Ukwelashwa kwe-BCG: Okudingeka ukwazi ngalokhu kwelashwa komdlavuza wesinye (Ukwelashwa kwe-BCG)

Ingabe udokotela wakho ukutshelile ukuthi unomdlavuza wesinyi nokuthi udinga ukwelashwa nge-BCG? Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane futhi ukhathazekile uma uzwa lokho. "Uhlobo luni lomuthi?", "Ingabe lokhu kuzokwenza uzizwe ugula?", njll. Imibuzo eminingi cishe ifika engqondweni. Kodwa lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha esetshenziswa kabanzi eye yabonakala iphumelela kubantu abaningi abanomdlavuza wesinyi osesigabeni sokuqala. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe kafushane ngokuthi kuyini ukwelashwa nge-BCG, kwenziwa kanjani, nokuthi yini okudingeka ukwazi.

Kuyini ngempela ukwelashwa kwe-BCG?

Kalula nje, i-BCG (i-Bacillus Calmette-Guerin) iyindlela yokwelapha enikezwa ngaphakathi kwesinye. Lokhu kubizwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi i-intravesical immunotherapy . Kungumuthi owuketshezi. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngomuthi wokugomela isifo sofuba (TB). Umuthi we-BCG wenziwa ngokwenza buthaka igciwane `(Mycobacterium bovis)`, okuwuhlobo olufanayo lwebhaktheriya elisetshenziswa ukwenza lowo muthi wokugomela. Kungase kuzwakale kuyesabisa kancane uma uthi "ukufaka amagciwane emzimbeni wakho", kodwa lokho okwenzayo ukwenza buthaka amagciwane ngendlela engalimazi umzimba wakho futhi ivuselele amasosha omzimba wakho ukulwa namaseli omdlavuza.

Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukuqala ngemva kokuba umdlavuza wesinye usususiwe ngokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kubizwa ngokuthi i-TURBT (ukususwa kwe-transurethral kwesimila sesinye) . Ngemva kwalokho, ukwelashwa kwe-BCG kunikezwa ukuze kubhujiswe noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zezifo ezinikezwa lolu hlobo lokwelashwa kwe-BCG?

Ukwelashwa kwe-BCG kusetshenziselwa kakhulu ukwelapha umdlavuza wesinye osesigabeni sokuqala . Lokhu kusho ukuthi umdlavuza awukasabalali uye emisipheni yesinye. Isibonelo, usebenza kahle kakhulu ezimweni ezifana ne-`(carcinoma in situ)` (umdlavuza osalokhu ukhona lapho waqala khona) kanye ne-`(umdlavuza wesinye ongenayo imisipha - ama-NMIBC)`.

Izivivinyo zemitholampilo ziyaqhubeka okwamanje ukuze kubonwe ukuthi i-BCG ingasetshenziswa yini ekwelapheni izimo ezifana ne-fibromyalgia nesifo sikashukela, kodwa azikho iziphetho eziqondile ezifinyelelwe okwamanje.

Ingabe i-BCG uhlobo lwe-chemotherapy?

Cha. Yilapho abantu abaningi bedideka khona. I-BCG akuyona i-chemotherapy. I-Chemotherapy ihilela ukunikeza imithi enamandla ebulala ngqo amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Kodwa i-BCG iwukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy.. Okusho ukuthi, lo muthi awubulali ngqo amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Kunalokho, "usula" amasosha omzimba wakho , uwuqeqesha ukuthi uqaphele futhi uhlasele amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Kufana nokubonisa ibutho lethu isitha futhi ulisize lilwe.

Ungazilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokwelashwa kwe-BCG?

Udokotela wakho uzochaza ngokucacile ukuthi yini okudingeka uyenze ngaphambi kokwelashwa. Ngokuvamile, kufanele ulandele le miyalelo:

• Gwema ukuphuza iziphuzo ezine-caffeine, njengekhofi netiye, amahora amane ngaphambi kokwelashwa.
• Futhi, uma uthatha amaphilisi okukhipha isisu/amanzi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho futhi ugweme ukuwathatha amahora amane ngaphambi kokwelashwa kwakho.
• Ngemva kokufika esibhedlela, kufanele uchame kahle bese ukhipha isinyi sakho ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa.

Lezi zinto zenziwa ukuze umuthi we-BCG onikezwayo uhlale kahle esinyeni futhi unikeze imiphumela emihle kakhulu.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokwelashwa?

Ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukwelashwa, indawo izobe ivaliwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi awuzizwa ungakhululekile. Ngemuva kwalokho, udokotela noma umhlengikazi uzofaka ipayipi elincane (i-catheter) nge-urethra yakho iye kwesinye. Lokhu kungase kuzwakale kungakhululekile, kodwa ngeke kube buhlungu kakhulu. Isixazululo se-BCG sizofakwa kwesinye ngepayipi. Uma umuthi usufakwe ngokuphelele, ipayipi lizosuswa. Ungabe usuya ekhaya.

Noma kunjalo, ngisho nangemva kokubuyela ekhaya, kufanele uzame ukungachami okungenani ihora elilodwa . Sekukonke, kunconywa ukuthi ugcine umuthi esinyeni sakho amahora amabili . Phakathi nalawa mahora amabili, ungase ucelwe ukuthi ushintshe ukuma komzimba wakho (uphenduke) njalo ngemizuzu eyi-15. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umuthi ufinyelela kuzo zonke izingxenye zesinyi sakho. Ngemva kokuba amahora amabili esephelile, ungachama ngokujwayelekile.

Ingabe lokhu kwelashwa kungadluliselwa kwabanye? Yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha okufanele zithathwe?

Yebo, lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Umuthi wokugomela i-BCG uqukethe amabhaktheriya aphilayo, kodwa abuthakathaka. Ngakho-ke, lawa mabhaktheriya angadluliselwa kusuka kuwe aye komunye umuntu. Ukuze uvimbele lokhu, kufanele ulandele lezi zinyathelo emahoreni ayisithupha okuqala ngemva kokwelashwa ngakunye :

• Ungasebenzisi izindlu zangasese zomphakathi. Sebenzisa indlu yakho yangasese ekhaya ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Phuza amanzi amaningi kanye noketshezi. Lokhu kuzonciphisa umchamo wakho futhi kunciphise ukugcwala kwamagciwane.
• Hlala phansi uma uchama. Lokhu kuzonciphisa inani lomchamo ochithekayo.
• Okubaluleke kakhulu: Ngemva kokuchama, thela izinkomishi ezimbili ze-bleach engaxutshwe nalutho esitsheni sendlu yangasese, uvale isivalo, bese uyivumela ihlale imizuzu eyi-15-20.Yishiye cishe ihora bese uyihlanza. Lokhu kuzobulala noma yimaphi amagciwane angase abe sendlini yangasese.
• Uma unenkinga yokungakwazi ukuzibamba umchamo futhi izingubo zakho zombhede zingcolile ngomchamo, zigeze zodwa emshinini wokuwasha. Ungazihlanganisi nezingubo zabanye abantu.
• Uma usebenzisa i-incontinence pad, yicwilise ku-bleach encane ngaphambi kokuyisusa, uyifake esikhwameni sepulasitiki, uyibophe ngokuqinile, bese uyilahla emgqonyeni kadoti.
• Uma uya ocansini ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, kufanele nakanjani usebenzise ikhondomu . Buza udokotela wakho ngolwazi olwengeziwe ngalokhu.

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa kwe-BCG?

Njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa, ukwelashwa kwe-BCG kungabangela imiphumela emibi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu ngokuvamile akukubi kakhulu futhi kuyaphela zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu.

Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imithi yokulawula le miphumela emibi evamile. Ungathatha umuthi ovamile wokuqeda izinhlungu, njenge-paracetamol, ngenxa yomkhuhlane nobuhlungu.

Ngingashayela nini udokotela ucingo?

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu (ngaphezu kuka-38.5°C noma u-101.3°F)
• Uma ubanda futhi uthuthumela
• Uma isinye sibuhlungu (ukuqaqamba kwesinye)
• Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza okukhulu

Izimpawu ezinjengalezi zingase zibonise isimo esifana nokutheleleka, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Kungenzeka yini ukuthi umdlavuza uphinde ubuye ngemva kokwelashwa kwe-BCG?

Lona futhi umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa komdlavuza, kunengozi yokuthi umdlavuza uphinde ubuye ngemva kwe-BCG. Ngokwezibalo, abantu abangafika ku-40% abathola ukwelashwa kwe-BCG bangase babuyelwe umdlavuza.

Kodwa nansi into ebalulekile okufanele uyiqonde. Ngisho noma umdlavuza ubuya, awubi mubi noma usakazeke njalo. Umdlavuza wezinga eliphansi ezigabeni zokuqala ngokuvamile awusabalali kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Akuvamile ukuthi umdlavuza onamandla uvele ngemva kokwelashwa kwe-BCG. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi kususwe isinye sonke, okuhilela ukususwa kwaso sonke. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuhlolwa njalo ngemva kokwelashwa.