba semithi esetshenziswa ku-chemotherapy ukubulala umdlavuza. Eqinisweni, awuhlobo lomuthi oludala kakhulu olusetshenziswa kakhulu ekwelapheni umdlavuza, njengoba lusetshenziswe kusukela ngawo-1940.
Ziyini lezi zinto ezilwa nokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic? Zisebenza kanjani?
Kalula nje, ama-antimetabolites awuhlobo lomuthi obhubhisa amangqamuzana (ama-cytotoxic) . Isenzo sawo sicashile kakhulu.
Cabanga nje, iseli emzimbeni wethu, ikakhulukazi iseli lomdlavuza, lidinga ezinye 'zezithako' zalo ukuze likhule, lihlukane, futhi liphindaphindeke. Lokho okwenziwa yilesi sidakamizwa kusebenza 'njengesithako mbumbulu' esifana ncamashi nalezo zithako. Ngakho-ke amangqamuzana omdlavuza ayakhohliswa futhi esikhundleni sezithako zangempela adinga ukukhula, adla lezi zithako mbumbulu, umuthi wethu.
Ulwazi lwezakhi zofuzo lweseli, okungukuthi, uhlelo oluphelele lwalelo seli, luqukethwe ezintweni ezibizwa ngokuthi i-DNA ne -RNA . Uma lo muthi we-antimetabolite ungena eseli lomdlavuza, lelo seli alikwazi ukwenza amakhophi e-DNA yalo. Kufana nokufaka i-cartridge engalungile kuphrinta bese lingakwazi ukwenza amakhophi.
Uma i-DNA ingenakukopishwa, lelo seli alikwazi ukuhlukana libe amaseli amasha. Amaseli omdlavuza ayayeka ukwanda futhi afe.
Ngenxa yokuthi lolu hlobo lomuthi luhlose ngqo amangqamuzana ahlukana ngokushesha , lusebenza kahle kakhulu ekulawuleni umdlavuza okhula ngokushesha.
Ngezansi kunezinye zezidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekwelapheni umdlavuza.
| Amanye ama-antimetabolites asetshenziswa kakhulu |
|---|
| I-6-mercaptopurine |
| I-Fludarabine |
| 5-fluorouracil |
| I-Gemcitabine |
| I-Cytarabine |
| I-Pemetrexed |
| I-Methotrexate |
Lo muthi usetshenziselwa ziphi izinhlobo zomdlavuza?
Ama-antimetabolites asetshenziswa kakhulu ekwelapheni umdlavuza wegazi njenge- leukemia , umdlavuza webele , umdlavuza wesibeletho , kanye nomdlavuza wamathumbu .
Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi le mithi ingavimbela ukukhula kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lweseli oluhlukana ngokushesha, odokotela bayayincoma nakwezinye izinhlobo ezahlukene zomdlavuza.
Ngingawuthola kanjani lo muthi?
Indlela imithi yokulwa ne-metabolite enikezwa ngayo ingahluka kuye ngokuthi umuthi okhulunywa ngawo kanye nohlobo lomdlavuza olashwayo.
- Amaphilisi noma uketshezi: Amanye ama-antimetabolites atholakala njengamaphilisi noma uketshezi olungathathwa ngomlomo nsuku zonke.
- I-Intravenous (IV): Kunezinye izinhlobo zemijovo efakwa emthanjeni. Lokhu kuvame ukunikezwa njengesixazululo sikasawoti ngomthambo. Kubantu abathola ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside, le mithi ngezinye izikhathi inikezwa ngethubhu ekhethekile (mediport) efakwa emthanjeni omkhulu, ophakathi.
- Ama-cream: Ama-antimetabolites asetshenziselwa umdlavuza wesikhumba nawo ayatholakala njengokhilimu wangaphandle. Lawa asetshenziswa endaweni yesikhumba ethintekile kanye noma kabili ngosuku.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu kwelashwa?
Inzuzo enkulu yalolu hlobo lomuthi ukuthi ubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza, umise ukukhula komdlavuza noma uwunciphise. Lokhu kusiza isiguli ukuba silulame futhi sandise impilo yaso.
Kodwa-ke, kunengozi ehilelekile. Le mithi ayisebenzi ngendlela efanayo kuwo wonke umuntu. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nodokotela baba nobunzima bokunquma ukuthi yimuphi umdlavuza ofanele lo muthi.
Enye into ebalulekile ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi, noma ngabe isebenza kahle ekuqaleni, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amangqamuzana omdlavuza ayajwayelana nalo muthi. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'ukumelana'. Ngemuva kwalokho umuthi awusakwazi ukusebenza.
Iyini imiphumela emibi yama-antimetabolites?
Ngenxa yokuthi ama-antimetabolites ayiqembu lemithi, hhayi umuthi owodwa, imiphumela emibi ingahluka. Ngakho-ke, uma unikezwe umuthi othize we-antimetabolite, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngemiphumela emibi ethile ehambisana nawo.
Kodwa ngokuvamile, kunemiphumela emibi eminingana evamile ebonakala kuma-antimetabolites amaningi.
| Umphumela Ongemuhle | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Izinkinga zesistimu yokugaya ukudla | Isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, isifo sohudo, noma ukuqunjelwa. |
| Ukungakhululeki komzimba | Ukukhathala, ubuthakathaka, ubuhlungu bemisipha, ikhanda elibuhlungu, kanye nesiyezi. |
| Izinguquko emlonyeni nasezindebeni | Izilonda noma ukuvuvukala emlonyeni nasezindebeni. |
| Imiphumela esibindini | Ama-enzyme esibindi aphezulu (lokhu kungase kubonise ukulimala kwesibindi noma ukuvuvukala). |
| Isikhumba nezinwele | Ukulahlekelwa izinwele, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, isikhumba esomile nesiqhekekile. |
| Izinguquko emehlweni | Ukushintsha kombono noma ukuzwela ukukhanya. |
| Imiphumela kumaseli egazi | Ukwehla kwenani lamaseli amhlophe egazi, okwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka. |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-antimetabolites uhlobo lomuthi we-chemotherapy okhohlisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukuthi ayeke ukukhula kwawo.
- Lezi zivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu emidlavuzeni ekhula ngokushesha efana ne-leukemia, umdlavuza webele, wesibeletho kanye nomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu.
- Nakuba lezi zindlela zokwelapha zinenzuzo yokubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza, ziphinde zibe nezingozi ezifana nokumelana nemithi kanye nemiphumela emibi.
- Ngenxa yokuthi imiphumela emibi iyahlukahluka kuye ngemithi, kubalulekile ukuqaphela imithi oyiphuzayo kanye nemiphumela yayo.
- Okubaluleke kakhulu: Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphandle kokungabaza ngemithi oyinikezwe, imiphumela yayo emibi, nanoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho. Nguye kuphela ongakunikeza iseluleko esinembile nesifanele kakhulu.
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