Uma uzibuka esibukweni, wake wayibona yini indandatho emhlophe, empunga, noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezungeze iso lakho elimnyama? Cishe uke wayibona emehlweni abazali bakho, ogogo nomkhulu, noma ngisho nabantu abadala. Abantu abaningi bayesaba kancane uma bebona lokhu, bezibuza ukuthi ngabe kuyisimo esisongela umbono njenge-cataracts. Kodwa kuyini ngempela lokhu? Ingabe kuyinto okufanele uyesabe? Ake sixoxe ngakho namuhla.
Yini ngempela i-Arcus Senilis?
Kalula nje, lena indandatho emhlophe, empunga, noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yamafutha, noma amafutha, akha nxazonke kwe-cornea yeso lakho.
Ake siqonde kancane ngamehlo ethu.
- I-Cornea: Lena yingxenye ecacile, egobile yeso lethu emboza iris kanye nomfundi ophakathi kweso. Ifana nefasitela endlini yethu. Igxila ukukhanya okungena esweni futhi isisize sibone.
- I-Iris: Lena yingxenye enika iso umbala walo. Abanye abantu banamehlo ansundu, abanye banamehlo amnyama.
- I-Sclera: Lena ingxenye emhlophe yeso.
Ngakho-ke, ama-fatty deposit esikhulume ngawo ayenzeka eduze komphetho wangaphandle we-cornea, ingxenye ecacile yeso. Ekuqaleni, lokhu kuqala njengama-arc amabili ngaphezulu nangaphansi, bese ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kungakhula kube yindandatho ephelele.
Igama lalesi simo liyashintsha ngokweminyaka yakho.
- I-Arcus Senilis: Uma uneminyaka engu-50-60 noma ngaphezulu, le ndandatho ibizwa ngokuthi i-`Arcus Senilis`. Igama elithi "Senilis" lisho "ukuguga" ngesiLatini. Cishe wonke umuntu oneminyaka engaba ngu-80 angayibona le nkinga. Kuyingxenye evamile yenqubo yokuguga. Ngakho-ke uma umuntu omdala enale nkinga, akukho okufanele akhathazeke ngakho.
- I-Arcus Juvenilis: Kodwa uma ungaphansi kweminyaka engama-40, futhi unale ndandatho, ibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Arcus Juvenilis'. Igama elithi "Juvenilis" lisho "osemncane". Lokhu kungaba uphawu lwesinye isimo sezokwelapha esiyimfihlo kumuntu osemusha. Ngakho-ke kuyinto okufanele ukhathazeke ngayo.
Ungadidanisi lokhu nama-cataract!
Umbuzo abantu abaningi abanawo ukuthi ngabe lokhu kuyi-cataract. Nakuba kokubili kuvamile ukuguga, lezi yizimo ezimbili ezihluke ngokuphelele.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi le ndandatho emhlophe ebizwa ngokuthi i-'Arcus Senilis' ayilimazi umbono wakho. Kodwa-ke, ama-cataract ayifu elifiphele lensi yeso. Lokhu kuyawohloza kancane kancane umbono futhi ekugcineni kudinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe.
I-'Arcus Senilis' ayidingi ukwelashwa, njengoba ingalimazi umbono. Ayidingi ukuhlinzwa.
Kungani indandatho ezungeze iso yakheka kanje?
Le ndandatho yakhiwa, njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, ngokubeka amafutha, noma amafutha, eduze kwe-cornea yeso. I-cholesterol nayo iwuhlobo lwe-lipid. Eqinisweni, le ndandatho yakhiwe kakhulu yi-cholesterol.
Kodwa ukubona lokhu akusho ukuthi une-cholesterol ephezulu egazini lakho.
- Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50-60 ubudala: Lokhu kuvame ukuba umphumela ojwayelekile wokuguga. Amafutha angaqongelela ngale ndlela njengoba umzimba ushintsha njengoba siguga. Kuvamile.
- Uma usemncane, ungaphansi kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala: Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu kube uphawu lwesimo sezempilo esiyimfihlo. Udokotela wakho angase abe nokungabaza futhi enze izivivinyo ezithile. Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yalokhu:
- Izinga le-cholesterol ephezulu egazini
- Amazinga aphezulu e-triglyceride egazini
- Ezinye izifundo zithole nokuxhumana phakathi kwenkinga yokusebenzisa utshwala nalesi simo.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Nakuba i-'Arcus Senilis' ivame ukuba yisimo esingenangozi kubantu asebekhulile, kunezinye izimo lapho kufanele nakanjani ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha nje lapho usibona. Ake sibheke ngokucacile ukuthi yiziphi lezo zimo.
| Isikhathi esidonsa amehlo (ukukhanya okubomvu!) | Imbangela engaba khona nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze |
|---|---|
| Uma ungaphansi kweminyaka engama-40-50 ubudala (i-Arcus Juvenilis) | Lokhu kungaba uphawu lokuthi unezinga eliphezulu le-cholesterol noma amanye amafutha egazini lakho. Lokhu kungase kubangelwe yisimo sofuzo esikhona emndenini (i-familial hypercholesterolemia). Kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha bese uthola ukuhlolwa kwegazi. |
| Uma indandatho ikhona esweni elilodwa kuphela (i-Unilateral Arcus Senilis) | Lesi yisimo esikhathazayo kakhulu. Kungaba uphawu lokuvaleka noma isifo semithambo yegazi ye-carotid, umthambo wegazi omkhulu entanyeni ohambisa igazi ebuchosheni. Lokhu kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibucayi, njengesihlava sohlangothi, ngakho funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. |
Umehluko phakathi kwezindandatho ze-Arcus Senilis ne-Kayser-Fleischer
Esinye isimo esifana ne-'Arcus Senilis' yi-'Kayser-Fleischer rings'. Kodwa-ke, lezi zibili zihluke ngokuphelele.
- I-Arcus Senilis: Ibangelwa ukugcwala kwamafutha (i-lipid) . Umbala umhlophe/mpunga/luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka .
- Izindandatho zikaKayser-Fleischer: Zenziwe ngama-deposit ethusi . Zinombala onsundu/oluhlaza okotshani . Zibonakala kubantu abanesimo esingavamile sofuzo esibizwa ngokuthi 'isifo sikaWilson'.
Ingabe lokhu kungavinjelwa ukuthi kwenzeke?
Asikwazi ukuvimba isimo se-'Arcus Senilis' esenzeka ngokuguga. Kuyinqubo yemvelo. Kodwa-ke, singavimbela isimo se-'Arcus Juvenilis' esenzeka ngenxa yamazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol kubantu abasha futhi silondoloze impilo enhle yenhliziyo iyonke. Nazi ezinye izinto esingazenza:
- Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele. Uma usuvele ubhema, hlela ukuyeka ngokushesha.
- Yenza umsebenzi womzimba wansuku zonke. Zama ukwenza okuthile okufana nokuhamba, ukugijima, noma ukugibela ibhayisikili okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku.
- Gcina isisindo esinempilo. Ukugcina isisindo esifanele ubude bakho kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Yamukela ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo. Gwema ukudla okusheshayo nokudla okucutshungulwe okunamafutha amaningi, ushukela, nosawoti. Faka ukudla okwengeziwe njengemifino, izithelo, ubhontshisi, amantongomane, nenhlanzi. Ukudla okufana 'nokudla kwaseMedithera' kuyizibonelo ezinhle zalokhu.
Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ekubukekeni kwamehlo akho, ikakhulukazi indandatho efana nale, kungcono ungesabi noma ungayinaki, kodwa khuluma nodokotela womndeni wakho noma udokotela wamehlo. Bazoyihlola futhi banqume ukuthi ngabe iyisimo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Arcus Senilis' esibangelwa ukuguga, futhi awunalutho okufanele ukhathazeke ngalo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Indandatho emhlophe/empunga ezungeze ijwabu leso (i-Arcus Senilis) ivame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50-60 futhi iyisibonakaliso esivamile nesingenangozi sokuguga.
- Le ndandatho ayibangeli umonakalo ekuboneni kwakho. Akuyona i-cataract.
- Uma usemncane, ungaphansi kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala , noma uma le ndandatho isesweni elilodwa kuphela,Njengoba kungaba uphawu lwesimo sezempilo esingaphansi, kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela ngokushesha.
- Akukho ukwelashwa kwalesi simo, kodwa kubalulekile ukwelapha izimo ezifana ne-cholesterol engase iyibangele.
- Ukulawula i-cholesterol ngendlela yokuphila enempilo (ukudla okuhle, ukuvivinya umzimba, nokugwema ukubhema) kuhle empilweni iyonke.
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