Ake sifunde nje nge-Aortic Aneurysm, ukuqubuka okufana nebhaluni emthanjeni wegazi oyinhloko womzimba wethu!

O, ngezinye izikhathi asibonisi ngisho nezimpawu, kodwa izinkinga ezinkulu zingavela ngaphakathi emzimbeni, akunjalo? Yilolo hlobo lwesimo esikhula buthule, kodwa uma usazi, singalawulwa. I-Aortic Aneurysm iyesabeka kancane ukuyizwa, kodwa ake sixoxe ngayo kalula. Khona-ke ungathola ukuqonda okungcono ngayo.

Ake siqale sibone ukuthi iyini le 'Aorta'?

Cabanga nje, umthambo wegazi omkhulu kunayo yonke emzimbeni wethu yi- 'Aorta' . Ufana nepayipi eliyinhloko elithwala amanzi lisuka ethangini lethu lamanzi liye yonke indawo endlini yethu. Le aorta yileyo ethwala igazi elihlanzekile, elinomoya-mpilo lisuka enhliziyweni yethu liye emzimbeni wonke. Lime njengenduku egobile phezulu. Ingxenye ekhuphuka isuka enhliziyweni ibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Ascending Aorta' , kanti ingxenye ehla iye esiswini ibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Descending Aorta' .

Ngakho-ke, iyini le 'Aneurysm ye-Aortic'?

Kalula nje, le 'Aneurysm ye-Aortic' iyenzeka lapho kukhona ubuthakathaka odongeni lomthambo wethu wegazi oyinhloko obizwa ngokuthi i-aorta, futhi ukucindezela kwegazi okugeleza kuyo kubangela ukuthi leyo ndawo ikhukhumale njengebhaluni. Kufana nepayipi lamanzi elidala eliqhumayo. Lokho kukhukhumale njengebhaluni yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-aneurysm. Lokhu kungenzeka kunoma yimuphi umthambo wegazi, kodwa uma kwenzeka ku-aorta, sikubiza ngokuthi i-aortic aneurysm.

Ingabe zikhona lezi zinhlobo ze-aneurysms?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-aortic aneurysms. Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zihlukaniswe ngokuya ngokuthi zenzeka kuphi:

1. I-Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA): Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Lukhula engxenyeni engezansi ye-aorta yethu, okuyingxenye eya esiswini. Cabanga ngayo njengengxenye eyehlela phansi ngenduku.

2. I-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA): Lokhu kwenzeka engxenyeni engenhla ye-aorta, okungukuthi, engxenyeni egobile ebheke phezulu enomumo we-'U' endaweni yesifuba. Ngezinye izikhathi, kubantu abanezifo zezicubu ezixhumeneyo njenge- Marfan syndrome, le TAA ingenzeka ku-ascending aorta, ingxenye ye-aorta ekhuphukela eduze kwenhliziyo.

Ama-aneurysms e-aortic yesisu (AAA) ngokuvamile avame kakhulu kune -thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) . Lokhu kungenzeka ngoba udonga lwe-aorta esifubeni sethu lujiyile kancane futhi luqine kunodonga lwe-aorta esiswini sethu.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Eqinisweni, amadoda anamathuba aphindwe kane kuya kwayisithupha okuthola i-abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) kunabesifazane. Ithinta cishe u-1% wamadoda aphakathi kweminyaka engu-55 no-64. Kodwa-ke, ingozi yokuyithola iyanda njengoba iminyaka ikhula. Kuthiwa ingozi inganda cishe ngo-4% njalo eminyakeni eyi-10.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yalokhu? (Izici Eziyingozi)

Izakhi zofuzo zomndeni wakho kanye nendlela yakho yokuphila konke kungadlala indima ekuthuthukisweni kwalesi sifo se-aorta. Lesi simo sivame ukubonakala ku:

• Phakathi kwababhemayo .
• Phakathi kwalabo abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 ubudala.
• Phakathi kwamadoda .
• Uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba ne-aortic aneurysm ngaphambili.
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme, okungukuthi, kubantu abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme .

Cabanga ngakho, uma kukhona kulezi zinto ezikuthintayo, bekungeke yini kube kuhle ukukhathazeka kancane ngalokhu?

Yini ebangela lokhu?

Ngokuvamile kunzima ukuthola imbangela eqondile ye-aortic aneurysm. Kodwa-ke, kunezici eziningana okucatshangwa ukuthi zinegalelo:

• I-Atherosclerosis: Lokhu kuwukunqwabelana kwamafutha ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, okuyenza inciphe. Kufana nokugqwala okwakheka ngaphakathi kwepayipi lamanzi.
• Ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi.
• Izimo zofuzo: Izifo ezithinta ngqo izicubu ezixhumeneyo, njenge- Marfan syndrome kanye ne-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome .
• Ukulimala kwe-aorta: Njengokuvela engozini ethile.
• Ezinye izifo: Isibonelo, zingabangelwa yisifo esithathelwana ngocansi njenge -syphilis .

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?

Nansi into ebalulekile. Abantu abaningi abazi nokuthi bane-aortic aneurysm. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kungase kungabi nazimpawu kuze kube yilapho iqhuma.

Kodwa-ke, uma i-aneurysm iqhuma, kuyisimo esibucayi esidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo. Uma wena noma othile onayo enezimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi i-aneurysm iqhumile, kufanele uye esibhedlela ngokushesha.

Izimpawu ze-aneurysm eqhumile zingavela ngokuzumayo:

• Isiyezi noma ukuba nekhanda elibuthakathaka.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo.
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba obungazelelwe, ubuhlungu besisu, noma ubuhlungu bomhlane.

Uma kutholakala i-aortic aneurysm ngaphambi kokuba iqhume, inethuba elihle kakhulu lokululama. Njengoba i-aneurysm ikhula, ungase uqaphele izimpawu ezinjengalezi:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ukuphelelwa umoya.
• Ukuzizwa usuthi ngisho nangemva kokudla kancane.
• Ukuzwa ubuhlungu lapho kukhona khona i-aneurysm (lokhu kungaba sentanyeni, emhlane, esifubeni, noma esiswini).
• Ukuzwa ubuhlungu noma ubunzima lapho ugwinya.
• Ukuvuvukala kwezandla, intamo, noma ubuso.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingabangelwa yilokhu?

Uma i-aortic aneurysm iqhuma, ingabangela ukopha kwangaphakathi. Kuye ngokuthi i-aneurysm ikuphi, lokhu kuqhuma kungaba kubi kakhulu, kuze kube yingozi empilweni. Kodwa-ke, ngokwelashwa okusheshayo, abantu abaningi bangalulama ekuqhumeni kwe-aneurysm.

Ukwanda kwe-aortic aneurysm nakho kungabangela ukudabuka odongeni lomthambo wegazi (i-aortic dissection) . Lokhu kudabuka kuvumela igazi ukuthi livuze odongeni lomthambo. Lokhu kunciphisa umthambo, kunciphisa noma kuvimbele ngokuphelele ukugeleza kwegazi kusuka enhliziyweni kuya kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Ingcindezi engaphakathi komthambo nayo inganda, okubangela ukuthi i-aneurysm iqhume.

Ukuthola kanjani lokhu?

Ngenxa yokuthi ama-aneurysm amaningi akhula ngaphandle kwezimpawu, odokotela bawathola kuphela ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile kwezokwelapha noma ukuskena okwenziwe ukuze bathole okunye.

Uma usengozini enkulu yokuba ne-aortic aneurysm, noma uma unezimpawu ze-aneurysm, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi kwenziwe izivivinyo zesithombe , okuyizivivinyo ezibonakala ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho. Izibonelo zalezi zifaka:

• I-CT scan.
• I-CT noma i-MRI angiography.
• Ukuskena nge-ultrasound.

Uphatha kanjani i-aneurysm engakaqhekeki?

Uma une-aneurysm ye-aortic engakaqhekeki, okungukuthi, engakaqhumi, udokotela wakho uzokuqapha ngokucophelela. Udokotela wakho angase futhi akuncome ukuhlolwa njalo uma unezici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa i-aneurysm.

Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa ukuvimbela i-aneurysm ukuthi ingabi nkulu futhi ibangele ukuthi umthambo wegazi uqhume noma uqhume. Nge-aneurysms encane, engaqhekekanga , udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi yokuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi, ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi, noma ukulawula i-cholesterol. Konke lokhu kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukukhula kwe-aneurysm nokunciphisa umfutho odongeni lwemithambo yegazi.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa kwe-aortic aneurysm ezikhona?

Ama-aneurysm amakhulu asengozini yokuqhekeka noma ukuqhuma angadinga ukuhlinzwa . Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa enye yalezi zindlela zokuhlinzwa:

1. Ukulungiswa kwe-aneurysm evulekile: Kule nqubo, udokotela usika i-aneurysm, asuse ingxenye ebuthakathaka, bese eyishintsha ngepayipi elikhethekile (i-graft) ukuze kulungiswe umthambo wegazi. Lokhu kuhlinzwa okuvulekile kungadingeka uma i-aneurysm iqhuma.

2. Ukulungiswa Kwe-Endovascular Aneurysm (EVAR):Lena inqubo yokuhlinzwa engangenisi kakhulu. Lokho kusho ukuthi yenziwa ngaphandle kokwenza ukusika okukhulu. Kule nqubo, udokotela usebenzisa ithubhu elincane (i-catheter) ukuqondisa i-graft ku-aneurysm nokuqinisa noma ukulungisa umthambo wegazi. Le nqubo ibizwa nangokuthi ukulungiswa kwe-thoracic endovascular aneurysm (TEVAR) noma ukulungiswa kwe-fenestrated endovascular aneurysm (FEVAR) .

Yini ongayilindela ngemva kokuhlinzwa?

Kungathatha inyanga noma ngaphezulu ukululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-aneurysm. Udokotela wakho uzoqhubeka nokukuqapha ukuze abone izinguquko, ukukhula, noma izinkinga ku-aneurysm. Iningi labantu lithola imiphumela emihle ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Kodwa-ke, njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezithile. Ezinye zezinkinga ezingaba khona ngemva kokuhlinzwa yilezi:

• Ukuvuza kwegazi okuzungeze i-graft. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-endoleak .
• Ipayipi lasuswa endaweni yalo.
• Amahlule egazi.
• Ukutheleleka.

Singakwazi yini ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwale aneurysm ye-aorta?

Yebo, ngezinga elithile. Ukuba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-cholesterol ephezulu, noma ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi kwandisa ingozi yakho yokuba ne-aneurysm. Unganciphisa ingozi yakho ngokuphila impilo enempilo . Lokho kusho ukuthi:

• Ukudla ukudla okunempilo okunempilo kwenhliziyo.
• Ukuzivocavoca njalo.
• Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo.
• Ukuyeka ngokuphelele ukubhema nokusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi.

Bheka, lezi zinto azigcini nje ngokuba zinhle kuma-aneurysms, kodwa futhi nasempilweni yomzimba wethu wonke, akunjalo?

Iyini iphrojekthi yomuntu one-aortic aneurysm?

Ngokuqapha nokwelashwa ngokucophelela, udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuphatha i-aortic aneurysm. Into engcono kakhulu ukuthi ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lithole futhi lelaphe i-aortic aneurysm ngaphambi kokuba iqhume, uma kungenzeka.

Uma i-aortic aneurysm iqhuma, kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa okusheshayo, i-aortic aneurysm eqhumayo ingaba yingozi. Kokubili ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile kanye nokuhlinzwa kwe-endovascular kungalapha ngempumelelo i-aortic aneurysm eqhumayo.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, bheka udokotela wakho ngokushesha:

• Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi (ukuquleka, ukuquleka noma ukuquleka).
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi.
• Isilinganiso senhliziyo esisheshayo.
• Ubuhlungu obungazelelwe, obukhulu esifubeni, esiswini, noma emhlane.

Yini okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Ungabuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Ingabe ngisengozini yokuthola i-aortic aneurysm?
• Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi ngine-aortic aneurysm?
• Yini engingayenza ukuze ngivimbele i-aortic aneurysm ukuthi ingaqhekeki noma iqhume?
• Yiziphi izinguquko zendlela yokuphila okufanele ngizenze ukuze nginciphise ingozi yami ye-aortic aneurysm?

Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye ekhaya:

Ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa impilo yenhliziyo yakho kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuthi i-aortic aneurysm ingakhuli noma ibe yimbi kakhulu. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinguquko zendlela yokuphila ongazenza. Uma usengozini yokuthola i-aortic aneurysm, qiniseka ukuthi uthola ukuhlolwa njalo. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kwe-aneurysm kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuqhekeka noma ezinye izinkinga. Khumbula, ukuqaphela kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela!

` I-Aortic Aneurysm, I-Aortic aneurysm, Ukunwebeka kwemithambo yegazi, Isifo senhliziyo, AAA, TAA, Aota