Unemibuzo mayelana nezifo ezingavamile? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu!

Wake wezwa, noma wake wezwa kothile emndenini wakho noma kumngane wakho, ngesifo esingavamile kakhulu nesingavamile esithinta abantu kuphela? Ngezinye izikhathi kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuthola ukuthi siyini lesi sifo. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngezifo ezingavamile kangaka. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ngalezi, ngoba awazi ukuthi sizoludinga nini lolu lwazi.

Iyini isifo esingavamile?

Kalula nje, isifo esingavamile yisifo esithinta inani elincane kakhulu labantu emphakathini. Manje, bheka, ezweni elifana neMelika, isifo esithinta abantu abangaphansi kwezinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amabili sibhekwa njengesifo esingavamile. ENgilandi, isifo esithinta abantu abangaphansi koyedwa kwabangu-2,000. Ngokusho kwe-World Health Organization (WHO), izifo ezithinta abantu abangaphansi kuka-65 kwabangu-100,000 ziwela kulesi sigaba. Ngakho-ke uyabona, incazelo yalokhu iyahlukahluka kancane kuye ngamazwe.

Kuze kube manje, abacwaningi bathole izifo ezingavamile ezingaphezu kuka-7,000! Cabanga nje, zonke lezi zifo zithinta abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-300 emhlabeni jikelele, iningi labo eliyizingane ezincane. Kukhona nabantu abanezifo ezinjalo eSri Lanka, kodwa akukhulunywa kakhulu ngazo.

Cabanga nje ukube wena noma othile omaziyo ubenesifo esingavamile njengalesi. Bekungaba nzima kangakanani lokho?

• Kungathatha iminyaka ukuthola ukuthi isifo siyini ngempela. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nangemva kokuya kudokotela ngamunye nokuhlolwa njalo, lesi sifo asikwazi ukutholakala.
• Izimpawu zalezi zifo zingafana nezezinye izifo ezivamile, ngakho-ke akubonakali ngokushesha ukuthi lesi yisifo esingavamile.
• Izimpawu zingenza kube nzima ukusebenza kahle empilweni yansuku zonke, ukusebenza, noma ukwenza imisebenzi yasekhaya. Kwabanye, ukuqeda usuku kungaba yinselele enkulu.
• Izifo eziningi ezingavamile azinazo izindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo.
• Ukuphila nesifo esinjengalesi kungaba umthwalo omkhulu wezezimali emindenini. Kungaba nzima ukukhokhela izindleko zemithi nokwelashwa.
• Isiguli kanye nalabo abamnakekelayo bazizwa bekhathele kakhulu ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba.

Kodwa isayensi iyaqhubeka usuku nosuku. Ososayensi abacwaninga ngezifo ezinjengalezi bahlala bezama ukuthola izimbangela nokuthuthukisa izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha. Ngakho ungakhathazeki.

Ingabe ukhona umehluko phakathi kwezifo ezingelabazali kanye nezifo ezingavamile?

Abantu abaningi basebenzisa amagama athi "isifo sezintandane" kanye "nesifo esingavamile" ngokushintshana. Kodwa kunomehluko omncane. Izifo zezintandane yizifo abacwaningi abangazange benze ucwaningo oluningi ngazo, noma nhlobo (lokhu kungafaka phakathi izifo ezingavamile). Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa yizindleko eziphezulu zocwaningo.

Kodwa manje isimo siyashintsha kancane. Ohulumeni nezinhlangano ezahlukene emhlabeni wonke sebeqalile ukwabela imali yocwaningo "ngemithi yezintandane" ukuze bathole izindlela zokwelapha "izifo zezintandane" ezinjalo.

Yiziphi ezinye zezifo ezingavamile?

Njengoba sesishilo ngaphambili, kunezinkulungwane zezifo ezingavamile. Ezinye zazo cishe uke wezwa ngazo. Ezinye azidumile kangako. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• I-Acromegaly
• I-Alice in Wonderland syndrome
• I-Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
• I-anemia ye-Aplastic
• I-cystic fibrosis
• I-Duchenne muscular dystrophy
• I-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
• Isifo sikaFabry
• Isifo seGaucher
• Isifo sikaHuntington
• I-Mesothelioma
• Isifo somchamo wesiraphu ye-maple
• Isifo se-sickle cell

La magama angase azwakale engavamile, kodwa zonke lezi yizimo ezingavamile ezithinta abantu.

Yiziphi izimbangela zezifo ezingavamile?

Kungaba nezizathu ezahlukahlukene zokuvela kwezifo ezingavamile. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zezimbangela:

1. Izakhi zofuzo: Izinguquko ezakhiweni zofuzo ziyimbangela eyinhloko yezifo eziningi ezingavamile. Lezi zinguquko ezakhiweni zofuzo zingazuzwa kubazali bakho (ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo), noma zingavela ngokungahleliwe emzimbeni wakho ngaphandle kokuba amalungu omndeni abe nazo (ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo).

2. Amagciwane/Ama-Microbes: Ukutheleleka okubangelwa amanye amagciwane kungaba yinto engavamile kakhulu. Isibonelo, izifo ezifana nesifo sofuba azivamile kwamanye amazwe kodwa zivamile kwamanye.

3. Ubuthi: Amanye amakhemikhali angaba nomthelela omubi emzimbeni futhi abangele izifo. Isibonelo, ukuchayeka ku-asbestos kungabangela i-mesothelioma, umdlavuza wamaphaphu ongavamile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kube nezinye izizathu:

• Ukungatholi ivithamini noma amaminerali anele (Ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo).
• Izingozi `(Ukulimala)`.
• Imiphumela engalindelekile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwesinye isifo.

Ngezinye izikhathi, kunezimo lapho kungatholakali khona imbangela yalezi zifo ezingavamile.

Ziyini izimpawu zalezi zifo?

Izimpawu zezifo ezingavamile zihluke kakhulu komunye nomunye. Ziyahlukahluka kuye ngesifo. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ngezinye izikhathi lezi zimpawu zifana kakhulu nezimpawu zezinye izifo ezivamile. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukubona lesi sifo ngokunembile. Abanye abantu bangase bangakhombisi nhlobo izimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala.

Uma uzwa ubuhlungu bomzimba, ukukhathala okuqhubekayo, futhi ungakwazi ukuthola imbangela, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.

Zitholakala kanjani izifo ezingavamile?

Ukuthola isifo esingavamile kuvame ukuba yinselele. Kunezizathu eziningana zalokhu:

• Izimpawu ezifana nezezinye izifo.
• Izifo eziningi azivamile kangangokuthi ngisho nodokotela abaziboni njalo, okwenza kube nzima ukuzixilonga.

Kungathatha iminyaka ukuthola ukuthi kwenzekani emzimbeni wakho. Odokotela bazobuza ngezimpawu zakho futhi benze izivivinyo, njengokuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nokuhlolwa kwezithombe, ukuze bathole okwengeziwe. Odokotela bayaqonda ukuthi le nqubo ingaba yinto ecindezelayo futhi ekhungathekisayo. Bazokwenza konke okusemandleni abo ukukusiza ukuthi uxilonge lesi simo, noma bakuthumele kochwepheshe abanolwazi kule ndawo.

Uthola kanjani ukuthi ingane inalezi zifo?

Emazweni afana neMelika, zonke izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zithola uchungechunge lwezivivinyo ezikhethekile ezibizwa ngokuthi "ukuhlolwa kwezinsana." Lezi zivivinyo zisetshenziselwa ukuthola izifo ezithile ezingabonakali ekuqaleni, kodwa ezingase zibe khona enganeni (isib. isifo se-sickle cell, i-cystic fibrosis). Lezi "zivivinyo zezinsana" ziyindlela ebaluleke kakhulu yokubona izifo ezingavamile ezinganeni ezincane. Uma lesi sifo sitholakala kusenesikhathi, ukwelashwa kungaqalwa enganeni ngokushesha okukhulu. Ezinye zalezi zivivinyo zenziwa naseSri Lanka.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha izifo ezingavamile?

Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha izifo ezingavamile:

• Imithi
• Izithako zokudla okunempilo noma izinguquko ekudleni
• Ukwelashwa emsebenzini
• Ezinye izinqubo noma ukuhlinzwa
• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba
• Ukusetshenziswa kwamadivayisi ezokwelapha akhethekile

Imigomo yokwelashwa iyahlukahluka kuye ngesifo:

• Ukwelapha lesi sifo ngokuphelele (lokhu kuvame ukuba nzima ukukwenza).
• Ukuvimbela lesi sifo ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu.
• Ukulawula izimpawu.

Ngokudabukisayo, izifo eziningi ezingavamile azinawo umuthi wokwelapha, kodwa abacwaningi bayaqhubeka nokusebenza ukuthola izindlela zokwelapha ezingasiza izigidi zabantu.

Ungabuza udokotela wakho mayelana nokwelashwa okusha kokuhlola (izivivinyo zemitholampilo) . Lezi yizifundo eziklanywe ngokucophelela lapho abacwaningi behlola khona ukuthi ukuhlolwa okuthile kanye nokwelashwa kusebenza kahle kangakanani. Ngokujoyina enye yalezi, ungase ukwazi ukuthola ukwelashwa kwakamuva, okungenzeka kube okusebenzayo kakhulu kwesimo sakho.

Qaphela noma yikuphi "ukwelashwa" noma "ukwelashwa" okubonayo ku-inthanethi. Uma uhlangana nakho, kubonise udokotela wakho. Angakutshela ukuthi kukufanele yini, ukuthi kuyasiza yini, noma ukuthi kumane nje kuwukuchitha imali noma ukuthi kuyingozi kuwe. Ezinye izinto zingase zingakusizi nhlobo, kanti ezinye zingase zikulimaze.

Ikusasa liphetheni ngomuntu onesifo esingavamile?

Ikusasa lakho, noma ukuthi ikusasa liphetheni, kuncike ezintweni eziningana:

• Siyini isimo sakho sezokwelapha ?
• Indlela lesi sifo esatholakala ngokushesha ngayo .
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo ?
• Yiziphi ezinye izinkinga zempilo onazo?

Odokotela bakho bangakutshela okwengeziwe ngalezi zinto. Abantu abaningi abanezifo ezingavamile baphila impilo ejabulisayo nende. Ngeshwa, ezinye izifo ezingavamile zinganciphisa isikhathi sokuphila komuntu.

Khumbula, wonke umuntu uhlukile. Nakuba ungafunda okuningi ngokukhuluma nabanye abanesimo esifana nesakho, uhambo lwakho lungase luhluke. Isibonelo, ungadumali uma ukwelashwa okusebenzele omunye umuntu kungasebenzi kuwe. Odokotela bakho bazoqhubeka nokusebenza nawe ukuthola izinketho ezingcono kakhulu kuwe.

Ingabe izifo ezingavamile zingavinjelwa?

Ngenxa yokuthi izifo eziningi ezingavamile zibangelwa izici zofuzo, kuncane kakhulu esingakwenza ukuze sizivimbele. Uma wena noma umlingani wakho ninesifo esingavamile futhi nihlela ukuba nomntwana, kungaba usizo ukufuna ukwelulekwa ngofuzo . Umeluleki angachaza amathuba okuthi ingane yakho izoba nalesi sifo.

Kunini lapho udinga ukubonana nodokotela wakho?

Uma uba nezimpawu ezintsha noma uma izimpawu zakho zishintsha ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile, bona udokotela. Uma usubone odokotela abaningana futhi bengakwazi ukuthola imbangela, ungacela ukudluliselwa esikhungweni sezokwelapha esikhethekile ekuxilongeni, ekwelapheni, nasekucwaningeni ngezifo ezingavamile.

Imibuzo ebalulekile okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho

Nazi ezinye zemibuzo ezizokusiza ukuthi ufunde kabanzi ngemva kokuthola ukuxilongwa:

• Ngingene kanjani kulesi simo?
• Ngingazitholaphi izindlela zokwelapha? Zenziwa kanjani?
• Ungathini ngekusasa lami?
• Ungancoma yini ukuthi uhlanganyele esivivinyweni somtholampilo sokwelashwa okusha kokuhlola?
• Ingabe kuwumqondo omuhle ukuba nomndeni wami uhlolwe izakhi zofuzo?
• Ungangixhumanisa namaqembu okusekela iziguli anjengalawa?

Ngingalutholaphi ulwazi kanye nokusekelwa?

Ukuphila nesifo esingavamile kungaba nesizungu kakhulu ngezinye izikhathi. Kungaba nzima ukuthola abanye abazali abaqonda isimo sakho, ikakhulukazi uma ingane yakho itholakale inalesi sifo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngendlela ongakha ngayo inethiwekhi yabantu nezinsiza wena nomndeni wakho eningaphendukela kuzo ukuze nithole ukwesekwa. Isibonelo, kungase kube namathuba okujoyina amaqembu okusekela iziguli aku-inthanethi noma izivivinyo zemitholampilo.

ESri Lanka, ezinye izibhedlela nazo zinodokotela abangochwepheshe abasiza abantu abanezifo ezingavamile. Futhi, ezinye izinhlangano zokuzithandela zinikeza usizo ezigulini ezinjalo kanye nemindeni yazo. Ngakho-ke yenza ucwaningo oluthile.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sizikhumbule

Ukuphila nesifo esingavamile akulula, kodwa khumbula ukuthi awuwedwa.

• Thola ulwazi olufanele. Funda ngesifo sakho, ukwelashwa kwaso, kanye nocwaningo lwakamuva.
• Xhumana nethimba lezokwelapha elihle. Thola odokotela nabasebenzi bezempilo abakuqondayo nabakusekelayo.
• Joyina amaqembu okusekelana. Ukukhuluma nabantu abaye baba nokuhlangenwe nakho okufana nokwakho kuwumthombo omkhulu wamandla.
• Ungalilahli ithemba. Isayensi iyathuthuka, futhi kuyeza izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha.

Sisazi okuncane kakhulu ngezifo eziningi ezingavamile. Kodwa abacwaningi bathola izinto ezintsha nsuku zonke. Ngakho-ke bhekana nale nselele ngesibindi. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi kukhona ongakusiza, umuntu ozokulalela.

Izifo Ezingavamile , Izifo Eziyizintandane, Izifo Zofuzo, Ukuxilongwa Kwezokwelapha, Ukugula Okungapheli, Ukusekelwa Kwesiguli, Izivivinyo Zemitholampilo