Ingabe ukugeleza kwegazi lakho kuzwakala kunciphile? Ake sixoxe ngokuntuleka kwegazi emzimbeni!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ubuhlungu emilenzeni yakho uma uhamba? Noma uzizwa unesizungu noma ungenamizwa kwezinye izindawo? Ungacabangi ukuthi lezi yizinto ezingahleliwe nje. Mhlawumbe lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi ukujikeleza kwegazi emzimbeni wakho kubuthakathaka kancane. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesihloko esibaluleke ngokulinganayo. Lokho ukwehla kokujikeleza kwegazi emithanjeni yegazi, noma njengoba odokotela bekubiza kanjalo, `(Ukuntuleka Kwemithambo Yegazi)`.

Kuyini ukungasebenzi kahle kwemithambo yegazi?

Kalula nje, lokhu kwenzeka lapho inani legazi eligeleza ngemithambo eyodwa noma ngaphezulu emzimbeni wethu lehla. Imithambo ifana nohlelo lwamapayipi athwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo emzimbeni wethu wonke lisuka enhliziyweni liye kuzo zonke ezinye izitho nezicubu. Ngakho-ke, kwenzekani uma la mapayipi evaleka noma encishiswa? Yilapho ukugeleza kwegazi kwehla khona. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukunqwabelana kwamafutha ezindongeni zemithambo, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Atherosclerosis".

Zonke izingxenye zomzimba wethu zidinga igazi elinomoya-mpilo ukuze zisebenze. Ngakho-ke uma imithambo yegazi ingakwazi ukuthumela igazi ngendlela efanele, izitho zethu zomzimba nezicubu ngeke zikwazi ukusebenza kahle. Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu .

Lesi simo (Ukungasebenzi kahle kwemithambo yegazi) singakuthinta ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko:

1. Ukungasebenzi kahle kwemithambo yegazi: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ukugeleza kwegazi kwehla ngokuzumayo noma kumiswe ngokuphelele ngenxa yesizathu esithile (ngokuvamile ukugoba kwegazi). Lesi yisimo esidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.

2. Ukungasebenzi kahle kwemithambo yegazi okungapheli: Lesi yisimo lapho ukugeleza kwegazi kwehla kancane kancane ngenxa yesimo sezokwelapha esiyisisekelo (ngokuvamile i-atherosclerosis eshiwo ngenhla). Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izimpawu ziya ziba zimbi kancane kancane, futhi ingozi yezinkinga iyanda.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma lesi simo siqashelwa kusenesikhathi futhi selashwa kahle, ingozi yezinkinga ezinkulu ingancishiswa kakhulu.

Lesi simo siyithinta kanjani imizimba yethu?

Ukwehla kokugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni kunciphisa ukuphakelwa kwegazi ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba wethu, ikakhulukazi izitho zomzimba nezitho zomzimba eziyinhloko. Indlela lokhu okuthinta ngayo umzimba incike ekutheni yimuphi umthambo oncishisiwe noma ovalekile .

Cabanga ngakho ngale ndlela:

• Uma imithambo entanyeni yakho (imithambo ye-carotid noma ye-vertebral) incipha, isibonelo esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi isifo semithambo ye-carotid, kuthinta ubuchopho bakho .
• Inkinga nge -aorta , njenge-abdominal aortic aneurysm, ingathinta isifuba sakho, umhlane, kanye nesisu .
• Uma kukhona ukuvaleka kwemithambo yenhliziyo ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni , isimo esibizwa ngokuthi isifo semithambo yenhliziyo, kuthinta inhliziyo yakho ngqo.
• Uma kunenkinga ngomthambo ohlinzeka ngegazi emathunjini amancane ("i-Superior mesenteric artery``) , isimo esifana ne-"Mesenteric artery stenosis``, singathinta ukusebenza kwamathumbu akho amancane .
• Uma kunenkinga ngemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi ezinso (imithambo yezinso) , isimo esibizwa ngokuthi isifo semithambo yezinso, sizothinta izinso zakho.
• Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi emilenzeni yakho , njengesifo semithambo yegazi engaphandle (i-PAD), kungathinta imilenze nezinyawo zakho.
• Isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-pulmonary embolism, okuyi-blood clot evimba imithambo emaphashini akho , singathinta amaphaphu akho.

Kodwa kubalulekile futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi ukwehla kwegazi eligeleza emithanjeni kuthinta yonke ingxenye yomzimba ngokungaqondile. Ungase uqaphele izimpawu engxenyeni yomzimba eseduze kakhulu nomthambo ovalekile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, izinto ezifanayo ezibangela ukuncipha kwemithambo lapho (njenge-atherosclerosis) zingenzeka nasemithanjeni kwenye indawo emzimbeni. Isibonelo, uma unesifo sokuncipha kwegazi okungapheli ngenxa ye-atherosclerosis emthanjeni osemlenzeni wakho, usengozini yento efanayo enhliziyweni yakho.

Zonke izingxenye zomzimba wethu zidinga umoya-mpilo ukuze ziphile. Uma isitho noma izicubu zilahlekelwa umoya-mpilo ngokuzumayo, leso sitho singase singasebenzi kahle emahoreni ambalwa, uma kwenzeka 'ukungasebenzi kahle kwemithambo yegazi'. Lokhu kungaholela ezimweni eziphuthumayo ezisongela ukuphila ezibangelwa ukwehla kokugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni yegazi:

• Ischemia yemilenze ebalulekile: Ukuvaleka kokugeleza kwegazi ezingalweni , emilenzeni, noma ezinyaweni.
• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo: Ukuvaleka kokugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni.
• I-Pulmonary embolism: Ukuvaleka kokugeleza kwegazi emaphashini.
• Isifo sohlangothi: Ukuvaleka kokugeleza kwegazi kuya ebuchosheni.

Lesi simo singaba yingozi uma singelashwa kahle, yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izimpawu zaso nokukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngezingozi zakho.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kokulahlekelwa yigazi emithanjeni yegazi kanye nokulahlekelwa yigazi emithanjeni yegazi?

Zombili lezi zinkinga zihlobene nokujikeleza kwegazi, kodwa kunomehluko omncane.

Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kahle kwemithambo yegazi kuyinkinga yokugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni yegazi. Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kahle kwemithambo yegazi kuyinkinga yokugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni yegazi (imithambo yegazi ethwala igazi elingcolile libuyele enhliziyweni).

Kalula nje:

• Imithambo yegazi yiyo ethwala igazi elihlanzekile, elinomoya-mpilo lisuka enhliziyweni emzimbeni wonke.
• Imithambo yegazi yiyo ebuyisela igazi elingcolile neliphelelwe umoya-mpilo enhliziyweni.

Izimbangela zalezi zimo zombili zihlukile. Imbangela eyinhloko yokwehla kokuhamba kwegazi emithanjeni ukunqwabelana kwamafutha ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi (i-atherosclerosis). Ukwehla kokuhamba kwegazi emithanjeni yegazi kubangelwa kakhulu ukulimala kwemithambo yegazi emilenzeni.

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwemithambo yegazi kungenzeka emthanjeni noma kuphi emzimbeni, kodwa isimo esibizwa ngokuthi ukungasebenzi kahle kwemithambo yegazi sithinta kakhulu imilenze.

Zombili lezi zimo zingabangela ubuhlungu nokungakhululeki emilenzeni. Uma imilenze yakho ihlala ibuhlungu, izizwa isinda, ivuvukele, noma ikhathele, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ukuze uxoxe ngalezi zimpawu.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?

Abanye abantu bangase bangabi nazimpawu kuze kube yilapho isimo siba sibi kakhulu noma kuvela isimo esiphuthumayo. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Isiyezi: Umuzwa wokulahlekelwa ibhalansi.
• I-claudication ngezikhathi ezithile: Ubuhlungu bomlenze obuvela uma uhamba futhi buphele lapho uphumula. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho uzwa ubuhlungu emlenzeni wakho ngenkathi wenza umsebenzi othile, ikakhulukazi ukuhamba, futhi ubuhlungu buyaphela ngemva kokuphumula isikhashana.
• Ubuhlungu ezinyaweni noma ezinzwaneni: Umuzwa oshisayo nobuhlungu ezinyaweni noma ezinzwaneni, ngisho nalapho uphumule.
• Izinguquko kumbala wesikhumba kanye nokuthungwa: Isikhumba esinamaqhubu emilenzeni nasezinyaweni, ukulunywa, kanye nezinguquko kumbala wesikhumba.
• Ubuhlungu besisu: Ubuhlungu besisu obuqala ngemva kwemizuzu eyi-15-20 ngemva kokudla, buhlale amahora ambalwa, bese buphela.
• Izilonda: Izilonda ezingapholi emilenzeni nasezinyaweni (ikakhulukazi emaqakaleni). Lezi ziwuphawu lokujikeleza kwegazi okungekuhle.
• Ukwehla kwesisindo: Ukwehla kwesisindo okungazelelwe, okungahleliwe.

Kungenzeka ukuthi unemithambo yegazi evalekile noma enciphile ezindaweni ezingaphezu kweyodwa emzimbeni wakho. Isibonelo, abantu abanesifo semithambo yegazi engaphandle (i-PAD) emilenzeni banamathuba amaningi okuthola isifo semithambo yegazi yenhliziyo (i-CAD). Ngakho-ke, ungase ube nenhlanganisela yezimpawu ezihlobene nenkinga ngayinye. Yingakho kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha nje lapho ubona ngisho nophawu oluncane kakhulu.

Izimpawu zesimo esiphuthumayo - ungazinaki lezi!

Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, shayela ku-911 (1990 eSri Lanka) noma uye esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha. Lezi zingase zibe izimpawu zesimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuqina.
• Ukuzizwa sengathi ubona kabili noma ulahlekelwa umbono.
• Ukuquleka.
• Ukufa kwezicubu (`Gangrene`) (ukuba mnyama kwesikhumba, iphunga elibi).
• Isikhumba esimpunga, ukujuluka okubandayo, noma isikhumba esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
• Ukwanda okungazelelwe kwesilinganiso sokushaya kwenhliziyo.
• Inkulumo engaqondakali.
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu obungazelelwe esifubeni, engalweni, ehlombe, entanyeni, noma emhlathini.
• Ubunzima obungazelelwe bokuphefumula ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki okungazelelwe emahlombe, entanyeni, esiswini, kanye/noma emhlane ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo.

Uma unezinye izimpawu, ungase ungakwazi ngisho nokushaya ucingo. Ngakho-ke, uma kungenzeka, gcina 'idivayisi yesexwayiso sezokwelapha' (njengomgexo) nawe ngaso sonke isikhathi. Futhi, tshela umndeni wakho nabangani ngalezi zimpawu. Ukuze bakwazi ukukushayela ucingo ku-1990 ngokushesha nje lapho bezibona.

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu?

Izizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwehla kokugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni yilezi:

• I-Atherosclerosis: Ukuqongelela kwamafutha ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi (i-atherosclerosis): Ukuqongelela kwamafutha, njenge-cholesterol, kwakheka ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, kuyinciphise noma kuyivimbe ngokuphelele.
• I-Thrombosis: Ihlule legazi lakha ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, livimbele ukugeleza kwegazi.

Ukuthola kanjani lokhu?

Odokotela baxilonga lesi simo ngokukubuza ngezimpawu zakho, ukuthatha umlando wakho wezokwelapha, nokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Udokotela wakho uzokubuza imibuzo eminingi ukuze afunde okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngesimo sakho. Isibonelo:

• Ziyini izimpawu zakho?
• Sekuyisikhathi esingakanani lezi zimpawu zikhona?
• Uzwa kuphi ubuhlungu?
• Ingabe izimpawu ziyafika ziphinde ziphele? Uma kunjalo, zifika nini?
• Yini ongayenza ukuze unciphise izimpawu?

Udokotela uzokhuluma nawe ngalokhu okulandelayo:

• Umlando wakho wezokwelapha wangaphambilini.
• Izifo ezenzeka emndenini wakho (ezihlobene nofuzo).
• Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha onazo njengamanje.
• Imithi oyisebenzisayo.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, udokotela angenza okulandelayo:

• Bakutshela ukuthi umomotheke ukuze ubone ukuthi uhlangothi olulodwa lobuso bakho luyagoba yini.
• Ama-pulses ahlolwa ezindaweni eziningana emzimbeni (njengesifuba, isihlakala, kanye neqakala).
• Kuthathwa isampula yegazi ukuze kuhlolwe amazinga ahlukahlukene angase ahlobane nesifo semithambo yegazi.
• Amehlo akho kanye nokubona kwakho kuzohlolwa.
• Bheka ukuthi kukhona yini izinguquko embaleni noma ekubunjweni kwesikhumba sakho.
• Hlola izilonda zesikhumba.
• Umfutho wegazi ulinganiswa kuzo zombili izingalo.

Udokotela angafunda okuningi kulokhu kuhlolwa, kodwa angenza nokuhlolwa okukhethekile ukuze afunde kabanzi ngemithambo yakho yegazi.

Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe

Nazi ezinye izivivinyo ezingasiza ekutholeni ukugeleza kwegazi okunciphile emithanjeni yegazi ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba:

• Inkomba ye-Ankle-brachial (ABI): Lokhu kuqhathanisa umfutho wegazi emilenzeni engezansi nomfutho wegazi engalweni. Lokhu kungabonisa ukuthi igazi ligeleza kahle kangakanani emithanjeni esemilenzeni.
• I-CT Angiogram (`i-computed tomography angiogram - CTA`): Ithatha izithombe ze-3D zemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni (imithambo yegazi ye-coronary), ezingalweni, emilenzeni, noma emathunjini ukusiza ekutholeni ukuvaleka.
• I-Echocardiogram (`Echocardiogram - echo`): Isebenzisa amaza omsindo ukuhlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.
• I-E.C.G. (`I-Electrocardiogram - ECG/EKG`): Iqopha umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo. Ingabona izinkinga zokugeleza kwegazi kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile.
• Ukuqoshwa komthamo wegazi: Kukala izinguquko kumthamo wegazi emilenzeni. Kungabona ukuvinjelwa.
• I-Vascular ultrasound: Isebenzisa amaza omsindo ukuthatha izithombe zemithambo yakho (kufaka phakathi leyo esentanyeni yakho) ukuze ibheke ukuvaleka.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?

Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela kanye nobucayi besimo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe. Ezinye izinketho zokwelapha zifaka:

• Ukususwa kwe-atherectomy (ukuhlinzwa kokususa i-plaque emithanjeni).
• Ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe ukuvaleka kwemithambo yentamo (`Carotid endarterectomy`).
• Ukufakelwa kwemithambo yenhliziyo (`Coronary angioplasty`).
• Ukufakelwa kwemithambo ye-coronary bypass (CABG).
• Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila: ukuzivocavoca umzimba, ukudla okunempilo.
• Imithi: Lawula umfutho wegazi, i-cholesterol, kanye namazinga kashukela egazini.
• Imithi enciphisa ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi (ama-Anticoagulants).
• Amapayipi amancane ane-mesh (`ama-Stent`) asetshenziselwa ukugcina imithambo ivulekile.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lokhu? (Izici Eziyingozi)

Noma ubani angaba `nokungakwazi ukusebenza kahle kwemithambo yegazi'. Kodwa abanye abantu basengozini enkulu. Uma unezinye zalezi zimo, nawe usengozini enkulu:

• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (`i-Atrial fibrillation`).
• Isifo Sikashukela (`Isifo Sikashukela`).
• I-cholesterol ephezulu egazini (`i-Hyperlipidemia`).
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Hypertension).
• Ukuntuleka kwe-protein C.
• Ukuntuleka kwe-protein S.
• Izimo ezibangela ukuba igazi lijiye ngokushesha kakhulu (`Thrombophilia`).
• Amahlule egazi ahlobene nomdlavuza (`Trousseau syndrome`).

Ezinye izinto eziyingozi:

• Uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-60 ubudala.
• Ukukhulelwa.
• Ukubhema nokusebenzisa ugwayi.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwamaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo aqukethe i-estrogen.

Ungazivikela kanjani kulokhu? (Ukuvimbela)

Ukwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila kungasiza kakhulu ekunciphiseni le ngozi. Nazi ezinye izinto ongayenza:

• Vivinya umzimba nsuku zonke. Zama ukuhamba okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, izinsuku ezinhlanu ngesonto. Qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala isimiso esisha sokuzivocavoca umzimba.
• Yeka ukubhema nokusebenzisa ugwayi ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukubhema i-vape nokuhlafuna ugwayi.
• Landela ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo.
• Nciphisa ukuphuza kwakho utshwala. Kwabesilisa, ungaphuzi iziphuzo ezimbili ngosuku. Kwabesifazane, ungaphuzi iziphuzo ezingaphezu kwesisodwa ngosuku.
• Lawula isisindo sakho. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi isisindo esinempilo siyini kuwe.
• Thatha imithi oyinikezwe udokotela ngesikhathi.
• Thola ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okungenani kanye ngonyaka.

Ungaphila kanjani nalesi simo?

Uma uphila nokukhubazeka kwemithambo yegazi, khumbula lezi zinto:

• Yenza uhlelo lokuzivocavoca. Akubona bonke abantu abafanayo. Khetha ukuzivocavoca okuthandayo. Kungaba yinoma yini kusukela ekudanseni, ukuslayida eqhweni, kuya ekuhambeni epaki. Futhi, thola izindlela zokwengeza izinyathelo ezimbalwa emisebenzini yakho yansuku zonke. Buza njalo udokotela wakho ukuthi yikuphi ukuzivocavoca okuphephile kuwe.
• Bheka izinketho zokudla okunempilo. Bheka izinto ezifana nokudla kwaseMedithera kanye nokudla kwe-DASH.
• Gcina isikhumba sakho sihlanzekile. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma une-PAD, i-neuropathy ehlobene nesifo sikashukela, noma enye i-peripheral neuropathy. Geza izinyawo nemilenze yakho nsuku zonke, bese ufaka i-moisturizer. Hlola ukuthi isikhumba asishintshi umbala, siqhekekile, noma sinezilonda.
• Yeka ukubhema nokusebenzisa ugwayi. Cela usizo kudokotela wakho.
• Gqoka izicathulo ezikhululekile. Izicathulo kufanele zisekele futhi zilingane kahle.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Gcina wonke ama-aphoyintimenti akho kadokotela kanye nokulandelela. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi kufanele ubuye kangaki.

Futhi, uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha noma izinguquko ezimpawu zakho, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Kungasiza futhi ukuphrinta uhlu lwezimpawu zakho bese uzigcina nawe. Kulula ukuphuthelwa uphawu empilweni yansuku zonke, noma ukuzibuza ukuthi, "Kuyini lokhu?" Ngakho-ke, qaphela izinto okudingeka uziqaphele. Yabelana ngalolu lwazi nabathandekayo bakho.

Uma uthola ukuthi 'unesifo sokungakwazi ukusebenza kahle kwemithambo yegazi', ungase uzibuze, "Ngizokulungisa kanjani lokhu?" Yilokho into yokuqala esiyicabangayo uma sigula. Ungase ufise sengathi ungabuyisela isikhathi emuva wenze izinto ngendlela ehlukile. Kodwa lesi akusona isikhathi sokubheka emuva, kodwa isikhathi sokubheka phambili.

Gxila kulokho onakho manje. Yiziphi izinguquko ongazenza ngokushesha? Yiziphi ezibaluleke kakhulu? Thola isiqondiso kudokotela wakho mayelana nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila kanye nokwelashwa. Okubaluleke kakhulu, akudingeki ukuthi udlule kulolu hambo wedwa. Udokotela wakho kanye nethimba lakho lonke lezokunakekelwa kwempilo balapha ukuzokusiza ukuthuthukisa impilo yemithambo yakho yegazi.

Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi , ukwehla kokugeleza kwegazi, isifo senhliziyo, imithambo yegazi, impilo, isifo sohlangothi, i-cholesterol