Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa amagama athi i-AI noma i-Artificial Intelligence ngaphambili, mhlawumbe ku-movie yesayensi eqanjiwe. Kodwa manje sekuyinto evamile ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke. Uma ubheka imephu efonini yakho bese ukhetha umzila onethrafikhi encane, uma incoma i-movie oyithandayo, noma uma ukhuluma ne-chatbot eku-inthanethi, i-AI iyimbangela yakho konke. Kalula nje, siyibiza ngokuthi i-AI uma sisebenzisa ikhompyutha ukwenza imisebenzi eyayidinga ubuhlakani bomuntu ngaphambilini.
Kodwa-ke, amathuba anganikezwa ubuchwepheshe be-AI emkhakheni wezokwelapha awapheli. Sisathola amandla alo aphelele. Kodwa odokotela sebevele basebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-AI ukufunda imibiko yethu yokuskena kwezokwelapha, ukuxilonga izifo ngokushesha, ukwenza izinqumo zokwelashwa, nokuthola imithi emisha.
Kuyini i-AI? Isetshenziswa kanjani emkhakheni wezokwelapha?
Kulungile, ake senze izinto zibe lula kancane. I-AI imayelana nokunikeza uhlelo lwekhompyutha (isofthiwe) inani elikhulu ledatha (isibonelo, izinkulungwane zezithombe ze-X-ray), ukuhlaziya leyo datha, nokuyiqeqesha ukuthi ibone amaphethini. Kunegama elikhethekile lalokhu elibizwa ngokuthi i-Machine Learning (ML). Kufana nokufundisa ingane ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwenja nekati ngokuyibonisa izithombe eziningi. Ngemva kwesikhashana, ingane izobona inja engakaze iyibone ngaphambili bese ithi, "Le yinja." Yileyo ndlela i-AI esebenza ngayo.
Emkhakheni wezokwelapha, lezi zinhlelo ze-AI ziqeqeshwa ngezinkulungwane ze-CT scans zeziguli, i-MRI scans, imibiko ye-EKG, njll. Bese kuthi, uma kunikezwa umbiko omusha wesiguli, le-AI ingabona ngisho nezinguquko ezicashile kakhulu, mhlawumbe ngisho nalezo iso lomuntu elingenakuzibona. Lokhu kuwusizo olukhulu kodokotela ukuxilonga isifo ngokushesha nangokunembile.
Ezinye izifo ezinkulu ubuchwepheshe be-AI obungasiza ngazo
Odokotela nabacwaningi sebevele basebenzisa i-AI ukuxilonga nokwelapha izifo eziningana. Ake sibheke ezimbalwa zazo.
Ukulimala kwamehlo okubangelwa isifo sikashukela (i-Diabetic Retinopathy)
Amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini alimaza imithambo yegazi ebucayi ku-retina yomuntu onesifo sikashukela. Lesi yisona sizathu esiyinhloko sokulahlekelwa umbono kubantu abanesifo sikashukela. Manje sekukhona isofthiwe ye-AI ebizwa ngokuthi i-IDx-DR ukuthola lesi simo. Ihlaziya isithombe sangaphakathi kweso lakho ukuze ibone ukuthi amehlo akho aseqala yini ukulimala ngenxa yesifo sikashukela.
Cabanga nje, udokotela womndeni wakho angasebenzisa le ndlela yokwelapha amehlo ukuhlola amehlo akho bese enquma ngokushesha ukuthi uzokudlulisela kudokotela wamehlo noma cha. Uma lesi sifo sitholakala kusenesikhathi, kunethuba elikhulu lokuvimbela ukulahlekelwa umbono.
Isifo sohlangothi
Isifo sohlangothi siwukuvinjelwa kwegazi okungazelelwe engxenyeni yobuchopho. Isikhathi sibaluleke kakhulu . Umzuzwana ngamunye odlula ngaphandle kokwelashwa wandisa umonakalo ebuchosheni. Manje odokotela basebenzisa i-algorithm ye-AI ukuhlaziya izithombe ze-CT scan. Lapho nje le-AI isola okuthile okufana nokuqhekeka kwegazi ebuchosheni, ithumela umlayezo ngqo kudokotela wezinzwa ofanele. Lokhu kuvumela uchwepheshe ukuthi abukeze ngokushesha ulwazi lwesiguli, onge isikhathi esibalulekile futhi aqale ukwelashwa.
Isifo senhliziyo
I-AI iyasiza nasekuhlolweni kokuxilonga isifo senhliziyo.
- I-Echocardiogram: Lokhu ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo nge-ultrasound. Isofthiwe ye-AI ebizwa ngokuthi i-Caption Guidance ingakusiza ukuthi uthole izithombe zenhliziyo ezicacile nezisezingeni eliphezulu ze-ultrasound. Lokhu kuwusizo olukhulu ngisho nakuchwepheshe wezokwelapha ongenalo ulwazi oluningi nge-echocardiograms.
- I-EKG (ECG): Lokhu kulinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo. Ama-EKG, asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-AI, angathola ukungasebenzi kahle kwesigqi senhliziyo, njenge-atrial fibrillation (AFib), ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu. Manje sekunamadivayisi e-EKG ongawasebenzisa ekhaya, ngisho nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-EKG ongazilanda efonini yakho. Kodwa lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu: Izici eziningi zithinta ukunemba kwalezi zivivinyo zasekhaya. Ngakho-ke , awukwazi ukwenza ukuxilongwa ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yodwa. Uma unokungabaza, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela wakho ukuze uthole iseluleko.
Umnikelo wobuchwepheshe be-AI ekutholeni umdlavuza
Amaseli omdlavuza angabonakali kakhulu futhi angasakazeka emzimbeni wonke. Ngezinye izikhathi, angaphuthelwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile. Ezimweni ezinjengalezi, i-AI ifana namehlo engeziwe kudokotela.
| Uhlobo lomdlavuza | Indlela i-AI engasiza ngayo |
|---|---|
| Umdlavuza Wamathumbu Amancane | Uhlelo lwe-AI, olubizwa nge-GI Genius, luthola ama-polyp asolisayo udokotela angase awaphuthe ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-colonoscopy bese luwaqokomisa kusikrini. Luphinde lwenze umsindo omncane. Lokhu kusiza udokotela ukuthi anake kakhulu leyo ndawo.Isikhumbuzo nje. Kodwa lokhu akuqinisekisi ukuthi umdlavuza noma cha, kuyadingeka ukuhlolwa kwegazi. |
| Umdlavuza Wendlala Yesitho Sangasese | I-Paige Prostate, isofthiwe ye-AI, isiza odokotela bezifo ukuhlola amasampula ezicubu ze-biopsy ye-prostate. Ingathola izindawo ezingabonakali ezingaba nomdlavuza, izindawo udokotela angase angaziboni. Udokotela angabe esezihlola lezo zindawo bese ezihlanganisa nolunye ulwazi mayelana nesiguli ukuze enze ukuxilongwa kokugcina. |
| Ukuphuka Kwesihlakala | Ngenxa yokuthi isihlakala sakhiwe ngamathambo amaningi amancane, ukuphuka kungase kungabonakali kahle ku-X-ray. I-OsteoDetect, isofthiwe ye-AI, ingahlaziya isithombe se-X-ray futhi ibone indawo yokuphuka bese ikubonisa udokotela . |
Ngakho-ke odokotela bazolahlekelwa yimisebenzi yabo ngenxa ye-AI?
Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abawucabangayo. Kodwa impendulo yawo ithi, "Akusoze kwenzeka."
Ubuchwepheshe be-AI buyithuluzi elinamandla nelithuthukisiwe elisezandleni zikadokotela. Njengoba nje udokotela esebenzisa i-stethoscope, i-AI ingahlaziya idatha futhi ikhombe izindawo ezisolisayo. Kodwa isinqumo sokugcina sihlala senziwa udokotela wakho, okuthi ngemva kokukhuluma nesiguli, aqonde umlando waso wezokwelapha, futhi enezela ubuntu kanye neminyaka yesipiliyoni, anikeze ukwelashwa okufanele.
Ubuchwepheshe be-AI abusoze banikeza ubuntu, uzwela, kanye nokwethembana okudingekayo ekwelashweni kwezokwelapha. Ngakho-ke, i-AI ayithathi indawo yodokotela, kodwa iwumsizi othuthukisa amakhono abo kuphela.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ubuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI) buyithuluzi elinamandla kakhulu elisetshenziswa manje emkhakheni wezokwelapha ukuxilonga nokwelapha izifo.
- Ubuchwepheshe be-AI busiza ekutholeni izifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukene zomdlavuza kusenesikhathi futhi ngokunembile.
- I-AI ayithathi indawo kadokotela, kodwa iwumsizi othuthukisa amakhono kadokotela.
- Isinqumo sokugcina kanye nohlelo lokwelashwa kwanoma yisiphi isimo sezokwelapha kuzokwenziwa njalo ngudokotela wakho ngokusekelwe olwazini lwakhe, okuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe, kanye nobuhlobo bakhe nawe.
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