Wake wezwa nge-atrophic gastritis, isimo lapho ulwelwesi lwesisu luba luncane khona? Ake sixoxe!

Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uzizwe isisu esibuhlungu, noma ukuphelelwa yisifiso sokudla, noma umuzwa wokugcwala esiswini sakho, akunjalo? Mhlawumbe isizathu salokho asilula njengoba ucabanga. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esijulile kancane, kodwa esingabaluleka kubantu abaningi. Leso yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Atrophic Gastritis . Ungakhathazeki, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Iyini i-atrophic gastritis?

Kalula nje, i-atrophic gastritis yisimo lapho ulwelwesi lwesisu sakho, ulwelwesi lwesisu, luncipha kancane kancane bese luvuvukala njalo. Cabanga ngakho njengolwelwesi oluvikelayo ngaphakathi esiswini sakho. Yilokhu okuvikela ulwelwesi lwesisu kuma-asidi aqinile esiswini sakho. Kulwelwesi oluvimbelayo, lolu lwelwesi oluvikelayo luyalimala futhi lube luncane.

Enye into ekhethekile ukuthi kulesi simo, amanye amangqamuzana esiswini sakho aqala ukufana namangqamuzana asemathunjini akho amancane. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-intestinal metaplasia" ngokwezokwelapha. Lokho kusho ukuthi amangqamuzana esiswini sakho athatha ukubukeka kwamangqamuzana asemathunjini akho.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalokhu, akunjalo?

Yebo, uqinisile. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-atrophic gastritis. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini.

1. I-gastritis ebangelwa yimvelo (EMAG)

Lolu uhlobo olulodwa. Odokotela balubiza ngokuthi `(Environmental Metaplastic Atrophic Gastritis)` noma ngamafuphi i-EMAG . Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu ukutheleleka ngebhaktheriya `H. pylori` (Helicobacter pylori).

Cabanga nje, ngaphakathi esiswini sakho kukhona ulwelwesi lwamafinyila oluvikelayo, njengesambulela emvuleni. Yilokhu okuvikela izindonga zesisu kumajusi esisu ane-asidi asiza ekugayeni ukudla. Kodwa uma kufika leli gciwane elibizwa ngokuthi 'H. pylori', lisebenza sengathi lihlaba leso sambulela. Khona-ke lawo ma-asidi e-asidi aqala ukudla izindonga zesisu. Uma lokhu kwenzeka eminyakeni edlule, amaseli esisu ayabhujiswa, ulwelwesi luyancishiswa, bese kuba nesimo se-EMAG.

2. I-atrophic gastritis ehlasela amasosha omzimba (AAG)

Lolu uhlobo lwesibili. Lubizwa ngokuthi `(Autoimmune Atrophic Gastritis)` noma i-AAG ngamafuphi. Ngezinye izikhathi lubizwa nangokuthi `(Autoimmune Gastritis - AIG)`.

Bheka manje, sineqembu labaqaphi. Leso yisimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela. Umsebenzi wabo ukulwa namagciwane abangela izifo. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, njengokungathi bahlasela elinye lawo ngephutha, laba baqaphi baqala ukuhlasela amangqamuzana ethu aphilile. Yilokho okwenzekayo ku-AAG. Lapha, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sihlasela amangqamuzana aphilile odongeni lwesisu sethu ngqo.

Ingabe zikhona izingozi nganoma yiluphi lwalezi zinhlobo?

Yebo, kokubili i-EMAG kanye ne-AAG kungandisa ingozi yakho yokuthola izimila ezincane esiswini sakho. Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi ``Ama-Neuroendocrine Tumors - ama-NET''. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi esiningi, lawa ma-NET awawona umdlavuza (angabi yingozi) , okusho ukuthi awayona ingozi. Kodwa-ke, kokubili i-EMAG kanye ne-AAG kungandisa ingozi yakho yokuthola umdlavuza wesisu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu.

Ubani onethuba elikhulu lokuthuthukisa le EMAG?

Abantu abasengozini enkulu yokuthola i-gastritis ebangelwa yimvelo (EMAG) bahlanganisa:

• Kulabo bohlanga lwase-Asia noma lwase-Hispanic.
• Kulabo abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-70 ubudala.
• Kulabo abadla ukudla okunosawoti omningi.
• Kulabo abanesifo se-`H. pylori`.
• Kulabo abahlala ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi (njengoba lokhu kungasiza ekusabalaleni kwe-`H. pylori`).
• Kulabo ababhemayo.

Ngakho-ke ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa i-AAG?

Kunabantu abasengozini enkulu yokuthola isifo sofuba esibangelwa yi-autoimmune atrophic gastritis (AAG). Laba balandelayo:

• Kwabesifazane (ngaphezu kwabesilisa).
• Kulabo abadabuka e-Afrika-America noma eNyakatho Yurophu.
• Uma othile emndenini esevele ethole i-AAG (kungase kube nokuxhumana kwefa).
• Kulabo abanezinguquko ezithile zofuzo.
• Kubantu abanezinye izifo zokuzivikela komzimba. Isibonelo:
• Isifo sika-Addison
• Izifo ze-thyroid ezizenzakalelayo (isib. isifo sikaHashimoto, isifo sikaGraves)
• Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1
• I-Vitiligo

Zivame kangakanani lezi zimo?

Ngokwezibalo ezivela e-United States, kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe abantu abayi-15% banesifo sohudo esingapheli (AG) . Kuthiwa futhi ukusabalala kwe-AAG kungaba phakathi kuka-0.5% no-2%. Lesi simo asibi nezinkinga zaso eSri Lanka.

Yiziphi izizathu eziqondile zokwakheka kwe-EMAG?

Njengoba sesixoxile kakade, imbangela eyinhloko ye-EMAG ukutheleleka yi-bacterium `H. pylori`. Leli gciwane cishe litheleleka ngesikhathi sobuntwana. Kunezindlela eziningana elingadluliselwa ngazo. Lezi yilezi:

• Ngokuthintana ngqo nendle (indle).
• Ngokudla.
• Ngamathe.
• Ngokuhlanza.
• Ngamanzi.

Lokho kusho ukuthi kubaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela inhlanzeko ukuze uhlale uphephile kula magciwane.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-AAG?

Okwenzekayo ku-AAG ukuthi ama-antibodies emizimba yethu – uhlobo lweprotheni esivikela ezifweni – ahlasela amangqamuzana ethu esisu aphilile.

Enye into ukuthi, la ma-antibodies ngezinye izikhathi angahlasela iphrotheni ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-Intrinsic factor' ekhiqizwa amangqamuzana ethu esiswini. Le 'Intrinsic factor' iyi- vitamin B12.Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi umzimba uwumunce. Ngakho-ke, uma i-'Intrinsic factor' ingekho, umzimba wethu ngeke ukwazi ukumunca i-vitamin B12 ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kuzovimbela umzimba ukuthi ukhiqize amangqamuzana abomvu egazi anempilo, okungaholela ohlotsheni olukhethekile lwe-anemia olubizwa ngokuthi i-'Pernicious anemia'. Uma i-vitamin B12 inganele, ingabangela nokulimala kwemizwa (i-neuropathy).

Ziyini izimpawu ze-EMAG?

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi abanye abantu bangase bangabi nazo izimpawu noma ngabe bane-gastritis engalawuleki. Kodwa-ke, uma i-EMAG ibangelwa ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori, izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ubuhlungu esiswini esingaphezulu.
• I-anemia yokuntuleka kwensimbi.
• Ukudla akunambitheki.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• Izilonda zesisu esiswini noma emathunjini amancane.
• Ukuba mncane ngaphandle kwesizathu.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-AAG?

Njenge-EMAG, abanye abantu abane-AAG bangase bangabi nazimpawu. Kodwa-ke, uma i-AAG ibangela ukuntuleka kwe-vitamin B12, izimpawu ezihlobene ne-anemia kanye nomonakalo wezinzwa zingase zivele. Izimpawu zifaka:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba.
• Isiyezi, ikhanda elikhanyayo, ubuthakathaka.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo.
• Ukudideka kwengqondo, njengokuphambana kwengqondo.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• Isikhumba esimpunga.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo.
• Ukuzwa komsindo ozwakala ngaphakathi ezindlebeni (i-Tinnitus).
• Ukuba ndikindiki nokulahlekelwa umuzwa ezithweni.

Udokotela ukubona kanjani lokhu? (Ukuxilongwa)

Uma ubika izimpawu ezinjengalezi, udokotela uzoqala ngokukubuza imibuzo bese ekwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, okuhlanganisa nokuthinta isisu sakho ukuze abone ukuthi kukhona yini ukuthamba.

Uma kusolwa ukuthi i-gastritis ayisebenzi kahle, udokotela angase asikisele ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningana, okufana nalokhu:

• Inani lamaseli abomvu egazi elinempilo (amazinga aphansi angabangela i-anemia).
• Izinga lensimbi.
• Izinhlobo zama-antibodies (ikakhulukazi uma kusolwa ukuthi i-AAG).
• Amazinga e-Gastrin, i-hormone esiza ekwenzeni i-asidi esiswini.
• Amazinga e-'Pepsinogen', iphrotheni ekhiqizwa amaseli esiswini.
• Amazinga e-Vitamin B12.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela angenza ne-endoscopy .

• Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ipayipi elincane (i-endoscope) elinekhamera exhunywe ngomlomo wakho ukuze ubuke kahle ngaphakathi esiswini sakho. Ungakhathazeki, uzolaliswa noma unikezwe i-laxation ngaphambi kwenqubo, ngakho ngeke uzizwe ungakhululekile.
• Ngalesi sikhathi, kungathathwa ingcezu encane yezicubu ezivela odongeni lwesisu ukuze kwenziwe i-biopsy. Lokhu kungaqinisekisa ukuthi i-atrophic gastritis ikhona yini nokuthi i-bacteria i-H. pylori ikhona yini.
• Lokhu kungahlola nezimila ezifana ne-"Neuroendocrine tumors - NETs" esikhulume ngazo ngaphambilini.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Izinketho zokwelapha zincike ekutheni une-EMAG noma i-AAG.

Ukwelashwa kwe-EMAG

• Uma kukhona ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori, kunikezwa ama-antibiotic ukuze akubulale.
• Imithi enciphisa i-asidi esiswini inganikezwa.
• Kubalulekile futhi ukuqapha isimo ngokwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-endoscopy njalo.

Ukwelashwa kwe-AAG

• Uma amazinga e-vitamin B12 ephansi, kungadingeka imijovo ye-vitamin B12 ukuze iwandise.
• Uma amazinga ensimbi ephansi, ukumnika insimbi kungafakwa ngemithambo yegazi .

Uma ubona amaqhubu amancane abizwa ngokuthi ama-NET ngesikhathi se-endoscopy, udokotela wakho angawasusa ngesikhathi esifanayo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-endoscopic mucosal resection. Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, la maqhubu ngokuvamile awawona umdlavuza (angabi yingozi). Kodwa-ke, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuwahlola njalo eminyakeni emibili.

Unganciphisa kanjani ingozi ye-atrophic gastritis (AG)?

Ukuze ugweme ukutheleleka nge-H. pylori, okungabangela i-EMAG, udinga ukuqaphela kakhulu ngokuhlanzeka. Ikakhulukazi:

• Ngemva kokushintsha inabukeni.
• Ngemva kokuya endlini yangasese.
• Ngaphambi kokudla.

Qiniseka ukuthi ugeza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho. Faka umkhuba wokugeza izandla zakho njalo ezinganeni zakho.

Kodwa-ke, akukho esingakwenza ukuvimbela isimo sokuzivikela komzimba esibizwa ngokuthi i-AAG ukuthi singenzeki. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu zaso, ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma kudingeka, nokuqapha isimo.

Kwenzekani uma uphila nalesi simo? (Outlook)

Nakuba kungekho ikhambi le-atrophic gastritis, abantu abaningi bangaphila impilo evamile, engenazo izimpawu. Abanye abantu kungadingeka bathathe i-vitamin B12 noma izithasiselo zensimbi impilo yabo yonke.

Inani elincane labantu abanalesi simo, abasengozini enkulu kancane, ngokuvamile kudingeka benze i-endoscopy njalo eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemihlanu (ukuhlolwa kwe-endoscopic). Kodwa-ke, nakuba kukhona ingozi yokuthola umdlavuza wesisu phakathi kwalaba bantu, iphansi kakhulu. Abantu abanalezo ziqhubu ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-NET nabo bangadinga ukubhekwa, kodwa ngokuvamile abanawo umdlavuza.

Unganakekela kanjani uma une-EMAG?

Uma une-EMAG, ungenza lezi zinto ukunciphisa izinkinga:

• Uma ubhema, yeka nakanjani.
• Jwayela ukudla okulawulwa usawoti (i-sodium).
• Bheka udokotela wezifo zamathumbu bese uhlola isimo sakho njalo ngezikhathi ezithile.

Uzinakekela kanjani uma une-AAG?

Uma untula i-vitamin B12, ungangeza ukudla okucebile ku-B12 ekudleni kwakho. Isibonelo:

• Inyama yenkomo
• Ama-clams
• Amaqanda
• Izinhlanzi ezinamafutha (njenge-salmon, i-mackerel, kanye ne-sardine)
• Okusanhlamvu okuqinisiwe
• Ubisi
• I-yogathi

Futhi, abantu abane-AAG kufanele baqhubeke nokubona udokotela wezifo zamathumbu ukuze aqaphe isimo futhi enze izinguquko ezidingekayo zokwelapha.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

I-Atrophic gastritis yisimo lapho ulwelwesi lwesisu luba luncane futhi luvuvuke. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili: i-EMAG, ebangelwa ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori, kanye ne-AAG, ebangelwa inkinga ngesistimu yomzimba.

• Izimpawu azibonakali ngendlela efanayo kuwo wonke umuntu. Zingafaka phakathi izinto ezifana nobuhlungu besisu, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, kanye nokuntuleka kwevithamini B12.
• Lokhu kungahlolwa ngokunembile kuphela ngokuhlolwa kwegazi kanye ne-endoscopy.
• Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa imithi ye-H. pylori, imijovo ye-vitamin B12, kanye ne-iron.
• Abantu abaningi bangaphila impilo evamile. Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uthintana nodokotela futhi uthole izivivinyo nokwelashwa okudingekayo.

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, noma uma uzizwa sengathi unalezi zimpawu, sicela ubonane nodokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko. Ungakhathazeki, kunezixazululo zakho konke!

I- Atrophic Gastritis, i-Atrophic Gastritis, Ukuvuvukala kwesisu, Isisu, i-H. pylori, i-Vitamin B12, i-Anemia, i-Endoscopy, i-Gastritis