Ingabe uneqhubu elingenabuhlungu entanyeni yakho, emakhwapheni, noma embotsheni? Noma ingabe ukhathazwa ukujuluka kakhulu kangangokuthi amashidi akho awanamanzi ebusuku? Lokhu kungaba okuvamile, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba izimpawu zohlobo lomdlavuza wegazi olubizwa ngokuthi i-B-Cell Lymphoma. Ungesabi uma uzwa leli gama. Akunzima ukuliqonda. Ake sixoxe ngalo kalula, ngokucacile, nangendlela ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, iyini i-B-Cell Lymphoma?
I-B-cell lymphoma uhlobo lomdlavuza wegazi oluvela ohlelweni lwethu lwe-lymphatic. Kulungile, manje ake senze lokhu kube lula nakakhulu.
Igazi lethu liqukethe uhlobo lweseli elibizwa ngokuthi amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi. Lawa afana nebutho lemizimba yethu. Lawa maseli asivikela ngokulwa namagciwane abangela izifo. Olunye uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi lubizwa ngokuthi ama-lymphocyte. Phakathi kwalawa ma-lymphocyte, kukhona uhlobo olukhethekile olubizwa ngokuthi ama-B-cell. Ayingxenye eyinhloko yebutho lokuzivikela lemizimba yethu.
Uma kuvela i-B-cell lymphoma, kukhona okungahambi kahle ngala ma-B-cell, okubangela ukuba ahlukane futhi azalane ngokungalawuleki, abe amangqamuzana anomdlavuza futhi akhe izimila.
Uhlelo lwethu lwe-lymphatic luyinethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi, ama-lymph node, kanye nezicubu ezisakazeke kuwo wonke umzimba wethu. Kufana nohlelo lwesibili lokujikeleza kwegazi emzimbeni wethu. Yingakho i-B-cell lymphoma ingakhula noma kuphi emzimbeni. Yingakho izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu.
Okubalulekile, i-B-cell lymphoma uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Ezimweni eziningi, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo. Ezinye izinhlobo zingelapheka ngokuphelele. Kwezinye, izimpawu zingancishiswa futhi umdlavuza ungagcinwa ukhululekile.
Lezi lymphomas zihlukaniswe kakhulu zibe izinhlobo ezimbili:
Uma udokotela wakho ekhuluma ngalesi sifo, angasebenzisa amagama amabili: “ubudlova” kanye “nobuvila.” Yilokhu akushoyo:
- Uhlobo olunamandla (olusakazeka ngokushesha): Lolu hlobo lukhula ngokushesha futhi lungasakazeka (lusakazeka) kwezinye izitho ezingaphandle komzimba ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-lymphatic.
- Uhlobo olubuthakathaka (olukhula kancane): Lolu hlobo lukhula kancane kakhulu. Lungase lungabonakali izimpawu iminyaka eminingi.
Ukuze kube lula ukuqonda, ake sibheke lezi zinhlobo etafuleni elifana naleli.
| Uhlobo lwe-lymphoma | Incazelo elula nezibonelo |
|---|---|
| Ulaka (lusakazeka ngokushesha) | Lezi zikhula ngokushesha. Izibonelo:
|
| I-Indolent (ekhula kancane) | Lokhu kungaba nezimpawu izinyanga noma iminyaka. Izibonelo:
|
Ziyini izimpawu ze-B-cell lymphoma?
Ngezinye izikhathi ungaba ne-B-cell lymphoma ngaphandle kwezimpawu. Ikakhulukazi ezinhlotsheni ezikhula kancane, ivame ukutholakala ngengozi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesinye isifo. Kodwa-ke, kufanele ukhathazeke uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezilandelayo:
| Isibonakaliso | Kusho ukuthini lokhu? |
|---|---|
| Ama-lymph node avuvukele | Amaqhubu angenabuhlungu entanyeni, emakhwapheni nasezimbotsheni. Lolu uphawu oluvame kakhulu. |
| Ukujuluka ngokweqile ebusuku | Ukujuluka ngokushesha nje lapho izingubo zakho zokulala namashidi okulala emanzi. |
| Umkhuhlane ngaphandle kwesizathu | Umkhuhlane (ongaphezu kwama-38 Celsius / 100.4 Fahrenheit) ohlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezimbili noma oqhubekayo. |
| Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu | Ukwehlisa isisindo ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukudla noma ukuzivocavoca. |
| Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo | Ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uthola ukuphumula okungakanani. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu kungaba ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza emnkantsheni wethambo anciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi, okubangela i-anemia. |
| Ubuhlungu besisu | Ezinye izinhlobo zingabangela ubuhlungu besisu obungapheli ngoba buqala esiswini. |
| Isifiso sokudla | Uma udevu luvuvukele, lungacindezela amathumbu futhi lukwenze uzizwe usuthi ngisho nangemva kokudla kancane. |
| Ukulunywa (Pruritus) noma izinguquko zesikhumba | Ezinye izinhlobo ziqala esikhumbeni futhi zingabangela ukuqubuka, amathumba, kanye namaqhubu. Noma uma isibindi sithintekile, isikhumba singase silume. |
Khumbula, ukuba nesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu akusho ukuthi une-lymphoma. Umkhuhlane ovamile ungabangela nomphimbo obuhlungu. Kodwa uma lezi zimpawu ziqhubeka noma ziba zimbi kakhulu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho ukuze akunike iseluleko.
Kungani kwenzeka into efana nale?
Kunzima ukukhomba imbangela eyodwa yalokhu. Into eyinhloko ukuthi amaseli ethu e-B aba nomdlavuza ngenxa yoshintsho olungavamile lwezakhi zofuzo (ukuguqulwa) okwenzeka lapho ehlukana. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo luthole ukuthi izici ezithile zingase zandise kancane ingozi yokuthuthukisa lokhu.
- Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa ukuzivikela komzimba: Isibonelo, abantu abanezifo ezifana ne-rheumatoid arthritis kanye ne-Sjörgren's syndrome.
- Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane: Ukuchayeka kumagciwane afana ne-HIV (igciwane le-human immunodeficiency virus), igciwane le-Epstein-Barr.
- Umlando womndeni: Uma othile emndenini eke waba nomdlavuza njenge-Hodgkin lymphoma.
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile: Isisindo somzimba esiningi kakhulu siyinto eyingozi.
Ukuthola kanjani lokhu, Dokotela?
Uma uya kudokotela, uzobuza ngezimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha. Ngemuva kwalokho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba futhi ahlole ama-lymph node akho, isibindi, kanye ne-spleen ukuthi awanaso yini ukuvuvukala. Uma kukhona ukungabaza, uzokudlulisela kudokotela we-hematologist-oncologist. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
- Inani eliphelele legazi (i-CBC): Lilinganisa izinhlobo kanye nenani lamaseli egazini.
- Iphaneli ephelele ye-metabolic (CMP): Ihlola ukusebenza kwezitho ezifana nesibindi nezinso.
- I-Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH): Amazinga aphezulu alokhu angaba uphawu lwe-lymphoma.
Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe
- Ukuskena kwe-CT, ukuskena kwe-PET, kanye nokuskena kwe-ultrasound: Lokhu kungahlola isimo sama-lymph node kanye nezitho zomzimba ngaphakathi komzimba.
Ukuhlolwa kwebhayoloji
Lena yindlela kuphela yokuqinisekisa isifo ngo-100%.
Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula encane ye-lymph node evuvukele noma izicubu ezisolisayo bese uzihlola ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu. Lokhu kungasiza ekutholeni uhlobo oluqondile lwe-lymphoma.
- I-biopsy yokukhipha noma yokusika: Ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa kwayo yonke noma ingxenye ye-lymph node.
- Ukufuthwa kwenaliti encane (i-FNA): Ukuthola inani elincane lamaseli usebenzisa inalithi encane.
- Ukuhlolwa komnkantsha wethambo: Ukuthatha isampula encane yomnkantsha wethambo ukuze ihlolwe.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Akukho ukwelashwa okulingana konke kwalokhu. Ukwelashwa okutholayo kuzoncika ezicini ezifana nohlobo lwe-lymphoma onayo, ukuthi lesi sifo sesisakazeke kangakanani, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokhetha uhlelo lokwelashwa olukulungele kakhulu futhi olunemiphumela emibi embalwa kakhulu.
Izindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko yilezi:
- Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Ukunikeza imithi ebulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
- Ukwelashwa Ngezifo Ezithathelwana Ngomzimba: Ukuvuselela amasosha omzimba wakho ukuze alwe namaseli omdlavuza.
- Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza kusetshenziswa imisebe enamandla aphezulu.
- Ukwelashwa okuqondiwe: Ukunikeza imithi eqondisa futhi ihlasele amangqamuzana omdlavuza kuphela. Isibonelo: `(ukwelashwa ngama-antibody e-monoclonal)`.
- Ukulinda okuqaphile/ukuqapha okusebenzayo: Kwezinhlobo ezikhula kancane, isimo sakho siqashwa njalo, ngaphandle kokuqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha uma ungenazo izimpawu. Ukwelashwa kuqala kuphela uma izimpawu ziqala ukubonakala.
Imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa
Zonke izindlela zokwelapha zingaba nemiphumela emibi. Izinto ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwesisu, uhudo, ukukhathala, isicanucanu nokuhlanza zivame ukwenzeka. Ungesabi lezi zinto. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngazo obala. Kunemithi yokusiza ukulawula imiphumela emibi.
Isikhathi sokubona udokotela nokuthi nini sokuya e-ETU
Kuzodingeka ubone udokotela wakho njalo phakathi nokwelashwa kwakho. Ngemva kokuphela kokwelashwa, uzohlolwa ngesheduli ejwayelekile ukuze kubonakale ukuthi isifo sesibuyile yini.
Kodwa-ke, esimweni esinjalo , iya e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela ngokushesha:
- Uma umkhuhlane wakho ungaphezu kwama-38 Celsius (100.4 Fahrenheit) futhi ungehli, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukwelashwa kungase kwenze buthaka amasosha omzimba wakho futhi kuholele ekuthelelekeni.
- Uma imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa inzima kakhulu ukuthi ingalawulwa ngemithi enqunywe udokotela.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-B-cell lymphoma uhlobo lomdlavuza wegazi oluqala kuma-B-cell esistimu yethu yomzimba.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko amaqhubu angenabuhlungu entanyeni, emakhwapheni, noma emisipheni, ukujuluka ngokweqile ebusuku, ukukhathala okuqhubekayo, kanye nokwehla kwesisindo okungachazeki.
- Uma lezi zimpawu ziqhubeka, ungazinaki futhi nakanjani ubone udokotela.
- Kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha lesi sifo eziphumelelayo namuhla, ngakho ungalilahli ithemba uma usutholakele ukuthi unaso.
- Akudingeki ukuthi udlule kulolu hambo wedwa. Thola ukwesekwa eqenjini lakho lezokwelapha, umndeni, kanye nabangani. Impilo yakho yengqondo ibaluleke njengempilo yakho yomzimba.
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