Igama elithi 'antipsychotic' lingase lizwakale liyesabisa kancane kuwe. Abanye abantu balibiza ngokuthi "imithi yabahlanyayo," kodwa empeleni lingaphezu kwalokho. Le mithi iyiklasi elibalulekile lemithi engasiza ngezinkinga eziningi zempilo yengqondo futhi ingaguqula impilo. Ngakho-ke uma othile ekubhalela omunye wale mithi, akusho ukuthi unesifo sengqondo. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kusukela ekuqaleni, ngamagama alula.
Ziyini ngempela lezi zidakamizwa ezilwa nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo? Zisebenza kanjani?
Kalula nje, le yimithi esetshenziswa kakhulu ukwelapha izimpawu ezihlobene nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Isifo sengqondo yisimo lapho kunzima khona ukuhlukanisa phakathi kweqiniso neqiniso. Isibonelo, imibono engemihle noma ukukhohlisa kungenzeka. Cabanga ngobuchopho bethu njengomsakazo oyinkimbinkimbi. Ukuze umsakazo uzwakale kahle, izimpawu kumele zibe ngokulandelana okufanele. Lezi zimpawu ebuchosheni bethu zingamakhemikhali abizwa ngokuthi
ama-neurotransmitters . Lawa ngamakhemikhali alawula imizwa yethu, imicabango, kanye nokuziphatha. Lapho la makhemikhali engalingani ngesizathu esithile, imicabango yethu iqala ukuxubeka, njengomsindo esiteshini somsakazo. Imithi yokulwa nesifo sengqondo isebenza ngokubuyisela
lezi zithunywa zamakhemikhali ezingalingani esimweni esilinganisiwe. Le mithi ishintsha indlela la makhemikhali ebuchosheni asebenza ngayo. Ososayensi basathola indlela ephelele yokusebenza kwalezi zinto, kodwa uma lokhu kulinganisela kwamakhemikhali sekubuyiselwe, lezo zimpawu ezingakhululekile ozizwayo zizoqala ukuncipha kancane kancane.
Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo eziyinhloko zale mithi?
Yebo, le mithi ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko. 1.
Ama-antipsychotic esizukulwane sokuqala: Lena imithi emidala. Ivimba kakhulu isenzo se-neurotransmitter
dopamine ebuchosheni. Iphinde ithinte amanye amakhemikhali amaningana (i-acetylcholine, i-histamine, i-norepinephrine). 2.
Ama-antipsychotic esizukulwane sesibili: Le yimithi emisha kakhulu. Iphinde ilawule umsebenzi wenye i-neurotransmitter ebalulekile ebizwa ngokuthi
i-serotonin , kanye ne-dopamine. Yingakho kubhekwa ukuthi inemiphumela emibi embalwa kunemithi yesizukulwane sokuqala. 3.
Ama-antipsychotic esizukulwane esilandelayo: Le yimithi emisha kakhulu. Isebenza ngendlela ehlukile endleleni ephatha ngayo i-psychosis. Isibonelo, i-Xanomeline kanye ne-trospium chloride (Cobenfy™) azithinti i-dopamine, ngakho azithinti ukunyakaza komzimba noma ukulala. Zisebenza ngokubhekisa kwamanye ama-receptor ebuchosheni ahilelekile ekukhumbuleni nasekucabangeni.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi udokotela wakho uzonquma umuthi kanye nomthamo ofanele wena. Ngakho-ke ungesabi ukuxoxa nganoma yiziphi izinkinga ongase ube nazo nodokotela wakho.
Izinhlobo eziningana zemithi yokulwa nesifo sengqondo
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemithi yokulwa nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo esetshenziswa emhlabeni. Ngezansi ezinye zazo. Mhlawumbe igama lomuthi wakho likulolu hlu.
| Ukukhiqizwa kwemithi | Igama Elijwayelekile |
|---|
| Isizukulwane sokuqala | I-Chlorpromazine |
| I-Fluphenazine |
| I-Haloperidol |
| I-Loxapine |
| I-Perphenazine |
| I-Pimozide |
| I-Prochlorperazine |
| I-Trifluoperazine |
| Isizukulwane sesibili | I-Aripiprazole |
| I-Clozapine |
| I-Olanzapine |
| I-Quetiapine |
| I-Paliperidone |
| I-Risperidone |
| I-Ziprasidone |
| I-Asenapine |
| I-Lurasidone |
| I-Cariprazine |
| Isizukulwane esilandelayo | I-Xanomeline kanye ne-trospium chloride |
Lo muthi usetshenziselwa ziphi izimo?
Le mithi isetshenziswa kakhulu ukwelapha izinkinga zemizwa kanye nezimo zengqondo. Eminye yayo yile:
I-Schizophrenia kanye nezinkinga ezihlobene nayo (isb. i-schizoaffective disorder)- Isifo se- Bipolar
- Ukuhlanya (Ukuhlanya )
- Isifo sokucindezeleka esikhulu esinezici zengqondo
- Isifo sokudangala
- Ukukhathazeka okukhulu
- Isifo sobuntu obuseduze
- Ezinye izinkinga zokuziphatha ezihambisana ne -dementia
- Ukuhlanya (ukudideka kwengqondo okungazelelwe)
- Izinkinga zengqondo ezibangelwa izidakamizwa
Ngaphezu kwalokho, odokotela ngezinye izikhathi bangase banikeze le mithi ngemithamo ephansi kwezinye izimo. Isibonelo, ingaba usizo kwezinye izimo ze-Tourette syndrome, isifo sikaHuntington, kanye ne-Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
Yiziphi izinzuzo zokusebenzisa lo muthi?
Kunezinzuzo eziningana eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa imithi yokulwa nesifo sengqondo.
- Ukuphatha izifo ezinzima : Le mithi ingalawula izifo okunzima kakhulu, noma okungenakwenzeka, ukuzilawula ngeminye imithi. Ngaphandle kwale mithi, ezinye iziguli kuzodingeka zilaliswe esibhedlela isikhathi eside noma impilo yazo yonke futhi zithole ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo .
- Umlando wocwaningo: Imithi yesizukulwane sokuqala neyesibili ikakhulukazi ibilokhu icwaningwa amashumi eminyaka, futhi ukusebenza kwayo kahle nokuphepha kwayo kuyaqondakala kahle.
- Ukuba nemithi ehlukahlukene: Uma umuthi owodwa ungasebenzi kuwe, wena nodokotela wakho ninethuba lokukhetha omunye umuthi onemiphumela emibi embalwa futhi ofanelana kangcono nezimpawu zakho.
- Ukusekela ezinye izindlela zokwelapha: Uma izimpawu sezilawulwa ngale mithi, kuba lula ngesiguli ukuthi sihlanganyele futhi sizuze kakhulu kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njengokwelashwa kwengqondo .
Ingabe siyazi nemiphumela emibi?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, le mithi ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi wonke umuntu oyithathayo uzobhekana nayo yonke. Abanye abantu bangase bangabi nemiphumela emibi. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza umuthi kuphela uma ekholelwa ukuthi inzuzo yomuthi inkulu kunemiphumela emibi engaba khona.
| Umphumela ongemuhle | Incazelo elula |
|---|
| Ukwanda kwesisindo | Kungase kubangelwe ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla noma izinguquko ekusebenzeni komzimba. |
| Ukozela kanye nesiyezi | Kuvame kakhulu ezigabeni zokuqala zokusebenzisa umuthi. |
| Umlomo owomile | Kubangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwezindlala zamathe . |
| Ukuqunjelwa | Kungase kubangelwe ukusebenza kancane kwesimiso sokugaya ukudla. |
| Izinkinga zokunyakaza | Ukuqina kwemisipha, ukuthuthumela, kanye nokunyakaza okungalawuleki (i-tardive dyskinesia) kungase kwenzeke. |
| Ushukela wegazi okhuphukile kanye ne-cholesterol | Lokhu kungandisa ingozi yokuthola izifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili. |
| Izinkinga zenhliziyo | Izinto ezifana nokushintsha kwesilinganiso senhliziyo azivamile ukwenzeka. |
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi yale miphumela emibi,
ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi yakho wedwa. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha bese umtshela ngakho. Ungase ukwazi ukuxazulula lezi zinkinga ngokushintsha umthamo noma ukushintshela komunye umuthi.
Ngidinga ukuthatha lo muthi isikhathi esingakanani?
Ayikho impendulo eyodwa kulo mbuzo. Kuncike ngokuphelele emithini oyiphuzayo, isimo sakho sezokwelapha, nokuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani kuyo. Eminye imithi ingeyokusetshenziswa kwesikhashana. Eminye kungadingeka ithathwe iminyaka, mhlawumbe ngisho nokuphila konke. Udokotela wakho ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu ongakutshela ngokuqinisekile.
Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha!
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibucayi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi, shayela udokotela wakho noma uye esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha okukhulu.
- Umkhuhlane ophezulu
- Ukudideka
- Ukuqina kwemisipha noma ukuqina kwayo
- Ukuqhaqhazela kwemisipha yobuso okungalawuleki
- Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma okumhlophe kwamehlo (izimpawu ezifana ne-jaundice )
Uma wena noma othile omaziyo edinga usizo...
Uma wena noma othile omaziyo ecabanga ngokuzilimaza, sicela ungabi wedwa. Ungesabi ukucela usizo. Ungakhuluma nenhlangano efana
neSumithrayo , noma uye
eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela esiseduze (ETU) ngokushesha okukhulu . Impilo yakho iyigugu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-antipsychotics awawona nje “umuthi wabahlanyayo.” Ayisigaba esibaluleke kakhulu semithi elapha izifo ezahlukahlukene zempilo yengqondo, njenge -schizophrenia kanye ne-bipolar disorder .
- Le mithi isebenza ngokulinganisa kabusha izithunywa zamakhemikhali ezingalingani (ama-neurotransmitter) ebuchosheni.
- Imiphumela emibi ingenzeka, kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile nganoma yikuphi ukungakhululeki okuzwayo.
- Ungayeki ukuthatha lo muthi ngokuzumayo nganoma yisiphi isizathu ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela. Ukwenza kanjalo kungase kube kubi kakhulu isimo sakho.
- Ukubhala phansi izimpawu zakho, imithi oyiphuzayo, kanye nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi oyitholayo encwadini yamanothi ngaphambi kokuba ubonane nodokotela wakho kuzoba usizo olukhulu ekutholeni ukwelashwa okufanele wena.
imithi yokulwa nesifo sengqondo, impilo yengqondo, i-psychosis, i-schizophrenia, i-bipolar disorder, imiphumela emibi yemithi, i-dopamine, i-serotonin, i-sinhala yempilo yengqondo
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