Ingabe uhlala ukhala emehlweni akho? Ake sifunde nge-Blocked Tear Mct / Nasolacrimal Mct Obstruction!

Ingabe amehlo engane yakho ahlala emanzi? Noma ingabe uneso elihlala limanzi, elimanzi? Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ufune ngisho nokuhlikihla amehlo akho. Lokhu empeleni kuyacasula kancane. Isizathu salokhu kungaba uhlobo oluthile lokuvaleka ohlelweni lwakho lwemibhobho yezinyembezi, okungukuthi, indlela izinyembezi ezihamba ngayo. Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi `(Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction)`. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe, kalula kakhulu.

Iyini imigudu yezinyembezi evinjiwe?

Kalula nje, umsele wokukhala izinyembezi ovalekile yilapho okuthile kuvimbela imisele yokukhala izinyembezi, kuzivimbele ukuthi ziphume kahle emehlweni ethu. Lokhu kuvinjelwa kunganciphisa ukugeleza kwezinyembezi noma kuzimise ngokuphelele. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi izinyembezi zihlangane ngaphakathi ohlelweni lomsele wokukhala izinyembezi bese zibuyela emuva esweni.

Ubuwazi ukuthi izinyembezi zibalulekile ukuze amehlo ethu asebenze kahle? Izinyembezi zigcina ubuso beso bumanzi futhi zisiza i-cornea ukuthi imunce umoya-mpilo. Enye into ukuthi izinyembezi nazo ziqukethe izici zokuzivikela komzimba. Lezi zivikela amehlo ezifweni, noma ziwasize alulame ngokushesha uma etheleleka.

Cabanga ngakho njengomsele okhipha amanzi ophahleni lwendlu. Amapayipi aqoqa amanzi bese ewathumela epayipini. Kodwa, uma leli payipi livaleka ndawana thize, amanzi ayaqoqana bese eqala ukubila ephuma emapayipini, akunjalo? Kunjalo nalokhu.

Uhlelo lwethu lokudabuka luyiqoqo lezimbobo ezincane kanye nezakhiwo ezifana namapayipi. Izinyembezi ziphuma emehlweni ngale ndlela:

1. I-Puncta: Iso ngalinye linezimbobo ezimbili ezincane ezinkopheni zamehlo eziphezulu nezingezansi. Elinye lalawa libizwa ngokuthi i-punctum. Lifana nomgodi wokukhipha amanzi esinkini noma ebhavini. Izinyembezi zigeleza ngalezi zimbobo ziye emapayipini abizwa ngokuthi i-canaliculi.

2. I-Canaliculi: Izinyembezi ziphuma ku-punctum ngayinye ziye epayipini elincane elibizwa ngokuthi i-canaliculus (ubuningi: i-canaliculi). Lawa mapayipi amabili ayahlangana ukuze akhe ipayipi elikhulu, elixhuma emgudwini we-nasolacrimal.

3. Amapayipi e-Nasolacrimal: Lezi yizingxenye zokugcina ezifana ne-tube lapho izinyembezi zihamba khona. Umsele ngamunye wezinyembezi kufanele ube ne-valve encane ekugcineni okuphansi.

4. I-valve ye-Hasner: Le valve empeleni iyimbobo encane evumela ukuthi izinyembezi zigeleze ziye ekhaleni. Ngokuvamile izivulekela zodwa ngaphambi kokuba sizalwe. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izingane, ingase ingavuli okwamanje. Uma ingavuli, ibizwa ngokuthi i-Membrane ye-Hasner.

Ivame kangakanani imigudu yezinyembezi evinjiwe?

Imigudu yezinyembezi evalekile ivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane kakhulu . Ithinta phakathi kuka-6% no-20% wezingane ezisanda kuzalwa. Kodwa-ke, ayivamile kangako kubantu abadala.

Ziyini izimpawu zemibhobho yezinyembezi evalekile?

Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninepayipi lezinyembezi elivalekile, ningase nibone izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• I-Epiphora: Umuzwa wezinyembezi ezigeleza njalo emehlweni .
• Izinto ezifana nezinyembezi ezinamathela ezinkopheni noma ezinkopheni, okwenza kube nzima ukuvula amehlo akho ekuseni .
• Isifiso esiqhubekayo sokuhlikihla iso noma indawo ezungeze umsele ovalekile.
• Ukubomvu kwamehlo nokuvuvukala ngenxa yokuhlikihla njalo.
• Ukuzizwa sengathi umbono wakho awucacile .

Lokhu kuvinjelwa kungenza kube lula ukuthi imigudu yokudonsa izinyembezi itheleleke. Uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka okunjalo, izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuvuvukala noma ukubomvu komsele wokudonsa izinyembezi noma izicubu ezizungezile.
• Ukuthola umkhuhlane .
• Ukukhala njalo nokungaphumuli (ikakhulukazi ezinganeni).
• Ubuhlungu bamehlo noma umuzwa wokucindezeleka endaweni yama-sinus .
• Ubomvu noma ukuvuvukala kwenhlamvu yeso, okuhlanganisa nomhlophe weso (i-sclera).

Kungani le migudu yokudabuka izinyembezi ivaleka?

Kunezimbangela eziningana ezingaba khona zokuvaleka kwemisele yezinyembezi. Ezinye zizalwa nazo , okusho ukuthi zikhona lapho zizalwa. Ezinye zikhula kamuva ekuphileni.

Ukuvaleka komsele wokukhala kwezinyembezi ozalwa nakho

Ngokuvamile, ingane encane izalwa inomsele wokukhala ovinjiwe ngoba "iValve kaHasner" okukhulunywe ngayo ngaphambilini ithathelwa indawo yi-"Membrane kaHasner" engaphukile. Ngemuva kwalokho, uketshezi lwezinyembezi luyaqoqana ngaphakathi komsele wokukhala. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kukhala okuqongelelekile kungabangela ukuthi umsele uvuvuke. Kungabangela nokutheleleka emseleni wokukhala noma kwezinye izingxenye zesistimu yokukhala.

Ezinye izimbangela zokuvaleka kwemisele yezinyembezi

Amapayipi okudabuka avaliwe avame ukwenzeka ngenxa yezinye izimo zezokwelapha, noma kwezinye izimo. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ezingxenyeni eziphezulu zesistimu yamapayipi okudabuka. Ake sibheke izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• Ukutheleleka: Ukutheleleka kwesikhathi eside emehlweni akho noma eduze kwawo kungabangela ukwakheka kwezicubu zesibazi. Ngezinye izikhathi, lezo zicubu zesibazi zingancipha futhi zivimbele imithambo yegazi.
• Ukulimala: Ukulimala ebusweni, emehlweni, noma ekhaleni lakho kungabangela ukuvuvukala kanye noshintsho lwezicubu ezizungeze imigudu yokudabuka. Noma yikuphi ukuvuvukala, ushintsho lwezicubu, noma ukuvaleka okuthinta noma iyiphi ingxenye yalesi simiso kungaholela ekuvalekeni.
• I-Dacryostenosis: Ngezinye izikhathi imisele yakho yokukhala izinyembezi ingaba mincane lapho uzalwa, noma ingaba mincane kamuva ekuphileni. Zombili lezi zinto zingabangela ukuvaleka.
• Ukuguga: Njengoba ukhula, imisele yokudabuka kanye nezindawo ezizungezile zingashintsha futhi zibe zincane.
• Izimila noma ukukhula: Lokhu kufaka phakathi izimila ezingengozini kanye nezimila ezinomdlavuza (yize lezi zingavamile kakhulu). Uhlobo lwesimila olubizwa ngokuthi i-mucocele lungavimba nemigudu yokudabuka. Lezi yizikhwanyana ezincane, ezigcwele ama-mucus ezakha kuma-ethmoid sinuses, imigodi yama-sinus kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zekhala.
• Ama-Dacryolith: Lawa angakheka lapho uketshezi lwezinyembezi luqoqana futhi lujiya. Uma makhulu, angavimba umsele wokukhala.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zokuvaleka kwemisele yezinyembezi?

Izingane zivame kakhulu ukuba nomsele wokukhala ovalekile. Ngokuvamile, ukuvaleka kwenzeka ngoba ulwelwesi olusekugcineni okuphansi komsele we-nasolacrimal aluvuli futhi lwakhe i-valve ebizwa ngokuthi i-Valve of Hasner.

Abantu abadala banamathuba amaningi okuba nomsele wokukhala ovalekile uma benomlando walokhu okulandelayo:

• Izimo zamehlo ezivuvukala isikhathi eside, isibonelo `(Uveitis)` .
• I-Glaucoma .
• Uma uke wahlinzwa amehlo noma ama-sinus .
• Uma uke wathola ukwelashwa komdlavuza ngaphambilini , isibonelo, ukwelashwa ngemisebe noma ngamakhemikhali.

Yiziphi izinkinga zemibhobho yezinyembezi evalekile?

Umsele wezinyembezi ovalekile uyindawo enhle yokukhula kwamagciwane. Ngakho-ke, ukutheleleka ngamagciwane noma amathumba kuyimbangela eyinhloko . Lokhu kutheleleka kungathinta ama-sinus akho, amehlo, kanye nezicubu ezizungezile. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukwelapha ukutheleleka ukuze kuvinjelwe ukusabalala kwawo.

Uyixilonga kanjani ipayipi lezinyembezi elivimbekile?

Udokotela wamehlo noma omunye umhlinzeki wezempilo angakwazi ukuxilonga lesi simo ngokusekelwe ezimpawu zakho nangokuhlola nokuthinta amehlo akho kanye nomsele wokukhala izinyembezi. Bazokubuza nangezimpawu zakho. Uma becabanga ukuthi ingane yakho inemsele wokukhala izinyembezi ovalekile, bangase bawuhlole bese benza izivivinyo ezithile ukuze babone ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka.

Ukuhlolwa okulula "ukuhlolwa kokunyamalala kwedayi." Kulokhu kuhlolwa, udokotela ufaka ithonsi ledayi ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi i-fluorescein esweni lakho. I-Fluorescein ikhanya okwesibhakabhaka. Ngakho udokotela angafaka ithonsi lalokhu esixazululweni se-saline bese efaka leso sixazululo se-saline esweni lakho. Ngemva kwemizuzu emihlanu, bangabamba isibani esimnyama ukuze babone ukuthi idayi isekhona yini. Uma ikhona, kusho ukuthi uvalekile ngokuphelele noma ngokwengxenye emgudwini wokudonsa izinyembezi.

Kungenziwa nezinye izivivinyo, ikakhulukazi uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi imigudu yakho yokukhala izinyembezi evalekile ingase ibangelwe esinye isimo noma inkinga. Izivivinyo abazincomayo zizoncika ezimpawini zakho, ezimweni, kanye nalokho abakusolayo.

Njengoba izici eziningi zithinta lokhu, kungcono ukukhuluma nabo ngezinketho zakho zokuhlola. Bangakunikeza ulwazi olufanele nolubalulekile esimweni sakho esithile.

Uwelapha kanjani umsele wezinyembezi ovalekile? Ingabe ikhona ikhambi lalokhu?

Imigudu yokudonsa izinyembezi evalekile iyisimo esingelapheka kakhulu.. Kodwa-ke, izinketho zokwelapha ziyahlukahluka kuye ngeminyaka yesiguli kanye nezinye izici. Lesi simo ngezinye izikhathi singaba ngcono ngaphandle kokwelashwa, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni. Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukuzama ukuselapha ukuze uvimbele izinkinga ezifana nokutheleleka.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njengemithi elwa namagciwane, zinganikezwa abantu babo bonke ubudala. Lezi zivame ukunikezwa uma kukhona ukutheleleka okuhlobene nomsele wokukhala ovalekile. Zingafika ngesimo samafutha noma amaconsi amehlo. Eminye imithi ingasiza futhi. Udokotela wakho wamehlo angakutshela okwengeziwe ngalezi zinketho.

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwemisele yezinyembezi evalekile ezinganeni nasezinganeni ezincane kuyindlela ekhethekile yokuhlikihla engenziwa ekhaya . Uma ingane yakho noma ingane oyinakekelayo inalesi simo, udokotela wezingane uzokukhombisa ngqo ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani. Le ndlela yokuhlikihla ivame ukwanele ukubangela ulwelwesi luqhume lube yivalvu. Cabanga ukuthi ukuhlikihla okuncane kungenza okungakanani!

Uma ukuvaleka kwengane kungathuthuki ngokuhlikihla ngaphambi kosuku lwayo lokuzalwa lokuqala, ingadinga ukwelashwa okuhlukile. Futhi, ukuhlikihla akusizi kakhulu kubantu abadala , ngakho-ke kuvame ukudingeka ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Ezinye zalezi zindlela zokwelapha zingadinga ukudambisa ubuhlungu noma ukudambisa ubuhlungu. Udokotela wamehlo wakho (noma wengane yakho) noma umhlinzeki wezempilo angachaza ukuthi kungani bencoma ukudambisa ubuhlungu.

Ukwandisa, ukuhlola kanye nokunisela

Le ndlela enezinyathelo ezintathu iyindlela elula yokwelapha umsele wezinyembezi ovalekile. Ingasiza izingane ezingasabeli ekuhlikihlweni, futhi ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokuqala yokwelapha izingane ezindala kanye nabantu abadala.

Izinyathelo zale ndlela yilezi ezilandelayo:

1. Ukwanda: Kulesi sinyathelo sokuqala, udokotela wamehlo wandisa (wandisa) i-puncta ethintekile kanye nezinye izakhiwo zesistimu yokudabuka. Lokhu kwenza kube nendawo yalokho okwenzeka esinyathelweni esilandelayo.

2. Ukuhlola: Kulesi sinyathelo, udokotela wamehlo usebenzisa ithuluzi/amathuluzi akhethekile ukuhlola (ukuphenya) ingxenye evinjiwe yomsele wokukhala izinyembezi. Lokhu kuzosiza ekutholeni imbangela yokuvaleka futhi, uma kungenzeka, akususe.

3. Ukunisela: Lesi sinyathelo sokugcina sihilela ukuhlanza ipayipi lokudabuka ngesisombululo sikasawoti ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lihlanzekile futhi likhipha amanzi kahle.

Ukwandiswa kwebhaluni

Uma ukunwebeka okulula, ukuhlola, kanye nokunisela kunganele, inqubo yokwelula ingadingeka. Kuleso simo, udokotela wamehlo wengane yakho uzosebenzisa idivayisi enebhaluni elincane elinamathiselwe. Bazofutha ibhaluni kancane kancane endaweni encishisiwe. Lokhu kusunduza ngaphakathi kuvame ukwandisa ipayipi futhi kuxazulule inkinga.

Ukufakwa kwe-stenting noma i-intubation

Kwezinye izimo, ukuvuleka kwebhaluni kukodwa kungase kungakwazi ukwandisa unomphela umsele wokudabuka onciphile. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukufaka ipayipi noma i-stent kungaba yindlela engcono kakhulu. Lawa madivayisi ahlinzeka ngohlaka oluqinile, olungenalutho olungagcina umsele uvulekile futhi luvumele ukudabuka kugeleze.

Izinqubo zokuhlinzwa

Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzwa kuyindlela engcono kakhulu, kungaba ukulungisa umsele wokukhala ovalekile noma ukuwugwema bese kudala enye indlela yokukhipha uketshezi lokukhala. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa:

• I-Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR): Kule nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo udala umzila wokudlula ukuze uketshezi lwezinyembezi lugeleze. Le ndlela entsha idlula ngokuphelele ukuvinjelwa okukhona.
• I-Conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy (CDCR): Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvuselela kabusha lonke uhlelo lwakho lwemibhobho yokudabuka.

Izinzuzo, ukungalungi, kanye nezinkinga ezingaba khona zalokhu kuhlinzwa ziyahlukahluka kakhulu. Uhlobo lokuvaleka onalo, indawo okuyo, kanye nezinye izici kungathinta lokhu. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo noma udokotela wamehlo ungumthombo ongcono kakhulu wolwazi mayelana nokuthi yini ongayilindela.

Ingabe imigudu yokudonsa izinyembezi evinjiwe ingavinjelwa?

Imigudu yokukhala izinyembezi evalekile yenzeka ngezizathu ezingalindelekile, ezingaphandle kwamandla akho, noma ezingabonakali kuwe. Lokho kusho ukuthi ayikho indlela yokuzivimbela .

Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezimbalwa ongazenza ukuze unciphise amathuba enkinga engabangela ukuvaleka. Lokhu kwakhelwe kakhulu ekuvimbeleni ukutheleleka. Lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha zifaka:

• Gwema ukuhlikihla amehlo akho njalo noma ukuwathinta ngokungadingekile.
• Ungabelani ngemikhiqizo yamehlo, njengamaconsi amehlo noma izimonyo, nabanye.
• Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho wamehlo lapho uhlanza ama-contact lens.
• Shintsha izimonyo ezifana ne-mascara, i-eyeliner, kanye ne-eyeshadow njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha.
• Geza izandla zakho kahle njalo.

Yini engingayilindela uma mina (noma ingane yami) nginomgudu wokukhipha izinyembezi ovalekile?

Ngokuvamile umphumela omuhle wemibhobho yezinyembezi evinjiweKuncike embangela. Imigudu yokukhala izinyembezi evalekile ayiyona ingozi ngokwayo. Kodwa ezinye izimbangela zingaba yingozi. Futhi, ukuvaleka kungabangela izifo eziyingozi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuvaleka bese uthola ukwelashwa.

Ukuvaleka kwabantwana abazalwa nakho kunomphumela omuhle kakhulu . Cishe ama-70% ezingane ezinalokhu kuvaleka zingcono uma sezinezinyanga ezi-6 ubudala, kanti cishe ama-90% angcono uma sezineminyaka yokuqala. Nakuba ukuvaleka kungaphela ngokwako, ukubhucungwa kungasheshisa inqubo futhi kunciphise amathuba okutheleleka noma ezinye izinkinga. Ukuvaleka kwabantwana abazalwa nakho ngokuvamile akubangeli izinkinga kamuva ekuphileni.

Kwabantu abadala, umphumela uvame ukuba muhle, kuye ngokuthi imbangela ikuphi. Izimbangela eziningi, ikakhulukazi lezo ezihlobene nokulimala, zisabela kahle ekwelashweni, futhi kunezindlela eziningi zokusiza. Uchwepheshe wakho wamehlo angakutshela ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezingasiza kakhulu, yimiphi imiphumela ongayilindela, nokuthi yini ongayenza ukuze uthuthukise leyo miphumela.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Uma wena (noma ingane oyinakekelayo) ninepayipi lezinyembezi elivalekile, udokotela wamehlo uzokuqondisa ukuthi ungayelapha kanjani futhi uyiphathe kanjani. Akufanele uzame ukuxilonga noma ukwelapha ipayipi lezinyembezi elivalekile wedwa . Uma ucabanga ukuthi unezimpawu zokuvaleka, kufanele nakanjani wenze i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wamehlo bese ubonana naye ngokushesha okukhulu.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami noma ngifune usizo?

Uma unepayipi lezinyembezi elivalekile, udokotela wakho wamehlo uzokunikeza iseluleko sokwelashwa kanye nesiqondiso. Ungababuza nokuthi yiziphi izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kufanele ubashayele ucingo noma ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Ungase ufune ukubuza uchwepheshe wamehlo noma umhlinzeki wezempilo le mibuzo:

• Yini okungenzeka ukuthi iyimbangela enkulu yokuvaleka kwemigudu yokukhala izinyembezi?
• Hlobo luni lokwelashwa olunconywayo?
• Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?
• Ingabe lo msele wezinyembezi ovalekile uhlobene nesinye isimo sezokwelapha?
• Yini engingayenza ukuze ngivimbele lokhu kuvinjelwa ukuthi kungabuyi?

Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye ekhaya:

Umsele wokukhala izinyembezi ovalekile ungabanga buhlungu futhi ube buhlungu kubantu abadala. Futhi uma unengane oyinakekelayo enayo, kuyinto evamile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile futhi wesaba. Ngenhlanhla, imisele yokukhala izinyembezi evalekile iyisimo esingelapheka kakhulu . Iningi lezingane liyalulama ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi ngamasu okulula okubhucunga ubuso. Umphumela kubantu abadala uvame ukuba muhle, ikakhulukazi ngezimbangela ezithile kanye nezici ezibangela lokho.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho (noma wena) ingase ibe nomsele wokukhala izinyembezi ovalekile, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wamehlo noma omunye umhlinzeki wezempilo. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kungenza umehluko omkhulu ekususeni lezi zinyembezi ezivalekile kanye nokuqeda ukukhathazeka okuhambisana nazo. Ungakhathazeki, kunezixazululo!

Ukuvinjelwa Kwepayipi Lasekhaleni , Amehlo Anamanzi, Ipayipi Lasezinsana Elikhalayo, Impilo Yamehlo, Uhlelo Lokuklebhula, I-Epiphora