Wake wazibuza ukuthi igazi ligeleza kanjani emzimbeni wakho nokuthi ligcina kanjani umfutho wegazi ungaguquki? Sinohlobo lomthambo wegazi emzimbeni wethu oluncane kangangokuthi alubonakali ngamehlo enyama, kodwa lunamandla kakhulu. Namuhla sikhuluma ngala maqhawe amancane, ama-Arterioles.
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Kalula nje, ayini lawa ma-arterioles?
Ama-arterioles ayimithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu, emincane. Afana namagatsha aqhamuka emithanjeni yegazi eyinhloko emzimbeni wethu, imithambo yegazi. Cabanga ngawo njengemigwaqo emincane eseceleni eqhamuka emgwaqweni omkhulu futhi eholela ezindlini. Lawa ma-arterioles yiwo athwala igazi lisuka enhliziyweni liye ezicutshini nasezithweni zomzimba wethu.
Lawa ma-arterioles axhuma emithanjeni yegazi emincane. Siwabiza ngokuthi ama-capillary. Ama-capillary ayimithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu, njengemicu yewebhu yesicabucabu. Yilapho izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu zenzeka khona. Afana nesikhungo sokushintshana. Igazi linikeza umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ezicutshini, futhi izicubu zithatha imfucuza efana ne-carbon dioxide ziyibuyisele egazini. Ngemva kwalokhu kushintshana, imithambo emincane (ama-venule) ixhuma kula ma-capillary ukuze ithwale igazi eligcwele imfucuza libuyele enhliziyweni.
Ngakho-ke, ama-arterioles ayisixhumanisi esibaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwemithambo yegazi kanye nama-capillary.
Uyini umsebenzi oyinhloko walezi zinhlayiya ezincane?
Nakuba lezi zincane ngobukhulu, zidlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni ukugeleza kwegazi kanye nomfutho wegazi emzimbeni wethu.
- Ukucindezeleka kwegazi kanye nokulawulwa kokugeleza kwegazi: U-80% wokumelana nokugeleza kwegazi emzimbeni wethu ulawulwa yilawa ma-arterioles. Kalula nje, le mithambo yegazi emincane inquma ukuthi igazi liphampa ngokushesha kangakanani, liqine kangakanani, nokuthi lingakanani igazi eliphampa esithweni ngasinye. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokufinyela nokukhulula imisipha ezindongeni zayo. Kufana nokucindezela ipayipi lamanzi ukulawula ukugeleza kwamanzi. Lena yindlela ukucindezeleka kwegazi lethu okugcinwa ngayo ezingeni elizinzile.
- Ukusiza ngokushintshana: Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, imithambo isebenza "njengomxhumanisi" phakathi kwemithambo emikhulu kanye nama-capillary amancane, isebenza njengebhuloho lokushintshana komoya-mpilo, izakhamzimba, kanye nemikhiqizo engcolile.
Ama-arterioles azisiza kanjani ezinye izitho zomzimba?
Ama-arterioles atholakala kuyo yonke imizimba yethu, esiza cishe zonke izitho zomzimba. Nazi ezinye izibonelo.
| Isitho somzimba | Indlela Ama-Arterioles Asiza Ngayo |
|---|---|
| Isikhumba | Uma sizizwa sibanda, le mithambo yegazi iyaqina futhi igcine igazi lingaphakathi emzimbeni. Lokhu kufudumeza umzimba. Uma sizizwa sishisa, iyavuleka futhi ithumele igazi eliningi esikhumbeni, ikhiphe ukushisa emzimbeni. |
| Izinso | Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-arterioles eziletha igazi ku-glomerulus ezinso futhi zibuya kulo. Lawa ayanwebeka futhi anciphe, alawula izinga lapho igazi lihlungwa khona yizinso. |
| Amaphaphu | Lawa ma-arterioles ancipha ukuze anciphise ukugeleza kwegazi ezindaweni zamaphaphu ezine-oxygen ephansi futhi athumele igazi ezindaweni ezinamazinga aphezulu e-oxygen. Lokhu kusiza ukwandisa inani le-oxygen elimuncwa egazini. |
| Ubuchopho | Uma ubuchopho budinga igazi elengeziwe, ama-arterioles ayavuleka, okuvumela igazi eliningi ukuthi ligeleze. |
Yiziphi izifo ezithinta ama-arterioles?
Njengoba ama-arterioles nawo eyimithambo yegazi, noma yisiphi isifo esithinta inhliziyo kanye nohlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi singawathinta nawo.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Hypertension) | Umfutho wegazi ophezulu isikhathi eside. |
| Ukubhema | Amakhemikhali asemsini alimaza imithambo yegazi. |
| I-cholesterol ephezulu | Ukufakwa kwamafutha ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. |
| I-atherosclerosis | Izindonga zemithambo yegazi ziyaqina futhi ziqine. |
| I-Vasculitis | Ukuvuvukala/ukuvuvukala kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi. |
| Ukuqhekeka kwegazi (i-Thrombosis) | Amahlule egazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. |
| Isifo sikashukela | Amazinga aphezulu kashukela angalimaza imithambo yegazi emincane. |
Lezi zimo zilimaza izindonga zama-arterioles, okwenza angakwazi ukufinyela noma ukuvuleka kahle. Lokhu kuthinta kokubili umfutho wegazi kanye nokugeleza kwegazi.
Wazi kanjani ukuthi kunenkinga? - Izimpawu
Izimpawu zezifo ezithinta ama-arterioles ziyahlukahluka kuye ngesifo. Nazi ezinye izibonelo ezivamile.
| Isimo | Izimpawu ezibonakalayo |
|---|---|
| I-Vasculitis (ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi) | Ukwehla kwesisindo, umkhuhlane, ukukhathala, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba kanye nokulunywa. |
| Amahlule egazi | Uma kuseziphashini, kunzima ukuphefumula, uma kusenhliziyweni, ubuhlungu besifuba, uma kusebuchosheni, kunzima ukukhuluma, uma kusezinyaweni, kuyavuvukala emilenzeni. |
| Isifo samaphaphu (COPD) | Ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukukhwehlela, ukukhwehlela njalo. |
Ukwelashwa nezindlela zokuhlala uphilile
Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ukwelashwa kanye neseluleko sokugcina lonke uhlelo lwakho lwenhliziyo, okuhlanganisa nama-arterioles akho, luphilile.
| Ukwelashwa Kwezokwelapha | Izinto ongazenza wena (Izinguquko Zendlela Yokuphila) |
|---|---|
| Imithi yokunciphisa umfutho wegazi. | Ukunciphisa usawoti ekudleni. |
| Imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol. | Ukunciphisa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi agcwele (amafutha, ukudla okuthosiwe, inyama enamafutha). |
| Imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala yezimo ezifana ne-vasculitis. | Ukuzivocavoca njalo. |
| Ukweluleka ukuyeka ukubhema. | Ukugwema ngokuphelele imikhiqizo kagwayi. |
| Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo esikufanele. |
Singase singacabangi kakhulu ngala ma-arterioles amancane, asebenza kanzima ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke, kodwa abalulekile ekulawuleni ukugeleza kwegazi kanye nomfutho wegazi. Ukudla okunempilo kanye nokuzivocavoca njalo kungasiza ukugcina lonke uhlelo lwakho lwenhliziyo lusesimweni esihle. Njengoba ezinye zalezi zifo zingabonakali izimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho ukuze ahlolwe njalo . Ngale ndlela, ungabhekana nenkinga encane ngaphambi kokuba ibe nkulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-arterioles awuhlobo lomthambo wegazi omncane kakhulu kodwa onamandla kakhulu olawula umfutho wegazi kanye nokugeleza kwegazi emzimbeni wethu.
- Imikhuba yokuphila efana nokudla okudlayo, ukuzivocavoca umzimba, nokugwema ukubhema kunomthelela omkhulu empilweni yale mithambo yegazi emincane.
- Njengoba ezinye izifo zingabonakali izimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukungabaza ngempilo yakho, ungalokothi unqikaze ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngayo.
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