Uma odokotela bethola ukuthi wena noma umuntu oseduze nawe unomdlavuza, kuvamile ukuzizwa udidekile futhi wesaba ngisho nezinketho zokwelapha. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngomuthi ohlukile obizwa ngokuthi i-Avelumab, osetshenziselwa ukwelapha izinhlobo eziningana zomdlavuza. Ake sixoxe ngezinkinga nezinto okudingeka uzazi ngalo muthi ngendlela elula necacile.
Iyini le mithi ebizwa ngokuthi i-Avelumab?
Kalula nje, i-Avelumab (igama lomkhiqizo: i-BAVENCIO) iwumuthi wokugomela ongowesigaba esikhethekile semithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-antibody e-monoclonal . Cabanga ngakho njengesosha eliqeqeshwe kahle elisiza amasosha omzimba wethu. Lokho okwenziwa yilo muthi ukusiza amasosha omzimba ethu ukuthi abone amangqamuzana omdlavuza, awahlasele, futhi awabhubhise.
Lo muthi usetshenziswa kakhulu ukwelapha izinhlobo ezintathu zomdlavuza:
- I-Merkel cell carcinoma: Lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba olungavamile kodwa olusakazeka ngokushesha.
- Umdlavuza wamaseli ezinso: Lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza oluvela ezinso.
- Umdlavuza we-Urothelial: Uhlobo lomdlavuza oluvela esinyeni noma kwezinye izingxenye zesistimu yomchamo.
Ngaphezu kwalokhu, udokotela wakho angase akunike lo muthi kwezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Uma unemibuzo ngawo, buza udokotela wakho.
Izinto okudingeka uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa nge-Avelumab, kubalulekile ukuthi utshele udokotela wakho ngomlando wakho wezempilo ophelele. Ungafihli lutho. Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo.
- Uma unesifo sokuzivikela komzimba: Kalula nje, lesi yisifo lapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela khona amangqamuzana omzimba aphilile. Isibonelo, izifo ezifana nesifo sikaCrohn, i-ulcerative colitis, noma i-lupus.
- Uma uke waba noma uhlela ukufakelwa i-stem cell: ikakhulukazi ukufakelwa i-allogeneic stem cell.
- Uma unesifo senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol egazini.
- Uma kunomlando wokufakelwa isitho.
- Uma unezifo ezihlobene nesimiso sezinzwa: Isibonelo, izimo ezifana ne-`myasthenia gravis` noma i-`Guillain-Barre syndrome`.
- Uma uke waba nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba ne-avelumab noma yimuphi omunye umuthi, ukudla, noma idayi.
- Uma ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, noma uncelisa: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ngingakunika kanjani lo muthi?
Lona akuwona umuthi ongawuthatha ekhaya. I-Avelumab iwumjovo ofakwa kancane kancane emzimbeni wakho ngomthambo (ukuwufaka emthanjeni) . Kufana nokukunika usawoti. Lokhu kwelashwa kunikezwa esibhedlela noma emtholampilo, ngaphansi kokuqashwa okuseduze ngudokotela noma abasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe bobuhlengikazi .
Ngaphambi kweseshini ngayinye yokwelashwa, uzonikezwa incwajana yolwazi ekhethekile (i-MedGuide) ngalo muthi. Kubalulekile ukuwufunda nokuwuqonda ngokucophelela isikhathi ngasinye.
Kuthiwani uma uphuza umuthi omningi kakhulu? (Umthamo oweqile)
Lokhu kunikezwa esibhedlela ngakho amathuba okuba lokhu kwenzeke mancane kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma ucabanga ukuthi usuthathe lo muthi omningi kakhulu, yazisa abasebenzi bezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ngaphandle kwalokho, shayela iNational Poisons Information Centre eColombo National Hospital , noma uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela esiseduze.
Izinto okufanele uzicabangele ngesikhathi sokwelashwa
Udokotela wakho uzokuqapha eduze phakathi nokwelashwa kwakho, futhi cishe kuzodingeka ukuthi uhlolwe igazi njalo ukuze uqaphe imiphumela yokwelashwa kanye nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi.
Qaphela kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa!
Lolu udaba olubaluleke kakhulu.
- Gwema ukukhulelwa ngokuphelele ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi futhi okungenani inyanga eyodwa ngemva kokuyeka ukwelashwa. Abesifazane kufanele baqaphele kakhulu ngalokhu, njengoba lo muthi ungabangela umonakalo omkhulu enganeni engakazalwa.
- Futhi, gwema ukuncelisa ingane yakho ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi futhi okungenani inyanga eyodwa ngemva komthamo wokugcina.
Uma unemibuzo ngalokhu, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona yalo muthi?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, i-Avelumab ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Eminye imiphumela emibi ingaba mibi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuyiqaphela. Ake siqonde lokhu ngokucacile kuthebula elingezansi.
| Uhlobo lomphumela ongemuhle | Izici |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela emibi kakhulu okufanele ibikwe kudokotela wakho noma kubasebenzi abahlengikazi ngokushesha | |
| Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba nezinkinga zesistimu yomzimba | Ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuqina kwesifuba, izinhlungu zomzimba, umkhuhlane, ukuzizwa ubanda, ukubomvu kwesikhumba, amabhamuza (kungenzeka nangaphakathi emlonyeni), ubuhlungu bamalunga, ukukhathala okukhulu. |
| Izinkinga zesistimu yokugaya ukudla | Ubuhlungu besisu, isifo sohudo esibi kakhulu (esinegazi noma esinamanzi), ukuqunjelwa, indle emnyama noma ephuzile, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza. |
| Izimpawu zokulimala kwezinso | Ukwehla noma ukushintsha kwenani lomchamo, ubunzima bokuchama, ukuvuvukala emilenzeni noma emaqakaleni. |
| Izimpawu zokulimala kwesibindi | Umchamo ophuzi noma onsundu omnyama, ukuphuzi kwamehlo noma isikhumba, ubuhlungu engxenyeni engenhla kwesokudla yesisu, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, kanye nokuzizwa ukhathele. |
| Ezinye izimpawu ezinkulu | Ubuhlungu emhlane, ukushintsha kombono, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile, ukuquleka, ukujuluka ngokweqile, ukwehla kwesisindo, ukuncipha kwezinwele, indlala noma ukoma ngokweqile. |
| Imiphumela emibi evame ukungabi mibi kakhulu, kodwa okufanele ibikwe kudokotela uma iqhubeka | |
| Ukulimala okuncane | Ikhanda elibuhlungu, ubuhlungu bamathambo, ubuhlungu bemisipha, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla. |
Lolu hlu aluhlanganisi yonke imiphumela emibi engaba khona. Uma ubona okuthile okuhlukile, tshela udokotela wakho ngakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Avelumab iwumuthi wokugomela okhethekile ovuselela amasosha omzimba wethu futhi unikezwa izinhlobo eziningana zomdlavuza.
- Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, tshela udokotela wakho ngazo zonke izimo zakho zezokwelapha, imithi oyiphuzayo, kanye nokungezwani komzimba ngaphandle kokufihla lutho.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugwema ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi futhi okungenani inyanga eyodwa ngemva kokuwuyeka.
- Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi efana nobunzima bokuphefumula, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, uhudo olubi, noma ukuphuzi kwamehlo.
- Ungaphuthelwa ukubona udokotela wakho. Uma ungakwazi ukufika, mtshele kusenesikhathi bese wenza esinye i-aphoyintimenti.
- Kuyilungelo lakho ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyengeziwe (ama-FAQ)
💬 Asetshenziselwani amaphilisi e-Felodipine/Plendil?
Leli iphilisi lomfutho wegazi elisebenza kahle kakhulu futhi elinamandla (i-Calcium Channel Blocker - CCB) emhlabeni, elenzelwe ukulawula 'umfutho wegazi ophakeme kakhulu'! Leli philisi lenzelwe ukuthi limuncwe kancane kakhulu (ukukhululwa okunwetshiwe), ukuze ligcine ingcindezi iphansi usuku lonke (amahora angama-24).
💬 Ukuthatha leli philisi lomfutho wegazi (i-Felodipine) kukwehlisa kanjani ngokushesha umfutho wegazi lethu?
Ukuze umthambo wegazi unciphe/unciphe futhi ingcindezi ikhuphuke, izinhlayiya ze-'Calcium' kumele zingene emthambo wegazi! Lapho nje leli philisi lingena egazini, wonke amasango e-calcium (iziteshi ze-calcium zohlobo lwe-L) kulezo zimithambo yegazi ayavalwa/avalwa ngo-100% futhi akhiywe. Njengoba i-calcium ingangeni, umthambo wegazi awunciphi futhi uba mkhulu kakhulu (i-Vasodilation). Ngemuva kwalokho, igazi ligeleza kalula njengomfula bese ingcindezi iyehla.
💬 Yimiphi imiphumela emibi ecasulayo yokusebenzisa lo muthi (i-Felodipine)? Kungani kuthiwa ungadli i-grapefruit?
Inkinga enkulu ukuthi akufanele neze uphuze 'ijusi le-Grapefruit/Grapefruit (uhlobo lwe-orange elimnandi)' ngenkathi uthatha leli philisi! Uma uliphuza, ukumuncwa kwalo muthi emzimbeni kuzokhula ngendlela engavamile ngo-100% futhi ingcindezi ingase yehle ekugcineni bese uquleka (CYP3A4 Inhibition)! Eminye imiphumela emibi ecasulayo kakhulu ukuthi lokhu kuzobangela 'Ukuvuvukala kwamaqakala/imilenze (Peripheral Edema)' kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo/ukubomvu kwesifuba (Ukushawa).
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