Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi unesifo sikashukela, into yokuqala ongase uyinikwe iphilisi elibizwa ngokuthi i-Metformin. Namuhla, sizokhuluma kalula nangokucacile ngalo muthi ovamile onikezwa abantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili, hhayi eSri Lanka kuphela, kodwa nasemhlabeni jikelele. Sizobheka konke kusukela kulokho okuyikho, ukuthi kwenzani emzimbeni, nokuthi yini okudingeka siyiqaphele.
Ayini ama-biguanide? Ingabe afana ne-metformin?
Kalula nje, amaBiguanides yigama elinikezwa iqembu lemithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sikashukela. Njengoba nje kunezinhlobo zezimoto. Njengoba nje kunezinhlobo zezimoto, amaveni, namabhasi, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zemithi yesifo sikashukela. AmaBiguanides angelinye lamaqembu anjalo.
Njengamanje, umuthi okuwukuphela kwawo osetshenziswa kulesi sigaba emazweni amaningi omhlaba yiMetformin . Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma uthatha iMetformin, uthatha umuthi ongowesigaba seBiguanide. Lo muthi uthathwa ngomlomo ngesimo sethebhulethi. Lo muthi ungaba ngaphansi kwamagama emikhiqizo ahlukene njengeGlucophage®, Fortamet®, kodwa wonke aqukethe iMetformin.
Yiziphi izimo ezisetshenziswa yiMetformin?
Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko nokuvunyelwe ngokusemthethweni kwe-metformin ukulawula isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Eqinisweni, i-metformin ivame ukuba yindlela yokuqala yokwelapha odokotela abaqala ngayo isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Kodwa ngaphezu kwalokho, odokotela banikeza lo muthi nezinye izimo eziningi zempilo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukusetshenziswa "okungekho ku-label". Okusho ukuthi, umuthi unikezwa kwezinye izindlela ezizuzisayo kunalezo owawuvunyelwe ngazo ekuqaleni.
| Ezinye izindlela zokusebenzisa i-Metformin | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Isifo Sikashukela Sokukhulelwa | Lawula isifo sikashukela esiba khona kwabanye omama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. |
| I-Prediabetes | Lawula amazinga kashukela egazini kubantu abasengozini yokuthola isifo sikashukela bese ubambezela noma uvimbele ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela. |
| I-Polycystic ovary syndrome (i-PCOS) | Kusiza ekulawuleni ukungalingani kwama-hormone kanye nemijikelezo yokuya esikhathini kwabesifazane abane-PCOS. |
| Eminye imithi yengqondo ibangela ukukhuluphala | Lawula ukukhuluphala okubangelwa imithi yezifo ezithile zengqondo. |
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izifundo zithole ukuthi abantu abasebenzisa i-metformin bangase babe nengozi encishisiwe yokuba nomdlavuza, kodwa lokhu kusesesigabeni socwaningo.
Lo muthi weMetformin usebenza kanjani emzimbeni?
I-Metformin isiza ukulawula amazinga kashukela emizimbeni yethu ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. Kunciphisa inani likashukela elifakwa egazini yisibindi: Ngokuvamile, isibindi sethu sikhipha ushukela (i-glucose) egazini ukuze sithole amandla. I-Metformin ilawula le nqubo futhi inciphisa ukunqwabelana okungadingekile kukashukela egazini.
2. Kwandisa Ukuzwela Kwe-Insulin Emisipheni: Omunye wemisebenzi eyinhloko ye-hormone i-insulin emzimbeni wethu ukusiza amaseli ukuthi athathe ushukela egazini futhi awusebenzisele amandla. Kusifo sikashukela, le nqubo iyaphazamiseka. I-Metformin yenza imisipha yethu isabele kangcono ku-insulin. Ngemuva kwalokho, imisipha ingamunca kalula futhi isebenzise ushukela osegazini.
Zombili lezi zindlela zisiza ukulawula amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini. Ku-PCOS, lo muthi wehlisa amazinga e-insulin, okusiza ukulinganisela ama-hormone nokulawula umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini.
Yiziphi izinzuzo eziyinhloko zeMetformin?
- Ukulawula kangcono isifo sikashukela: Izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi i-metformin inganciphisa inani lakho lokuhlolwa kwe-HbA1c, elibonisa amazinga akho ajwayelekile kashukela egazini ezinyangeni ezintathu ezedlule, cishe ngo-1% .
- Ukuvimbela isifo sikashukela: Kutholakale ukuthi ukuthatha i-Metformin kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila kunganciphisa ingozi yokuthola isifo sikashukela cishe ngo-31% kubantu abanesifo sikashukela esingakafiki ezingeni elifanele.
- Ukunciphisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo: Ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi i-metformin inganciphisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo kanye nezinkinga ezihlobene nayo (isifo senhliziyo).
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi kulo muthi?
Yebo, njengayo yonke imithi, i-Metformin ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Kodwa-ke, kubantu abaningi, lokhu kwenzeka kuphela lapho beqala ukuthatha imithi bese bephela njengoba umzimba ujwayela.
| Umphumela ongemuhle | Funda ngalokhu |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela emibi evamile abantu abaningi abangase bayizwe | |
| Ukungagayi kahle ukudla, isifo sohudo | Lona umphumela ovame kakhulu. Ngokuvamile uyaphela zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ungakunciphisa lokhu ngokuthatha umuthi kanye nokudla. |
| Isicanucanu nokuhlanza | Lokhu kuvamile nasezigabeni zokuqala. |
| Imiphumela emibi engavamile | |
| Ukungakhululeki esifubeni, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukujuluka ngokweqile (diaphoresis), kanye nokuzizwa ukhathele. | Lokhu akuvamile, kodwa uma uqhubeka nokuba nalezi zimpawu, tshela udokotela wakho. |
| Ushukela ophansi egazini (i-Hypoglycemia) | Lokhu akunakwenzeka kakhulu uma uthatha i-metformin yodwa, kodwa kungenzeka uma uyithatha kanye neminye imithi yesifo sikashukela. |
Yiziphi izingozi ezithile okufanele uziqaphele nge-metformin?
I-Metformin ngokuvamile iyimithi ephephile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kunezingozi ezithile okufanele sonke siziqaphele.
Ukuntuleka kweVithamini B12
I-Metformin isikhathi esideUma isetshenziswa, ukumuncwa kwe-vitamin B12 emzimbeni kungancipha kancane. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho angahlola amazinga akho e-vitamin B12 futhi, uma kudingeka, akunike isithasiselo se-vitamin B12.
I-Lactic Acidosis
Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele wonke umuntu ayiqaphele lapho ekhuluma nge-Metformin. Kodwa okokuqala, kufanele kushiwo ukuthi lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu , kodwa esibi kakhulu esingaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila uma sivela. Cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-30,000 abathatha i-Metformin unale ngozi.
- Kuyini i-Lactic Acidosis? Kalula nje, ukuqongelela okungadingekile kwekhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-lactic acid emzimbeni.
- Ubani osengozini enkulu yalokhu?
- Kulabo abanesifo sezinso noma sesibindi.
- Kulabo abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 ubudala.
- Kulabo abasanda kuhlinzwa.
- Kulabo abaphuza utshwala ngokweqile.
- Izimpawu ze-Lactic Acidosis:
- Ukukhathala okukhulu kanye nobuthakathaka obungazelelwe.
- Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza, kanye nobuhlungu besisu.
- Ukuphefumula okusheshayo noma ukuphefumula okujulile, isikhathi eside.
Isexwayiso: Uma uphuza i-Metformin futhi uhlangabezana nesinye salezi zimpawu, hamba uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze (i-ETU) ngokushesha. Lokhu akuyona into yokulibazisa.
Ukusebenzisana Kwezidakamizwa
Uma uthatha i-Metformin, kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke eminye imithi oyithathayo (kufaka phakathi imithi yezinye izimo, amavithamini, ngisho nezithako zokudla okunempilo). Eminye imithi ingandisa ingozi ye-lactic acidosis noma ushukela wegazi ophansi (hypoglycemia) uma ithathwa ne-Metformin.
Kufanele ngikhulume nini nodokotela?
Uma uthatha i-Metformin, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umuthi uyasebenza nokuthi ushukela wakho wegazi ulawulwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalezi zinto futhi.
- Uma imiphumela emibi ingaphezu kwamandla akho.
- Uma uzizwa sengathi izimo zakho ezifana nesifo sikashukela noma i-PCOS azilawulwa kahle naphezu kokuthatha imithi.
- Uma uzizwa sengathi udinga ukuyeka ukuthatha lo muthi ( ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha umuthi ngaphandle kokubuza udokotela wakho ).
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Metformin iwumuthi ovame kakhulu, ophephile, futhi osebenzayo wesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
- Lokhu kusebenza kakhulu ngokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kukashukela yisibindi nokwandisa ukuzwela kwe-insulin emisipheni.
- Imiphumela emibi evamile, njengokuqunjelwa, ingase ivele ekuqaleni bese inyamalala njengoba umzimba ujwayela.
- I-Lactic Acidosis yisimo esingavamile kodwa esibucayi. Qaphela izimpawu zayo bese uya ku-ETU ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu.
- Kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngayo yonke eminye imithi oyithathayo.
- Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha i-Metformin ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela. Uma unemibuzo, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho.
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