Wake wamangala yini lapho usikwa kancane ngenkathi ushefa, noma lapho usika isandla sakho ngommese ngenkathi usika imifino, bese ukuphuma kwegazi kuphela ngemva kwesikhashana? Kuyinto okufanele imangale ngempela. Isizathu salokhu indlela yokuzivikela yemvelo emzimbeni wethu. Sikubiza ngokuthi 'ukugoba kwegazi'. Lokhu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele yenziwe lapho umzimba wethu ulimele futhi kuvimbela ukuphuma kwegazi ngokweqile kanye nomonakalo ezimpilweni zethu. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, ngaphandle kwesizathu, la maqhubu egazi aqala ukwakheka ngaphakathi emzimbeni ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. Nokho, lokho kungaba yingozi kancane. Ngakho-ke namuhla, kulesi sihloko, sizokhuluma ngezinto ezinhle ngokugoba kwegazi, kanye nezikhathi lapho kungaba yingozi khona.
Kalula nje, iyini le gazi eliqhekekile?
Ihlule legazi liyinqwaba ejiyile, efana nojeli eyakheka ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yethu. Uma usikekile, ulimele, noma uhlinzwa, la mahlule asiza ekumiseni ukopha ngokweqile. Yilowo umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko nongcono kakhulu.
Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezimo ezithile zempilo noma ezinye izizathu, amahlule egazi angakheka emithanjeni ngaphandle kokulimala. Yilapho kuvela khona izimpawu ezahlukahlukene. Ngezinye izikhathi lesi simo singaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila .
La maqhubu egazi enziwe ngani?
Ihlule legazi lethu lakhiwe ngokuyinhloko izingxenye ezimbili.
1. Ama-Platelet: Lawa amangqamuzana amancane enziwa umnkantsha wethu. Awanambala. Asebenza njengezisebenzi ezincane eziphuthuma ukulungisa amanxeba.
2. I-Fibrin: Lolu uhlobo lweprotheni olutholakala egazini lethu. Lunesimo sokunamathela. Lubukeka njengentambo eningi.
Kalula nje, uma kukhona inxeba, ama-platelet ayanamathelana bese evala inxeba. Bese iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-fibrin yakha i-mesh ebamba ama-platelet namaseli abomvu egazi adlula kuyo ndawonye, akhe i-clot eqinile. Bese ukuphuma kwegazi kuyaphela. I-clot yegazi ithola umbala wayo obomvu ngoba amaseli abomvu egazi abanjwa ku-fibrin mesh.
Izindawo eziyingozi lapho kungakheka khona amahlule egazi kanye nezimpawu zawo
Ihlule legazi lingakheka noma kuphi emzimbeni. Kodwa amahlule egazi akhiwa ezindaweni ezithile ayingozi kakhulu ngoba angavimba ngokuphelele ukugeleza kwegazi ezithweni zethu ezibalulekile. Ukuqaphela lesi simo kungasiza ekusindiseni izimpilo.
| Indawo lapho igazi liqhekeka khona | Liyini igama layo? | Izimpawu ezivame ukubonakala |
|---|---|---|
| Imithambo ejulile emilenzeni noma ezingalweni | Ukuqhekeka kwegazi emthanjeni ojulile (i-Deep Vein Thrombosis - DVT) | - Ukuvuvukala emlenzeni owodwa noma engalweni. - Ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukuqaqamba kwemisipha. - Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba (ububomvu noma ubuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka). - Indawo izwakala ifudumele uma uyithinta kunezinye izindawo. |
| Amaphaphu | I-Pulmonary Embolism (PE) | - Ubunzima bokuphefumula ngokuzumayo. - Ubuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni (ikakhulukazi uma uphefumula kakhulu). - Ukukhwehlela (mhlawumbe ngegazi). - Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, isiyezi. |
| Ubuchopho | Isifo sohlangothi | - Ukungazweli noma ubuthakathaka bobuso, ingalo, noma umlenze (ngokuvamile ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba). - Ubunzima bokukhuluma noma ukugwinya amagama. - Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu ngokuzumayo. - Ubunzima bokubona, ubunzima bokuhamba. |
| Inhliziyo | Isifo senhliziyo | - Ubuhlungu obucindezelayo, obucindezelayo phakathi kwesifuba. - Lobuhlungu busakazekela ezingalweni, entanyeni, emhlathini, noma emhlane. - Ubunzima bokuphefumula. - Ukujuluka, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza. |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, uma wena noma othile omaziyo ehlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha, ngaphandle kokulibala. Esimweni esinjalo, isikhathi sibaluleke kakhulu.
Izinkinga zokujiya kwegazi
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zezinkinga zokujiya kwegazi. Esinye yilapho igazi lingajiyi khona ngesikhathi esifanele, kanti esinye yilapho igazi lijiya kakhulu ngendlela engadingekile.
| Izinkinga Zokopha - Izinkinga Zokujiya Kwegazi | Izinkinga Zokugoba Kwegazi - Ukugoba kwegazi ngokweqile |
|---|---|
| Abantu abanalezi zifo banenkinga yokuvimba ukopha ngisho nasenxebeni elincane. | Imizimba yabo ikhiqiza amahlule egazi ngokungadingekile. |
| Izibonelo: - Isifo sikaVon Willebrand: Isimo esivame ukuba sezakhi zofuzo. - I-Thrombocytopenia: Ukwehla kwenani lama-platelet egazini. - I-Hemophilia (I-Hemophilia Ezuzwe Njengefa): Ukwehla kokukhiqizwa kwamaprotheni emzimbeni adingekayo ukuze igazi lijiye. | Izibonelo: - I-Factor V Leiden: Isimo esivamile, esihambisana nofuzo esanda ingozi ye-DVT kanye ne-PE. - Ukuguqulwa Kwezakhi Zofuzo ze-Prothrombin: Lokhu futhi kuyisimo sofuzo. - I-Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Lokhu kubangelwa inkinga ngohlelo lokuzivikela komzimba. |
Yiziphi ezinye izinto ezandisa ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi?
Ngaphezu kwezimo zezokwelapha ezibalwe ngenhla, indlela yethu yokuphila nezinye izinkinga zempilo nazo zingandisa ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu.
- Ubudala: Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-65 basengozini enkulu yokuba namahlule egazi.
- Ukukhulelwa: Ingozi iyanda ngenxa yezinguquko zamahomoni nezinye izinguquko emzimbeni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nangemva kokubeletha.
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile: Isisindo somzimba esiningi siyinto enkulu ebangela ukuqhekeka kwegazi.
- Umdlavuza: Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza kanye nokwelashwa komdlavuza (isib. i-chemotherapy) zivuselela ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi.
- Amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo noma ukwelashwa ngama-hormone: Ukuthatha amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo noma okunye ukwelashwa ngama-hormone okuqukethe i-hormone i-estrogen kungandisa ingozi yakho.
- Ukubhema: Ukubhema konakalisa imithambo yegazi futhi kwandisa ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi.
- Ukuhlala endaweni efanayo isikhathi eside kakhulu:Cabanga uhamba ngebhasi usuka eColombo uya eJaffna, noma uhleli esihlalweni sehhovisi amahora amaningi ngesikhathi. Kufanele uhlale embhedeni ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukujikeleza kwegazi emilenzeni kuyehla, okungaholela ezimweni ezifana ne-DVT.
Singakwazi yini ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwegazi?
Asikwazi ukuvimbela ngokuphelele isimo sofuzo. Kodwa-ke, singayinciphisa kakhulu ingozi ngokuthola ukwelashwa nokwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila. Ezinye izinto eziningi eziyingozi ziyizinto esingazilawula.
- Bona udokotela wakho njalo: Thola ukuhlolwa konyaka. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinto ezikubangela ingozi.
- Bamba iqhaza ekuhlolweni komdlavuza: Ungayeki ukuhlolwa komdlavuza okunconywayo (isib., umdlavuza webele, wesibeletho, wamathumbu amakhulu) ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yobudala nobulili.
- Gcina isisindo esinempilo: Lawula isisindo somzimba wakho ngokudla okunempilo kanye nokuzivocavoca.
- Yeka ukubhema ngokuphelele: Uma ubhema, yenza isinqumo sokuyeka namuhla. Ungafuna neseluleko sezokwelapha ngalokhu.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi: Ukuvimbela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kungasiza ekulawuleni ukujiya kwegazi.
- Hlala umatasa: Uma uhlala isikhathi eside, vuka uhambehamba okungenani kanye ngehora. Vivinya imilenze yakho. Uma uhamba ngezinyawo ezinde, shukumisa imilenze yakho njalo.
- Landela iseluleko sikadokotela wakho: Uma udokotela wakho ethi usengozini yokuqhekeka kwegazi, thatha imithi (isib. imithi yokunciphisa igazi) njengoba nje ekutshela.
Ekugcineni, ukujiya kwegazi kuyinqubo ebalulekile yokuphepha kwemizimba yethu. Kodwa uma kudlula imingcele yalo, okungukuthi, uma ijiya lakheka ngokungadingekile ngaphakathi emithanjeni, kungaba yingozi empilweni. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izici eziyingozi nezimpawu. Uma unokungabaza noma ukwesaba ngalokhu, sicela ukhulume nodokotela womndeni wakho. Uzohlola impilo yakho futhi akunike iseluleko esidingekayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukujiya kwegazi kuyinqubo yemvelo evimba ukopha ngenxa yokulimala. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ngokungadingekile emzimbeni futhi kuvimbe imithambo yegazi.
- Hlala uqaphela izimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala kwemilenze nobuhlungu (DVT), ubuhlungu besifuba obungazelelwe kanye nokuphelelwa umoya (PE), kanye nokuba ndikindiki kolunye uhlangothi lobuso noma lomzimba (Stroke).
- Ubudala, ukukhulelwa, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, ukubhema, nokuhlala endaweni efanayo isikhathi eside kwandisa ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu eziyingozi ezishiwo ngenhla,Ungachithi isikhathi uye esibhedlela ngokushesha.
- Ungakwazi ukulawula lesi simo ngokukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngengozi yakho nokuphila ngendlela enempilo.
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