Wake wezwa ngegama elithi 'umdlavuza we-bile duct'? Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale lingavamile, lona umdlavuza owenzeka engxenyeni ebalulekile yomzimba wethu esiza ngenqubo yokugaya ukudla. Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba uma uzwa igama elifana naleli. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, sizoxoxa ngalesi simo, i-cholangiocarcinoma, ngendlela elula, ecacile, neqondakalayo.
Kalula nje, uyini umdlavuza we-bile duct?
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, ake siqale sibheke ukuthi ziyini lezi zindlela zokugaya inyongo. Cabanga ngazo njengemibhobho emincane ethwala uketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi 'inyongo' oluvela esibindini sethu luye enyongweni nasemathunjini amancane. Le nyongo isiza ekugayeni amafutha ekudleni esikudlayo.
Ngakho-ke, umdlavuza we-bile duct ulapho amangqamuzana angajwayelekile ngaphakathi kwala ma-bile duct eqala ukukhula ngokungalawuleki.
Kwabanye abantu, ukwelashwa kungawelapha ngokuphelele lo mdlavuza. Kwabanye, kungase kungenzeki ukuwuqeda ngokuphelele. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kungase kudingeke uqhubeke nokuthola ukwelashwa okufana ne-chemotherapy kanye nemisebe yokulawula umdlavuza. Ukuba nolwazi oluhle ngalokhu, nokukhuluma ngakho nodokotela wakho, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha, kanye nabathandekayo bakho, kuzokunika amandla amakhulu okubhekana nale nselele.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zomdlavuza we-bile duct?
Odokotela bahlukanisa lo mdlavuza ngokusekelwe lapho uqala khona. Ukuze uqonde lokhu ngokucacile, bheka ithebula elingezansi.
| Uhlobo lomdlavuza | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Uhlobo lwe-Extrahepatic | Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Luphinde lwelapheke kalula. Luphinde luhlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili: - Umdlavuza we-perihilar: Uhlobo olwakheka lapho kuhlangana khona imibhobho yenyongo yesokudla nesobunxele yesibindi. - Umdlavuza osuka kude: Uhlobo oluvela lapho i-common bile duct idlula khona ku-pancreas. |
| Uhlobo lwe-intrahepatic | Uhlobo olungavamile. Lolu hlobo lubonakala kuphela ku-5% kuya ku-10% wabantu. |
Yiziphi izimbangela kanye nezici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa lo mdlavuza?
Imbangela eqondile yalo mdlavuza ayikatholakali okwamanje. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo luthole ukuthi izinto ezithile zingandisa ingozi yokuwuthola. Ikakhulukazi, ukuvuvukala kwesikhathi eside kuyisici esikhulu sengozi.
Nazi ezinye zezinto ezinjalo eziyingozi:
- I-Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: Lokhu ukuvuvukala kwemisele yenyongo okuhlala isikhathi eside. Lokhu kubangela izibazi zemisele yenyongo. Abantu abaningi abanalesi simo banesifo se-Ulcerative Colitis, ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu amakhulu.
- Amatshe e-bile duct: Lawa afana namatshe enyongo, kodwa mancane kakhulu ngobukhulu.
- Ama-cyst e-Choledochal: Abanye abantu bazalwa benalesi simo. Lawa ama-cyst afana nesikhwama agcwele i-bile eyakheka emigudwini ye-bile. Uma engelashwa, angaphenduka umdlavuza.
- Ukutheleleka kwesibindi: Lokhu akuvamile eSri Lanka, kodwa kuvame emazweni ase-Asia. Kubangelwa ukudla izinhlanzi ezingaphekiwe noma ezingaphekiwe kahle ezinesifo sezibungu ezidla amagciwane.
- I-Cirrhosis: Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile kanye nezifo ezifana ne-hepatitis kungalimaza isibindi futhi kubangele izicubu ezibomvu. Lokhu kwandisa nengozi yomdlavuza we-bile duct.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu onalezi zici eziyingozi ozoba nomdlavuza. Ngokufanayo, umuntu ongenazo lezi zici eziyingozi naye angahlaselwa yilo mdlavuza.
Ezinye izinto eziyingozi
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
- Isifo sikashukela
- I-hepatitis ebangelwa yigciwane
- Ukuphuza ngokweqile
- Isifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo (njengesifo sikaCrohn kanye ne-Ulcerative colitis)
Ziyini izimpawu zomdlavuza we-bile duct?
Izimpawu zalo mdlavuza zingase zingabonakali ezigabeni zokuqala, kodwa njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, lezi zimpawu zingase zivele.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba namehlo (i-Jaundice) | Lolu uphawu oluvame kakhulu. Luvela lapho imisele yenyongo ivaleka futhi inyongo inqwabelana emzimbeni. |
| Ubuhlungu besisu noma bamathumbu | Kungase kube nobuhlungu engxenyeni ephezulu kwesokudla yesisu. |
| Isikhumba esilumayo | Esinye isibonakaliso esenzeka nge-yellow fever. |
| Indle enombala okhanyayo kanye nomchamo omnyama | Indle iba nombala okhanyayo ngoba inyongo ayimuncwa emathunjini. Futhi, umchamo uba nombala omnyama ngoba inyongo ikhishwa emzimbeni. |
| Ezinye izici | Umkhuhlane, isicanucanu nokuhlanza, ukuphelelwa yisifiso sokudla, ukwehla kwesisindo, kanye nokukhathala okukhulu. |
Okubalulekile: Lezi zimpawu zingabangelwa nezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Ngakho-ke, uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho ukuze akunike iseluleko.
Kwenziwa kanjani ukuxilongwa?
Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokukwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba bese ebuza ngomlando wakho wezempilo, umlando womndeni wakho womdlavuza, kanye nendlela yokuphila (njengokuphuza utshwala nokubhema). Ngemuva kwalokho, bangenza ezinye izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa:
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kusiza ukuhlola ukusebenza kwesibindi nokuhlola izimpawu zesimila.
- Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: I-ultrasound yesisu, i-CT scan, noma i-MRI scan ingasiza ekunqumeni ukuba khona kwesimila, ubukhulu baso, kanye nendawo.
- I-Endoscopy: Lokhu kuhilela ukubuka ngaphakathi emzimbeni usebenzisa ipayipi elincane elinekhamera enamathiselwe. Kunezivivinyo eziningana ezithile ezingenziwa kusetshenziswa le ndlela.
- I-ERCP (i-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography): I-endoscope isetshenziselwa ukufaka idayi ekhethekile emigudwini ye-bile bese ithatha ama-X-ray ukuhlola izimila.
- I-Cholangioscopy:Le ndlela isiza ukubona ngqo ngaphakathi kwemisele yenyongo.
- I-Biopsy: Lolu vivinyo oluqinisekisa lesi sifo. Kuthathwa ingxenye encane yezicubu emgudwini we-bile bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze kubonakale ukuthi akhona yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Izinketho zokwelapha zincike ohlotsheni lomdlavuza, ukuthi ususakazeke kangakanani, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke. Ungadinga ukwelashwa okukodwa noma ngaphezulu.
- Ukuhlinzwa: Uma umdlavuza usesigabeni sawo sokuqala, ukuhlinzwa kungasusa ingxenye yomdlavuza. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungadingeka ukususa ingxenye yomsele we-bile, ingxenye yesibindi, i-gallbladder, noma ama-lymph node aseduze.
- Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa imisebe enamandla amakhulu ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa isimila ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa noma ukubhubhisa noma yimaphi amangqamuzana asele ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Lokhu kuhilela ukunikeza imithi yokubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lawa anganikezwa njengamaphilisi noma ngemithambo yegazi (emthanjeni).
- Ukugeleza kwenyongo: Uma i-bile duct ivaliwe, ipayipi elincane elibizwa ngokuthi i-stent lingafakwa ukuze kuvunyelwe inyongo ukuthi igeleze. Lokhu kunganciphisa izimpawu ezifana ne-jaundice.
- Ukufakelwa kwesibindi: Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha engavamile kakhulu. Kwezinye izimo, kungaze kwelaphe nomdlavuza.
Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila kanye nenhlalakahle yengqondo
Ngisho nalapho uphathwa umdlavuza, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzama ukuhlala uphilile ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Gwema utshwala nokubhema: Ukuyeka le mikhuba emibili kuzosiza kakhulu inqubo yakho yokululama.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhathele ngenxa yomdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuqala uhlelo lokuzivocavoca olulula olukufanele. Ngisho nento elula njengokuhamba kwanele.
- Ukusekelwa kwengqondo: Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile ngekusasa uma uthola ukuthi unomdlavuza. Ukukhuluma ngalokhu nomuntu omethembayo (ilungu lomndeni, umngane, umeluleki) kungakusiza uzizwe uqiniseka kakhudlwana.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Cholangiocarcinoma umdlavuza owenzeka emigudwini yethu yenyongo.
- Qaphela izimpawu ezinjengokuphuzi kwesikhumba namehlo, ubuhlungu besisu, umchamo omnyama, kanye nendle enombala okhanyayo.
- Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, ungesabi, bonana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha, futhi ungazami ukuzixilonga ku-inthanethi.
- Izindlela zokwelapha ziyahlukahluka kuye ngesiguli. Udokotela wakho uzochaza indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu kuwe.
- Awuwedwa kulolu hambo. Thola ukwesekwa eqenjini lakho lezokwelapha, umndeni, kanye nabangani.
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho