Ingabe ingane yakho yazalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi? Funda nge-apnea yokungavuthwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi

Ingabe ingane yakho encane yafika kuleli zwe kusenesikhathi? Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane njengomama noma ubaba ngezikhathi ezinjalo. Ungase uzibuze ngokuphefumula kwengane yakho, ikakhulukazi. Ngakho-ke, inkinga yokuphefumula esizokhuluma ngayo namuhla 'yi-Apnea of ​​​​Prematurity', engenzeka ezinganeni ezizalwa ngaphambi kosuku lwazo lokuzalwa, okungukuthi, ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-37 okukhulelwa. Ungakhathazeki, lokhu kuvame ukuba okwesikhashana, futhi odokotela bayazi ukuthi bangasiza kanjani ngalokhu.

Kuyini i-Apnea ye-Prematurity?

Kalula nje, izingxenye zomzimba zomntwana ozelwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ikakhulukazi izinhlelo ezimsiza ukuba aphefumule, azikakhuli ngokugcwele. Cabanga ngakho, amaphaphu abo amancane, isikhungo sokuphefumula ebuchosheni babo, konke lokhu 'kusafunda'. Ngakho-ke, abakakulungeli ukuphefumula ngesigqi esifanele. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngezinye izikhathi ukuphefumula kwabo kuyama imizuzwana embalwa. Yilokhu odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi 'ama-apneic spells'.

Ungase wesabe uma uzwa lokhu, "O, ingane yami ayiphefumuli kahle?" Kodwa lesi simo sivamile ezinganeni ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Futhi odokotela bayazi ukuthi bangasiphatha kanjani. Ingane yakho izochitha isikhathi esithile e-Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Lapho, odokotela nabahlengikazi bazohlala beqapha isimo somntwana futhi bamnike ukwelashwa okuzomsiza aphefumule. Uma ingane yakho isikwazi ukuphefumula ngendlela evamile, ngaphandle kosizo, izokwazi ukuya ekhaya.

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?

Manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ingane ene-Apnea of ​​​​Prematurity engazibonisa:

• Ukuphefumula kuyeke imizuzwana eyi-15 noma engama-20, mhlawumbe isikhathi eside nakakhulu.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuhamba kancane. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'i-bradycardia'.
• Amazinga aphansi omoya-mpilo egazini. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-hypoxemia. Lokhu kungabangela isikhumba somntwana, ikakhulukazi izindebe nolimi, ukuthi sibonakale siluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, simhlophe, siphuzi-mpunga, noma simpunga. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-cyanosis.

Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuphefumula komntwana kungayeka isikhathi esingaphansi kwemizuzwana eyi-15. Kodwa-ke, uma kukhona ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuhamba kancane (i-bradycardia) noma amazinga aphansi omoya-mpilo (i-hypoxemia), lokhu kubhekwa njengophawu lwalesi simo 'sokuphelelwa umoya'.

Okubalulekile: Lokhu kufanele kuhlukaniswe nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi 'ukuphefumula okuvamile'. Ukuphefumula okuvamile yilapho izingane ziphuza khona isikhashana (ngaphansi kwemizuzwana eyi-10) ekuphefumuleni kwazo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akubangeli ukwehla kwesilinganiso senhliziyo noma amazinga omoya-mpilo. Ngemva kwalokho, ziphefumula ngokushesha. Lokhu kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile.

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka ezinganeni zethu? (Izimbangela ze-Apnea Yokungakhuli Ngaphambi Kwesikhathi)

Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu (i-Apnea of ​​​​Prematurity) ukuthi, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, izindlela zokuphefumula zengane kanye nesikhungo sokuphefumula sobuchopho akukakhuli ngokugcwele. Lezi zingxenye ezimbili zisebenza ndawonye ukuvumela ingane ukuthi iphefumule kahle. Odokotela bahlukanisa lokhu kuphumula kokuphefumula kube izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ngokusekelwe kumbangela:

• I-Apnea Evimbelayo
• I-Apnea Ephakathi
• I-Apnea Exubile

Kuyini i-Obstructive Apnea?

Okwenzekayo kulesi simo ukuthi kukhona ukuvinjelwa kwemigudu yomoya yomntwana. Le migudu yomoya yileyo ethwala umoya ocebile nge-oksijini emaphashini futhi isuse i-carbon dioxide emaphashini. Ngakho-ke, ukuze umoya ugeleze kahle, le migudu yomoya kudingeka ivuleke.

Kodwa-ke, indlela yokuphefumula yomntwana okhulelwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi (ikakhulukazi ingxenye ephuma entanyeni) ingase ingabi namandla ngokwanele ukuyigcina ivulekile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Yilapho ukuphefumula kungayeka khona. Kufana nepayipi elincane elingavuli kahle bese libhajwa.

Kuyini i-Central Apnea?

Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-brainstem, isikhungo sobuchopho bomntwana esilawula ukuphefumula, singathumeli izimpawu ngesikhathi esifanele. Ngokuvamile, le brainstem ithumela izimpawu emisipheni yokuphefumula yomntwana - isibonelo, i-diaphragm kanye nemisipha ye-intercostal. Le misipha isiza ekudonseni umoya ungene futhi uphume emaphashini.

Kodwa-ke, uma i-brainstem yengane ingakakhuli ngokugcwele, izimpawu eziphuma kuyo azihlelekile futhi azithembekile. Yingakho ukuphefumula kungayeka phakathi. Kunjengokungathi umyalo ovela ebuchosheni wokuthi "phefumula!" awufiki ngesikhathi.

Kuyini i-Mixed Apnea?

Okwenzekayo kulesi simo ukuthi kunenkinga ngendlela yokuphefumula kwengane, futhi izimpawu ezivela esikhungweni sokulawula ukuphefumula kobuchopho aziveli kahle. Kubonakala sengathi zombili lezi zizathu ezishiwo ngenhla ziyahlangana. Lolu hlobo lwe-apnea luvame ukubonakala ezinganeni ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Odokotela bakubona kanjani lokhu?

Lesi simo (i-Apnea of ​​​​Prematurity) sitholakala e-Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) lapho umntwana ekhona. Lena yingxenye yesibhedlela lapho kugcinwa khona izingane ezidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Uma ingane yakho yazalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kungase kudingeke ihlale e-NICU isikhashana ngaphambi kokuba ibuyele ekhaya.

Ngesikhathi umntwana ese-NICU, odokotela nabahlengikazi bahlala beqapha lezi zinto:

• Isilinganiso senhliziyo
• Indlela yokuphefumula
• Izinga le-oxygen egazini

Lawa ma-monitor athumela izimpawu uma ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane kwehla noma uma ukuphefumula kuyeka isikhashana. Odokotela basebenzisa idatha evela kule mishini kanye nokubonwa kwabahlengikazi ukuze bathole isimo.

Ngezinye izikhathi, lokhu kuphumula kokuphefumula ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa kungaba uphawu lwezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Isibonelo, ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic, ukopha kobuchopho, kanye nezifo. Ngakho-ke, odokotela baqala ngokuhlola ingane ukuze babone ukuthi ikhona yini eminye imibandela yezokwelapha efana nalezi. Kuphela ngemva kokukhipha zonke ezinye izimbangela, lapho banganquma khona ngokuqinisekile ukuthi lokhu kuyi-Apnea of ​​​​Prematurity.

I-Apnea Yokungakhuli Kahle ichazwa njengokuma kokuphefumula kwengane ngoba yazalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, futhi izinhlelo zayo zezinzwa nezokuphefumula azikakhuli ngokugcwele. Ngakho-ke, kuze kube yilapho umzimba wayo usukulungele ukwenza lezi zinto wodwa, idinga usizo oluncane lokuphefumula.

Iyini indlela yokwelapha lokhu?

Ukwelashwa kwe-Apnea of ​​Prematurity kuvame ukuba yinye noma zombili lezi zinto ezilandelayo:

• Imithi (ngokuvamile i-caffeine citrate)
• Ukusiza ukuphefumula

Kungani i-caffeine ingezwa kulokhu?

I-caffeine citrate umuthi osetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-Apnea yokungavuthwa kahle. Njengokushaqeka esikutholayo lapho siphuza ikhofi ekuseni, lo muthi uvuselela isimiso sezinzwa somntwana. Lo 'kuvuka' kusiza isikhungo sokuphefumula sobuchopho bomntwana kanye namaseli ezinzwa athumele izimpawu ezilawula ukuphefumula.

Leli philisi le-caffeine linciphisa inani leziphonso ze-apneic ingane enazo. Liphinde lisize ekunciphiseni isikhathi salokhu kuphumula kokuphefumula.

Ukusekelwa Kokuphefumula

Ngezinye izikhathi indlela yokuphefumula ephezulu yengane, i-pharynx kanye ne-larynx, idinga usizo oluncane ukuze ihlale ivulekile. Kulesi simo, odokotela bavame ukusebenzisa indlela ebizwa ngokuthi i-Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP). Kulokhu, ingane iphefumulela yodwa. Kodwa-ke, umoya uthunyelwa ngamapayipi amabili amancane afakwe emakhaleni engane. Lokhu kunciphisa ingozi yokuma kokuphefumula okubangelwa ukuvaleka komoya.

Cabanga nje, uma uphefumula umoya omncane ebhaluni elincane, kubonakala sengathi liyafutha, le CPAP isiza ukugcina indlela yokuphefumula ivulekile.

Uma ingane yakho iqhubeka nokuphelelwa umoya okukhulu, ingadinga 'umoya wokuphefumula wemishini'. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umshini (i-ventilator) uzokwenza ukuphefumula kwengane kuze kube yilapho umzimba wengane usukwazi ukuphefumula wodwa. Lokhu kungokwesikhashana nje.

Uma ingane yami inalesi simo, yini okufanele ngiyilindele?

Ukuphelelwa umoya kokungavuthwa kahle yisimo sesikhashana . Njengoba ingane ikhula futhi ikhula, lezi zimpawu zizoncipha kancane kancane. Ingane yakho ingadinga ukuhlala e-NICU amasonto ambalwa, noma ngisho nezinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Lapho, izothola ukwelashwa hhayi nje kuphela ngezinkinga zokuphefumula, kodwa futhi nanoma yiziphi ezinye izinkinga ezingase zivele ngokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Odokotela bazokutshela ukuthi ingane kuzodingeka ihlale isikhathi esingakanani ku-NICU nokuthi yini okudingeka yenzeke ukuze ingane iyiswe ekhaya ngokuphepha.

Ngokuvamile, odokotela bazonquma isikhathi esiphephile sokumisa ukwelashwa komntwana. Ngemva kokumiswa kokwelashwa, bazobheka ukuthi umzimba womntwana usabela kanjani kukho. Ngaphambi kokuba umntwana athunyelwe ekhaya, kuzodingeka abe lapho izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga zokuphefumula. Ubude balesi "sikhathi sokubuka" buzoncika ekutheni umntwana ubengakafiki isikhathi esingakanani kanye nempilo yakhe iyonke.

Iningi lezinsana alidingi ukubhekwa okuqhubekayo ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya. Kodwa-ke, uma ingane yakho idinga ukubhekwa, udokotela wakho uzochaza ngqo ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze. Uma kukhona ongaqiniseki ngakho noma uma unenkinga ngokunakekela ingane yakho ekhaya, qiniseka ukuthi ubuza udokotela wakho noma umhlengikazi. Bazokunikeza lonke ulwazi oludingayo ukuze ujwayele le ndawo entsha.

Ukuphelelwa yisikhathi kokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi kuyisimo esivamile ezinganeni ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, uma wazi ukuthi kuyinto evamile, akulula ukuba kude nosana lwakho uma ufuna ukulubamba. Uzozizwa unesizungu kakhulu futhi udangele ngenkathi ingane yakho ise-NICU. Kodwa-ke, khumbula njalo ukuthi lokhu kungokwesikhashana.

Odokotela nabahlengikazi e-NICU bazokusiza ukuthola izindlela zokuchitha isikhathi nomntwana wakho phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Bazokunikeza nolwazi mayelana nokuthi ukuphefumula komntwana wakho kukhula kanjani nokuthi ungalindela nini ukuthi umntwana wakho akwazi ukumyisa ekhaya.

Khumbula njengesifinyezo (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Uma ingane yakho ezalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ihlushwa yi-apnea yokungavuthwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kungaba yinto eyesabekayo kakhulu. Kodwa sicela ukhumbule:

• Lokhu kuvame ukuba okwesikhashana. Njengoba ingane ikhula, uhlelo lwayo lokuphefumula nalo luyaqina.
• Odokotela bayazi ukuthi bangakwelapha kanjani lokhu. Ingane yakho izothola ukunakekelwa okungcono kakhulu e-NICU.
• Awuwedwa. Kukhona abanye abazali abaye baba nokuhlangenwe nakho okufanayo, hhayi odokotela nabahlengikazi kuphela. Unganqikazi ukwabelana ngemizwa yakho nokucela usizo.
• Hlala unethemba. Nawe uzothola ithuba lokuya ekhaya nomntwana wakho ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezizayo.

Ngifisela ingane yakho ukululama okusheshayo!

Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi , i-apnea, ukuphefumula komntwana, i-NICU, impilo yomntwana, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukwelashwa nge-caffeine