Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi ukuthola kunzima ukuphefumula? Ingabe uzizwa ukuqina esifubeni sakho bese uqala ukukhwehlela uma uthinta uthuli noma uboya bezilwane ezifuywayo? Lokhu akuyona nje i-asthma njengoba ungase ucabange. Kungaba yisimo se-asthma esihlobene nokungezwani komzimba emzimbeni wethu. Namuhla sikhuluma ngalesi sifo esivame kakhulu, kodwa abantu abaningi abazi ngaso, i-asthma yokungezwani komzimba.
Kalula nje, iyini i-asthma yokungezwani komzimba?
Cabanga nje ukuthi umzimba wethu uyinqaba enesimiso sokuzivikela esiqinile. Le nqaba ihlola konke okungena kuyo. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lesi simiso sokuzivikela (isimiso sokuzivikela komzimba) senza iphutha. Uma sibona into engenangozi, isibonelo, uthuli, i-stamen yezimbali, noma uboya besilwane, sicabanga ukuthi yisitha esikhulu bese siqala impi enkulu.
Kule mpi, umzimba wethu ukhipha amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene. La makhemikhali abangela ukuthi imigudu yethu yomoya ivuvuke futhi iqine ngaphakathi. Njengoba nje umuntu ecindezela ipayipi lamanzi, kuba nzima ukuthi amanzi ageleze, kuba nzima ukuthi umoya ungene emaphashini ethu. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-asthma yokungezwani komzimba . Kalula nje, isimo sakho se-asthma senzeka uma uphefumula into onayo.
Eqinisweni, iningi labantu abane-asthma, cishe abangu-6 kwabayi-10, bane-asthma ebangelwa yilezi zinto zokungezwani komzimba . Ngakho-ke lokhu akuyona into eyenzeka kuwe kuphela, kuyisimo esivame kakhulu.
Ziyini izimpawu? Sikubona kanjani lokhu?
Umuntu one-asthma yokungezwani komzimba angase abe nezimpawu ze-asthma ezivamile kanye nezimpawu zokungezwani komzimba. Ukuze sikuqonde kahle lokhu, ake sihlukanise lezi zimpawu zibe yizigaba ezimbili.
| Izimpawu ezibangelwa yi-asthma | Izimpawu ezibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula kanye nokuphelelwa umoya. | Ukuminyana kwamakhala noma ikhala eligelezayo njalo. |
| Ukukhwehlela njalo, ikakhulukazi ebusuku. | Amehlo alumayo kanye nokuklebhuka. |
| Ukuzwa umsindo wokukhala kwekhwela onjengokuthi 'C... C...' lapho uphefumula (Ukuphefumula). | Ukucasuka kwesikhumba, ukubomvu, noma ukulunywa (ukuqubuka noma amaqhubu). |
| Ukuqina kwesifuba. | Umphimbo nekhala elilumayo. |
Uma ubhekene nokuthile okukubangela ukungezwani komzimba, uphawu olulodwa noma ngaphezulu lungavela ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Yiziphi lezi zinto ezibangela i-asthma?
Lezi zinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba zingatholakala noma kuphi endaweni esikuyo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu kuwe ukuthola ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela i-asthma yakho. Ngemuva kwalokho ungahlala kude nazo ngangokunokwenzeka.
| I-Allergen | Bakuphi? |
|---|---|
| Izilwane ezifuywayo | I-pet dander yizinhlayiya ezincane eziwela eboyeni, ematheni, emchameni, nasesikhumbeni sezilwane ezifana nezinja namakati. |
| Impova | Kufana nothuli oluqongelela emoyeni oluvela ezihlahleni, ezimbalini, nasetshanini. Kunokunye okuningi kwalokhu emoyeni ngezikhathi ezithile. |
| Isikhunta | Ikhula ezindaweni ezimanzi, isibonelo, ezindongeni zendlu yokugezela, ngaphansi kwezinki, kanye nasezincwadini ezindala. Ama-spores aqongelela emoyeni ngenxa yalokhu angabangela i-asthma uma ephefumula. |
| Izibungu zothuli | Ziyizidalwa ezincane kakhulu ukuthi zingabonwa ngamehlo enyama. Zihlala emacansini ethu, emicamelweni, emashidini okulala, esofeni nasemakhaphethini. Zidla amangqamuzana esikhumba sabantu afile. |
| Amaphela | Indle, amathe, kanye nezingxenye zomzimba zalezi zilwane kungaba yizinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba okunamandla. |
Abanye abantu bangase babe nokwanda kwesifo sabo sesifuba ngenxa yokudla okuthile (ukungezwani nokudla), kodwa lokhu akuvamile.
Ingabe lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu?
Yebo. I-asthma ye-allergy ingathinta impilo yakho yansuku zonke uma ingalawulwa kahle.
- Ukuphazamiseka kokulala: Ukukhwehlela nobunzima bokuphefumula ebusuku kungenza kube nzima ukulala kahle.
- Ukulahlekelwa yisikole noma umsebenzi: Uma i-asthma iba yimbi kakhulu, ungase ungakwazi ukuya esikoleni noma emsebenzini.
- Ukungakwazi ukuzivocavoca: Kufanele ugweme ukuzivocavoca ngoba uzizwa uphelelwa umoya uma ugijima noma ugxuma.
- Ukulaliswa esibhedlela njalo: Kunezimo eziningi zokulaliswa esibhedlela lapho kwenzeka khona ukuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya.
Udokotela uhlonza kanjani lokhu?
Udokotela wakho uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho bese ekuxilonga. Ngemuva kwalokho, angenza izivivinyo ezithile ukuthola ukuthi ngabe yi-asthma noma i-allergy.
- I-Spirometry: Lokhu ukuhlolwa okulinganisa ukuphefumula kwakho. Ucelwa ukuthi uphefumule ngokujulile ungene epayipini bese ukhipha umoya ngamandla. Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa ukuthi amaphaphu akho angangena futhi akhiphe umoya ngokushesha kangakanani nokuthi ungakanani. Ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziswa i-inhaler, bese ukuhlolwa kuphindaphindwa ngemuva kwalokho ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini umehluko ekuphefumuleni kwakho.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Bronchoprovocation: Kulokhu, ucelwa ukuthi uphefumule umuthi okhethekile (i-methacholine) futhi ukuzwela nokuqina kwemigudu yakho yomoya kulinganiswa kusetshenziswa isivivinyo esifanayo se-spirometry.
- Ukuhlolwa Kokungezwani Nomzimba: Uma sekuqinisekisiwe ukuthi une-asthma, lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuze kutholakale ukuthi ingabe ukungezwani komzimba kuyimbangela.
- Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba: Amaconsi ambalwa ezinto ezihlukahlukene ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba abekwa esandleni sakho noma emhlane bese kwenziwa inhlama encane kakhulu ngenaliti encane. Uma une-allergy kuleyo nto, ngemizuzu embalwa indawo izoba bomvu kancane futhi ivuvuke, njengokulunywa umiyane.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Kuthathwa isampula yegazi bese kuhlolwa ukuthi kukhona amaprotheni (ama-antibodies) enziwe ngumzimba ngokumelene nezinto ezihlukahlukene ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba.
Silawula kanjani lesi simo?
Kulokhu, udokotela wakho uzokwakha uhlelo lokwelapha oluzosebenza kokubili ekuguleni kwakho komzimba kanye ne-asthma yakho. Lokhu kuqukethe izingxenye ezimbili.
1. Ukugwema izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba
Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Uma usuyazi ukuthi yini ekwenza ungezwani nomzimba, hlukana nabo ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Gcina ikhaya lakho lihlanzekile: Shanela, usule, futhi usule uthuli kahle ekhaya lakho.
- Amashidi okulala kanye nama-pillowcases: Geza lokhu okungenani kanye ngesonto emanzini ashisayo. Kungcono ukusebenzisa izembozo ezikhethekile (izembozo ezingangenwa yi-allergen) ukuze uvikele ezibungwini zothuli.
- Zivikele empoveni: Gcina amafasitela akho evaliwe ngezikhathi zempoveni ephezulu. Gqoka imaski uma uphuma ngaphandle.
- Izihlanzi zomoya: Ukusebenzisa isihlanzi somoya esihle kungasiza ekunciphiseni izinto ezifana nothuli kanye nempova emoyeni ekhaya.
- Yenza Uhlelo Lokusebenza: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Khuluma nodokotela wakho bese ubhala phansi ukuthi uzothatha muphi umuthi uma i-asthma yakho iba yimbi ngokuzumayo, ukuthi uzokwenzani uma ingathuthuki, nokuthi uzokhuluma nobani.
2. Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha
Kuye ngesimo sakho, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imithi ehlukahlukene.
- Ama-inhaler okusindisa: Lawa ama-inhaler asetshenziswa uma uhlaselwa yi-asthma ngokuzumayo. Andisa ngokushesha izindlela zakho zokuphefumula futhi enze kube lula ukuphefumula. Lona umuthi okufanele uhlale unawo.
- Imithi yokulawula: Lena imithi okudingeka uyithathe nsuku zonke. Ivame ukuba yi-corticosteroids ephefumulwayo. Isebenza ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala emigudwini yakho yomoya nokuvimbela ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma.
- Izilungisi ze-Leukotriene: Lolu uhlobo lomuthi olutholakala ngesimo samaphilisi. I-Montelukast umuthi osetshenziswa kakhulu walolu hlobo. Uyasiza ekulawuleni kokubili i-asthma kanye nokungezwani komzimba.
- Ama-Antihistamine: Lawa maphilisi asiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba (amehlo alumayo, impumulo egobhozayo).
- Imijovo yokungezwani komzimba / I-Immunotherapy: Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha yesikhathi eside. Lokhu kuhilela ukujova umzimba wakho ngenani elincane kakhulu lento onayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umzimba wakho uyajwayela futhi usabela kancane.
Kufanele uye nini kudokotela? Kufanele uye nini eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU)?
Uma unezinye zezimpawu ze-asthma noma zokungezwani komzimba esixoxe ngazo ekuqaleni, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko. Ungaziphilisi .
Isimo esiphuthumayo!
Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula, ukhathele kakhulu ukukhuluma, futhi i-inhaler yakho yokutakula ingakusizi, iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze (i-ETU) noma ushayele i-ambulensi ngokushesha . Kwezinye izimo ezimbi kakhulu, isimo esisongela ukuphila esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Anaphylaxis". Ngakho-ke ungalibali.
I-asthma ye-allergy iyisimo esihlala isikhathi eside. Kodwa asikho isidingo sokuyesaba. Ngokwazi kahle ukuthi yini oyi-allergy kuyo, ukuhlala kude nayo, nokuthatha imithi udokotela wakho ayinikezayo, ungasilawula kahle lesi simo futhi uphile impilo enempilo nejabulisayo ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-asthma ye-allergy yilapho i-asthma yakho ibhebhethekiswa yinto ethile onayo. Lesi yisimo esivame kakhulu.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela i-asthma yakho (uthuli, izilwane, impova) bese uzigwema.
- Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi oyinikezwe udokotela wakho, ikakhulukazi i-inhaler yokulawula yansuku zonke.
- Hlala uphethe i-inhaler yokutakula uma kunezimo eziphuthumayo.
- Uma ubunzima bokuphefumula bukhulu futhi kungekho mpumuzo ovela ku-inhaler, hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU).
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