Kuyini i-Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease? Ingabe uhlangabezana nokugeleza kwegazi okunciphile emilenzeni yakho? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uba nobuhlungu emilenzeni uma uhamba? Ingabe ubuhlungu buyaphela ngemva kokuma isikhashana? Noma uzizwa ungenamizwa noma ubanda emilenzeni yakho? Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zento ethile engathi sína. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease', esinegama eliyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa elingathinta abantu abaningi. Ungakhathazeki, ake sikuchaze kalula lokhu.

Iyini i-Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease?

Kalula nje, lokhu ukuvaleka komthambo wegazi oyinhloko ohlinzeka ngegazi engxenyeni engezansi yomzimba wethu. Lesi simo singeseqembu elikhulu lezifo ezibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD),' okubhekisela emithanjeni yegazi ehlinzeka ngegazi ezithweni.

Lesi sifo sithinta kakhulu ingxenye engezansi ye-`(Aorta)`, umthambo wegazi omkhulu kunayo yonke emzimbeni wethu, kanye nemithambo yegazi ebizwa ngokuthi `(Iliac arteries)`. I-`(Aorta)` iwumthambo oyinhloko othwala igazi lisuka enhliziyweni lidlule esifubeni liye esiswini. I-`(Iliac arteries)` yigatsha ezimbili eziyinhloko zale `(Aorta)` ehlukana kabili eduze kwesisu futhi ithwale igazi liye emilenzeni.

Manje, okwenzekayo kulesi sifo ukuthi into ebizwa ngokuthi `(i-Plaque)` iyanda ngaphakathi kwale mithambo yegazi. `(i-Plaque)` iyinto enamathelayo eyenziwe ngezinto ezifana namafutha ne-cholesterol. Cabanga nje, lokhu kuyinto efana nokugqwala nokungcola okwanda ngaphakathi kwepayipi lamanzi endlini yethu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Kunezizathu ezimbili zokuthi kungani leli `(i-Plaque)` liyingozi:

• Kunciphisa isikhala ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi: Lokhu `(i-Plaque)` kuyanqwabelana, kunciphisa isikhala sokugeleza kwegazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. Bese ukugeleza kwegazi kuvinjelwa, njengokuminyana kwezimoto.
• Kungabangela i-`(Embolus)`: Ngezinye izikhathi ingxenye yale `(Plaque)` ingaphuka futhi ihambe negazi. Ingxenye ephuka kanje ibizwa ngokuthi i-`(Embolus).` Uma le `(Embolus)` inamathela endaweni ethile emthanjeni wegazi omncane, ukugeleza kwegazi okuvela lapho kuzoma ngokuphelele.

Lokhu kuyithinta kanjani imizimba yethu?

Isifo Sokugoba Kwe-Aortoiliac yisimo lapho ukugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni ye-Aorta ne-Iliac kuvimbekile. Lokhu kubangela izinkinga ezahlukahlukene ngoba igazi elinomoya-mpilo alifinyeleli ezicutshini zomzimba wethu ngendlela efanele. Ukuze uqonde lokhu, udinga ukwazi okuncane ngale mithambo yegazi.

I-'(Aorta)' yethu ifana nomgwaqo omkhulu edolobheni. Ukusuka kulo mgwaqo omkhulu, imigwaqo eminingi eseceleni ithatha igazi iye ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba. Isibonelo, i-'(Renal arteries)`, ehlinzeka ngegazi ezinso zethu, ihlukana ne-`(Aorta).` Lokhu kuhlukana kungumkhawulo ophezulu lapho i-`(Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease)` ingaqala khona. Odokotela babiza ingxenye ye-`(Aorta)` ngaphansi kwale `(Renal arteries)`, kuze kufike enkabeni, ngokuthi yi-`(Infrarenal aorta)`.

Manje, phansi kwekhanda, le `(Aorta)` ihlukana kabili , njengo-'Y' obheke phansi . Lena yimithambo yegazi emibili ebizwa ngokuthi `(umthambo we-iliac ovamile)`. Lawa magatsha ahlukana futhi ahlinzeke ngegazi ezingxenyeni ezilandelayo zomzimba wethu:

• Indawo yesinqe
• Imilenze nezinyawo
• Indawo yenqulu
• Izingxenye zesimiso sokuzala sabesilisa nabesifazane
• Izitho zomgodi we-pelvic (isb., isinyi, isibindi)

Ubunzima besifo buxhomeke ekutheni iyiphi ingxenye yalesi 'Y' evalekile nokuthi ivalekile kangakanani. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma kunendawo encane kuphela evalekile, kungase kungabi khona zimpawu ezinkulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi igazi lingahamba ngezinga elithile ngeminye imithambo emincane. Kodwa uma livalekile kakhulu, izimpawu ziba zimbi kakhulu futhi amathuba okuba nezinkinga aphezulu.

Ubani okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi athole lesi sifo?

Kulinganiselwa ukuthi lesi sifo sithinta abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyisithupha abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40 e-United States kuphela. Ingozi yokusithola iyanda njengoba sikhula. Isibonelo, cishe abantu abangu-5% abaseminyakeni yabo yo-50 banaso, kodwa abantu abangaphezu kuka-20% abaseminyakeni yabo yo-80 bangase babe naso. Futhi, lesi simo sivame kakhulu kwabesilisa nakubantu abamnyama.

Ingabe lokhu kungaba yingozi empilweni?

Yebo, uma ingelashwa kahle, i-Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu, ngezinye izikhathi ezisongela ukuphila. Lezi yizona eziyinhloko ezingase zenzeke:

• Ukunqunywa kwezicubu: Lokhu kusho ukunqunywa nokususwa kwengxenye yomzimba, njengomlenze. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba izicubu ziyafa lapho igazi linqanyulwa.
• `(Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo)` (Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo): Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
• `(Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo)` (Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo): Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo.
• `(I-Gangrene): Ukufa nokubola kwezicubu.

Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunaka lezi zimpawu.

Ziyini izimpawu?

Abanye abantu bangase bangabi nazo nhlobo izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, uma benezimpawu, zingase zihlanganise:

• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Erectile (ED): Ukungakwazi kwamadoda ukufeza noma ukugcina ukuma ngesikhathi socansi. Lokhu kungahlotshaniswa nalesi sifo.
• `(Intermittent claudication)` (Intermittent claudication): Lesi yisibonakaliso esikhulu abantu abaningi abasibonayo. Lapho bezivocavoca, isibonelo, ngenkathi behamba, kuba nobuhlungu, ukuqina, noma ukuqina ezinqeni noma emilenzeni. Kuyancipha ngemva kokuphumula isikhashana. Cabanga ukuthi edolobhaneni lakithi, lapho uMalume uSomapala eya esitolo, ngemva kokuhamba ibanga elifushane, uyama athi, "Ah, umlenze wami!", futhi ngemva kwesikhashana, uyahamba futhi. Leso yisimo esifanayo.
• Ubuhlungu Bokuphumula: Ubuhlungu emilenzeni obukuvusa ebusuku. Lobuhlungu bungenzeka ikakhulukazi uma imilenze yakho iphakeme, njengoba amandla adonsela phansi enciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi emilenzeni.
• Izilonda: Amanxeba angapholi esikhumbeni, aziwa ngokuthi izilonda, angabonakala emilenzeni noma ezinyaweni.

Uma unalezi zimpawu, kufanele nakanjani ubonane nodokotela. Ngoba uma ubona izimpawu ze-'Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease' kusenesikhathi, kulula ukwelapha.

Udokotela wakho uzohlola nezinkinga zokugeleza kwegazi kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho, njengemithambo ye-carotid entanyeni yakho noma imithambo ye-coronary enhliziyweni yakho. Ngokuvamile, uma i-plaque inqwabelana engxenyeni eyodwa yomzimba wakho, kungenzeka ukuthi ikwakhiwe nakwezinye izingxenye.

Isimo Esiphuthumayo: Ukuvaleka Okubukhali Kwemithambo Yemithambo

Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, lapho isimo siba sibi kakhulu, kungenzeka kube nesimo esiphuthumayo esibizwa ngokuthi "ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi okunamandla" . Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingxenye yomzimba wakho, ngokuvamile umlenze noma unyawo, ayinalo igazi elinomoya-mpilo. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha! Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'ama-Ps ayisithupha' futhi kunezimpawu ezimbalwa:

• Ubuhlungu: Ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki, obukhulu . Lena yinto yokuqala oyizwayo.
• Umbala okhanyayo: Isikhumba emlenzeni othintekile siba mhlophe kakhulu.
• Ukuntuleka kwe-pulse: I-pulse kuleyo ndawo ibuthakathaka kakhulu, noma ayizwakali nhlobo.
• I-Poikilothermia (ukubanda): Uma uthintwa, lowo mlenze uzizwa ubanda kakhulu kunomunye.
• I-Paresthesia (ukuba ndikindiki): Kuzwakala sengathi umlenze wakho undikindiki, njengezintuthwane ezigijima nxazonke, noma njengezikhonkwane nezinaliti .
• Ukukhubazeka: Isitho esithintekile asikwazi ukuzwakala noma ukushukunyiswa.

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, shayela u-911 noma uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha! Umzuzu ngamunye ubalulekile. Uma ukugeleza kwegazi kuvinjiwe isikhathi eside, kulapho umonakalo omkhulu ezicutshini. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungase kwenzeke ukunqunywa noma ngisho nokufa.

Yiziphi izizathu zalokhu?

Imbangela eyinhloko yalesi 'Sifo Esivimbayo Se-Aortoiliac' yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi '(Atherosclerosis)' . Kalula nje, lokhu kusho ukuthi '(i-Plaque)' okukhulunywe ngayo ngaphambilini iyanda kancane kancane ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yomzimba. Kulesi sifo, leso '(i-Plaque)' sihlala engxenyeni engezansi ye-'(Aorta)' kanye ne-'(Iliac arteries)'.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, kungase kube nezinye izizathu eziningana ezingavamile:

• Uma uke welashwa ngemisebe endaweni ye-pelvic.
• Ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Vasculitis".

Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ingozi?

Njengoba noma ubani engaba nesifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, noma ubani angasithola lesi sifo. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezithile ezandisa ingozi:

• Ukuguga: Ingozi iyanda njengoba iminyaka ikhula.
• Umlando womndeni: Uma kukhona emndenini wakho onesifo se-Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD), tshela udokotela wakho ngaso.
• Ukubhema: Lokhu kuyisici esiyingozi kakhulu! Ukubhema kuyisici esiyingozi kakhulu salesi sifo, kanye nezinye izifo zemithambo yegazi. Uma ubhema, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna usizo lokuyeka.
• Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha:
• `Isifo Sikashukela`
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• 'I-cholesterol ephezulu'
• `I-Takayasu's arteritis` (lesi futhi yisimo esingavamile esithinta imithambo yegazi)

Ungasithola kanjani lesi sifo?

Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukubona udokotela. Udokotela wakho uzokwenza okulandelayo ukuze axilonge lesi simo noma akhiphe esinye isizathu:

1. Ukubuza imibuzo:

• Ziyini izimpawu zakho?
• Kusukela nini lokhu kube khona?
• Uzizwa nini kakhulu lezi zinto?
• Ingabe kuyancipha uma wenza okuthile?
• Ingabe izimpawu ziya ziba zimbi kakhulu?
• Ingabe ukhona emndenini wakho onesifo esinjalo?
• Yiziphi ezinye izifo onazo?

2. Uhlola umzimba: Hlola impilo yakho iyonke.

3. Wenza izivivinyo eziningana:

• Inkomba ye-Ankle-brachial (ABI): Lokhu ukuhlolwa okulula, okungenabuhlungu. Umfutho wegazi ezingalweni nasemilenzeni yakho uyalinganiswa futhi uqhathaniswe. Lokhu kunikeza umbono ocacile wokuthi igazi ligeleza kahle kangakanani emilenzeni nasezinyaweni zakho.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kungakusiza ukuhlola izinto ezifana namazinga e-cholesterol kanye noshukela, kanye nezici zakho eziyingozi zesifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke.
• `(I-computed tomography angiogram (CTA))`: Lokhu kuyi-`CT scan` ekhethekile. Ingabona ngokucacile izinto njengokuthi `(i-plaque)` ikuphi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi nokuthi ivinjiwe kangakanani.
• I-Vascular ultrasound (ebizwa nangokuthi i-Doppler scan): Lokhu kusebenzisa namagagasi e-ultrasound ukubheka indlela igazi eligeleza ngayo ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi nokubona ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?

Ukwelashwa kuncike ebunzimeni besimo sakho. Ngezinye izikhathi izinguquko zendlela yokuphila kanye nemithi kungasiza ekulawuleni isimo futhi kunciphise ukuqhubeka kwesifo. Udokotela wakho angase akuncome okulandelayo:

• Imithi yokulwa nomfutho wegazi ophezulu .
• Imithi yokulwa nama-platelet, njenge-aspirin noma i-clopidogrel, iwumuthi onciphisa ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi .
• Izinguquko ekudleni: Ukulandela ukudla okunempilo, njengokudla kwaseMedithera noma ukudla kwe-DASH, kungasiza ekulawuleni izinto eziyingozi ezifana nesifo sikashukela kanye ne-cholesterol.
• Ukuzivocavoca: Ukuzivocavoca njalo njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho kunganciphisa izinto eziningi eziyingozi futhi kuthuthukise ukugeleza kwegazi emilenzeni yakho.
• Imithi ekhethekile (isib. i-Cilostazol) yobuhlungu bemilenze obuvela lapho uhamba (`Intermittent claudication`).
• Imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol (`ama-Statins`).
• Ukuyeka ukubhema nokusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi ngokuphelele kuyinto ebalulekile.

Uma lezi zinto zingalawuli lesi sifo, ungase udinge izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass: Kudalwa indlela entsha yokudlula umthambo wegazi ovalekile. Lokhu kufana ne-coronary artery bypass. Indawo yokuvaleka kanye nalapho i-bypass iqala futhi iphela khona kungahluka kuye ngesimo sakho sempilo.
• `(Ukubekwa kwe-Stent)`: I-`(Stent)` encane efana ne-mesh ifakwa ngaphakathi komthambo wegazi ovinjiwe ukuze iwunwebe. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi. Odokotela bangasebenzisa izindlela ze-`(Endovascular)`, okusho ukufaka le `(Stent)` ngembobo encane ngaphandle kokwenza ukusika okukhulu.

Ukwelashwa ngakunye kunezinzuzo nezinkinga zako, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuxoxa ngakho konke lokhu nodokotela wakho bese unquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu kuwe.

Ingabe lesi sifo singavinjelwa?

Kungase kungenzeki ukukuvimbela ngokuphelele, kodwa kunezinto eziningi esingazenza ukuze sinciphise ingozi:

• Yeka ukubhema kanye nayo yonke imikhiqizo kagwayi.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo okunamafutha agcwele, i-cholesterol, usawoti kanye noshukela.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo njengoba uqondiswe udokotela wakho.
• Lawula umfutho wegazi lakho, amazinga kashukela egazini, kanye namazinga e-cholesterol.
• Thatha umuthi onikezwe udokotela ngesikhathi.
• Thola ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okungenani kanye ngonyaka.

Uma unezici ezibangela lesi sifo noma i-atherosclerosis, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Uma uqala ngokushesha ukulawula izici zakho ezibangela ingozi, amathuba akho okuvimbela izinkinga ezinkulu kamuva ayanda.

Kwenzekani uma nginalesi sifo?

Ukuze wazi ngokuqinisekile ngesimo sakho, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho. Ukwelashwa okufana nokuhlinzwa kwe-Bypass kanye nokubekwa kwe-Stent kuvame ukuphumelela futhi imiphumela ihlala isikhathi eside. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela okwengeziwe ngalokho ongakulindela ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho mayelana nokushintsha kwendlela yokuphila kanye nemithi ngqo. Kubalulekile futhi ukusebenzisana nodokotela wakho ngenkuthalo ekwelashweni kwakho kwezokwelapha. Lokho kusho ukuthi:

• Buza udokotela wakho imininingwane ngesimo sakho bese usiqonda kahle.
• Uma kukhona ongakuqondi, buza imibuzo. Ungesabi, udokotela ukhona ukuzokusiza.
• Thola ukuthi yini ongayenza ukuze uvimbele lesi sifo ukuba singabi sibi kakhulu.
• Funda ukuthi ziyini izimpawu nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma zivela.
• Qaphela izindlela zokwelapha.
• Buza udokotela wakho ngezinsizakusebenza namaqembu okusekela angakusiza. Lokhu kuzokusiza uhlangane nabanye abantu abasesimweni esifanayo nawe futhi wabelane ngolwazi lwakho.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Thola ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okungenani kanye ngonyaka. Qiniseka ukuthi uya emihlanganweni yokulandelela udokotela wakho akunike yona. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi kufanele uze kangaki nokuthi yiziphi izivivinyo okudingeka uzenze.

Futhi, uma uthola izimpawu ezintsha noma uma izimpawu zakho ezikhona zishintsha, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Khumbula njengesifinyezo

Isifo Esibangelwa Ukuvaleka Kwemithambo Yenhliziyo (Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease) uhlobo lwesifo semithambo yegazi engaphandle. Singathikameza ikhwalithi yempilo yakho futhi singaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ungenza okuthile nsuku zonke ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho futhi ulawule ukuqhubeka kwesifo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngendlela yokuphatha isimo sakho nokuthi yini ongayilindela esikhathini esizayo. Awuwedwa, futhi ungesabi ukucela usizo.

Isifo Sokuvinjelwa Kwemithambo Yegazi, Isifo Semithambo Engasogwini, I-PAD, Ukuvaleka Kwemithambo Yegazi, Ubuhlungu Bemilenze, I-Atherosclerosis, I-Plaque, I-Embolus, I-Intermittent Claudication, I-Stent, Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Bypass