Ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngomdlavuza wamathambo? Ungesabi, ake sixoxe!

Wake wacabanga ukuthi amathambo ethu, okungukuthi, amathambo, nawo angaba nomdlavuza? Mhlawumbe wena noma othile omaziyo uke waba nobuhlungu emathanjeni noma iqhubu elincane wazibuza ngalo. Uyini ngempela umdlavuza wamathambo, uvela kanjani, ziyini izimpawu, futhi ingabe kukhona ukwelashwa? Sizoxoxa ngakho konke lokhu namuhla, kalula nje.

Uyini Umdlavuza Wamathambo?

Kalula nje, igama elithi "Bone Cancer" liyigama elijwayelekile lezinhlobo eziningana ezahlukene zomdlavuza ezikhula emathanjeni ethu. Lapho la maseli omdlavuza eqala ukukhula ngaphakathi kwethambo, njengesitshalo esibi, alimaza izicubu zethu ezinhle zamathambo. Lokho kusho ukuthi alimaza amathambo anempilo. Nakuba la ma-cancer angakhula kunoma yiliphi ithambo, avame ukubonakala ethanjeni lethanga, ethanjeni lesifuba, noma ethanjeni lengalo engenhla.

Manje, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zomdlavuza wamathambo. Enye yilapho umdlavuza uqala emathanjeni . Siwubiza ngokuthi 'umdlavuza wamathambo oyinhloko' noma 'ama-bone sarcomas'. Olunye uhlobo yilapho umdlavuza uqala kwenye indawo emzimbeni, njengebele, amaphaphu, noma i-prostate, bese usakazekela emathanjeni . Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'ama-metastases emathanjeni'. Kufana nalapho umdlavuza uqala kwenye indawo bese usakazekela emathanjeni. Umdlavuza webele, umdlavuza we-prostate, kanye nomdlavuza wamaphaphu yizinhlobo okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi zisakazekele emathanjeni.

Umdlavuza wamathambo empeleni uyisimo esibi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuselapha ngokushesha . Kodwa kunezindaba ezinhle! Odokotela bethu banezindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha lo mdlavuza wamathambo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ungelapheka ngokuphelele.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zomdlavuza wamathambo ezikhona?

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zomdlavuza wamathambo oyinhloko, okungumdlavuza oqala ethanjeni ngokwalo. Lezi zihlukaniswa ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lweseli kanye nezicubu lapho umdlavuza uqala khona:

1. I-Osteosarcoma : Lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza wamathambo oluvame kakhulu. Luqala emaseli akha izicubu ezintsha zamathambo. Luvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane (ikakhulukazi eziphakathi kweminyaka eyi-10 nengama-20) , kodwa lungenzeka nasezinganeni nakubantu abadala abasebasha.

2. I-Ewing Sarcoma : Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza lungakhula emathanjeni kanye nasezicutshini ezithambile ezizungezile. Luvame kakhulu ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abasebasha .

3. I-Chondrosarcoma : Lo mdlavuza uqala ku-cartilage, izicubu ezithambile ezixhumanisayo ezisiza amalunga namathambo ethu ukuthi anyakaze. Uvame kakhulu kubantu abadala .

Ngaphezu kwalezi zinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko, kunezinye izinhlobo ezingavamile zomdlavuza wamathambo:

• I-Chordoma : Lo mdlavuza ukhula emgogodleni noma phansi kwekhanda.
• I-Fibrosarcoma (`I-Fibrosarcoma`): Lokhu kuqala ezicutshini ezixhumeneyo ezinemicu ekugcineni kwamathambo.
• Amathumba amakhulu amangqamuzana : Lawa empeleni amathumba angewona umdlavuza (angewona umdlavuza). Kodwa-ke, awavamile ukuba umdlavuza.
• I-sarcoma ye-pleomorphic engahlukanisiwe : Lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza olungenalo ulaka oluqala ezicutshini ezithambile nasemathanjeni.

Uvame kangakanani umdlavuza wamathambo?

Kodwa nansi into, umdlavuza wamathambo awuvamile kakhulu . Eqinisweni, uma uqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza, awuvamile kakhulu. Isibonelo, ezweni elifana neMelika, umdlavuza wamathambo ungaphansi kwe-1% yazo zonke izinhlobo zomdlavuza. Nakuba ungakhula kunoma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala, uvame kakhulu ezinganeni nakubantu abasha kunakwabantu abadala.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi ngoba nje uneqhubu ethanjeni lakho, akusho ukuthi umdlavuza. Iningi lezimila zamathambo azinawo umdlavuza (azinabungozi). Lezi zimila ezingezona umdlavuza azisabalali emzimbeni wonke njengoba kwenza umdlavuza.

Ziyini izimpawu zomdlavuza wamathambo?

Abanye abantu abanomdlavuza wamathambo bangase bangakhombisi zimpawu, bamane nje bayizigaxa ezingenabuhlungu. Kodwa abanye bangase babe nezimpawu ezahlukahlukene. Cabanga ngengane yakho noma othile omaziyo ekhononda njalo ngobuhlungu emlenzeni owodwa noma engalweni, okubi kakhulu ebusuku, noma ngezinye izikhathi ubuhlungu obuhlabayo . Ungase ucabange, "O, lokhu kumelwe ukuthi kwakubangelwa ukuwa ngenkathi udlala," noma "Kumane nje kuyizinhlungu zokukhula." Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zimpawu zingaphambaniswa nezinye izimo, njenge-arthritis. Lokhu kungabambezela ukuxilongwa.

Lezi yizimpawu ezivame kakhulu zomdlavuza wamathambo:

• Ubuhlungu bamathambo obukhula kancane kancane futhi obuhlala njalo (ngokuvamile buba bubi ebusuku. Bungaba buthuntu, bubuhlungu, noma buhlabe).
• Isigaxa noma ukuvuvukala endaweni ethintekile (okungase kuzwakale kuqinile noma kuthambile uma kuthintwa).
• Ukuvuvukala okungachazeki okuzungeze ithambo elithintekile.
• Ubunzima bokunyakaza (ikakhulukazi uma ukuvuvukala kuseduze nejoyinti).
• Ukukhathala .
• Imfiva .

Yiziphi izimbangela zomdlavuza wamathambo?

Ochwepheshe abasazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela umdlavuza wamathambo. Kodwa njengezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza, izimila zamathambo ziyavela lapho amangqamuzana eqala ukukhula ngokungalawuleki ngenxa yamaphutha ku-DNA yawo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lawa maseli angakhula ndawonye akhe inqwaba, onakalise izicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile. Uma ingelashwa, umdlavuza wamathambo ungasakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Izici zengozi

Abacwaningi bathole ukuxhumana phakathi komdlavuza wamathambo nezinto ezithile eziyingozi. Lezi yizi:

• Njengoba uke wathola ukwelashwa komdlavuza ngaphambilini : Uma uke wathola ukwelashwa ngemisebe noma imithi ethile ye-chemotherapy njengokwelashwa kweminye imidlavuza, ingozi yakho yokuba nomdlavuza wamathambo esikhathini esizayo ingase ikhuphuke kancane.
• Izici zofuzo : Ezinye izimo zofuzo ezingavamile, ezizuzwe njengefa, njenge-Li-Fraumeni syndrome, zingandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wamathambo. Futhi, ukuzuza ufuzo olushintshashintshayo olubangela isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-retinoblastoma nakho kwandisa ingozi.
• Izifo zamathambo ezingezona ezomdlavuza : Akuvamile ukuthi izimo zamathambo ezingezona ezomdlavuza ziphenduke umdlavuza. Isibonelo, uma unezimo ezibizwa ngokuthi 'isifo se-Paget sethambo' noma 'ama-enchondroma amaningi', ingozi inganda kancane.

Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi abathola umdlavuza wamathambo abanazo lezi zinto eziyingozi . Ngokuvamile, kwenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile.

Yiziphi izinkinga zalesi simo?

Umdlavuza wamathambo wenza amathambo abe buthaka. Ngezinye izikhathi, lo mdlavuza ungabangela ukuphuka kwamathambo. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'ukuphuka kwethambo okubangelwa yizifo'. Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela bathola umdlavuza wamathambo uma behlola ukuphuka kwamathambo okunje.

Umdlavuza wamathambo utholakala kanjani? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ukuze ahlole umdlavuza wamathambo, udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokuthatha ama-X-ray ukuze abheke amathambo akho. Ngemuva kwalokho, bavame ukwenza i-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) kanye ne-Computed Tomography (CT) scans ukuze bathole izithombe ezicacile zezindawo ezizungeze amathambo. Lokhu kubalulekile ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, udokotela wakho uzokwenza i-biopsy . Lokhu kusho ukuthatha ingxenye encane yezicubu ethanjeni lakho bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope nguchwepheshe (udokotela wezifo). I-biopsy inikeza ulwazi oluthile mayelana nohlobo lomdlavuza. Ngalolu lwazi, udokotela wakho anganquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe.

Ukuhlolwa Komdlavuza Wamathambo

Ngokunquma isigaba somdlavuza (`umdlavuza oqhubekayo`), odokotela banganquma ukuthi umdlavuza usendaweni noma usakazeke emzimbeni wonke (ususakazeke kakhulu). Babheka nokuthi kungenzeka kangakanani ukuthi usakazeke, uma ungakasabalali. Ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza abukeka engajwayelekile kangakanani (`ibanga lesimila`) kunikeza inkomba yokuthi umdlavuza usakazeka kangakanani. Kunezindlela ezimbili odokotela abazisebenzisayo ukuthola isigaba somdlavuza wamathambo:

1.Inhlangano Yezimila Zemisipha (`Inhlangano Yezimila Zemisipha` noma `Uhlelo Lokunwebeka`):

• Isigaba 1 : Umdlavuza usezingeni eliphansi futhi awukasabalali.
• Isigaba sesi-2 : Umdlavuza usezingeni eliphezulu, kodwa awukasabalali.
• Isigaba 3 : Umdlavuza ususakazekile.

2. Uhlelo lweKomiti Ehlangene yaseMelika Yomdlavuza (`IKomiti Ehlangene yaseMelika Yomdlavuza - AJCC`):

• Isigaba 1 : Isimila sisezingeni eliphansi futhi umdlavuza awukasabalali.
• Isigaba sesi-2 : Umdlavuza awukasabalali, kodwa isimila sisezingeni eliphezulu.
• Isigaba sesi-3 : Isimila sisezingeni eliphezulu, futhi umdlavuza ususakazekele kwezinye izindawo ngaphakathi kwethambo elifanayo.
• Isigaba sesi-4 : Umdlavuza ususakazeke kusukela emathanjeni uye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, isibonelo, amaphaphu noma isibindi.

Umdlavuza wamathambo welashwa kanjani?

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko komdlavuza wamathambo ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe umdlavuza . Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokuhlinzwa "ukuhlinzwa okusindisa izitho." Kulokhu kuhlinzwa, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa umdlavuza kanye nenani elincane lezicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile, kodwa ushiya ingalo noma umlenze wakho ungathintekile. Ithambo elonakele lingakhiwa kabusha "ngama-real bone graft" noma "ama-artificial bone graft".

Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela ohlinzayo kungadingeka asuse ingalo noma umlenze wonke ('ukunqunywa') ukuze elaphe umdlavuza. Uma lokho kwenzeka, uzofakelwa ingalo noma umlenze wokufakelwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Lawa madivayisi manje asethuthukile kakhulu, futhi angakusiza ukuthi wenze imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke njengoba nje ayesenza ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha yilezi:

• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe : Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukunciphisa izimila ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa noma ukubhubhisa noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kungasetshenziswa esikhundleni sokuhlinzwa kweminye imidlavuza yamathambo.
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali : Lokhu kunikezwa ukwelapha umdlavuza oyinhloko, umdlavuza osakazeke (ama-metastases), kanye namaseli omdlavuza azulazula emzimbeni. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kuvame ukunikezwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukulawula ukusabalala komdlavuza futhi mhlawumbe kunciphise isimila. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali (i-chemo) okunikezwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa kusiza "ukuhlanza" noma yimaphi amaseli omdlavuza asele emzimbeni futhi kuvimbele umdlavuza wamathambo ukuthi ungabuyi.

Ngizozizwa ngingcono ngokushesha kangakanani ngemva kokwelashwa?

Ubuhlungu obubangelwa umdlavuza wamathambo buvame ukuqala ukuncipha ngokushesha nje lapho ukwelashwa kuqala. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa kungadala nemiphumela emibi, futhi ukululama kuthatha isikhathi.

Kungathatha izinyanga eziyisithupha zokuvuselelwa kanye nokwelashwa ngokomzimba ukuze ujwayele ukufakelwa. Uma uhlinzwe ngokuhlinzwa kokunciphisa izitho, kungathatha isikhathi esingangonyaka ukuze uzizwe ukhululekile ngokuphelele ngezinguquko emathanjeni akho.

Ekugcineni, isikhathi sakho sokululama sincike ohlotsheni lomdlavuza, isigaba sawo, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kokwelashwa okudingayo. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi yini ongayilindela, ukuze ukwazi ukunquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okukulungele.

Ingabe umdlavuza wamathambo ungavinjelwa?

Njengoba ochwepheshe bengazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela umdlavuza wamathambo, okwamanje ayikho indlela yokuwuvimbela . Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwelashwa ngemisebe, okungenye imbangela eyaziwayo yomdlavuza wamathambo, kubalulekile ekwelapheni eminye imidlavuza, ngakho-ke ayinakugwenywa ngokuphelele.

Kodwa-ke, kufanele ubonane nodokotela uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingavamile emathanjeni akho, njengeqhubu noma ubuhlungu obandayo bamathambo. Lezi zimpawu azisho njalo umdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, udokotela kuphela ongahlonza imbangela eqondile yenkinga.

Yini engingayilindela uma nginomdlavuza wamathambo?

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamathambo kuvame ukuphumelela . Ezimweni eziningi, umdlavuza awubuyi. Kungathatha ukuhlinzwa okungaphezu kokukodwa ukuze kufezwe lo mphumela.

Abantu abanezinhlobo zomdlavuza wamathambo ezithuthuke kakhulu kungadingeka baqhubeke nokwelashwa, njengokwelashwa ngemisebe kanye nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ukuze kuvinjelwe ukusabalala komdlavuza. Lokhu kwelashwa kunganikezwa isikhathi eside ukulawula umdlavuza.

Okokugcina, isimo somuntu wonke sihlukile, ngakho akuwona wonke umuntu onomdlavuza wamathambo ozoba nomphumela ofanayo. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukubikezela kwakho ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni, esigabeni, indawo yomdlavuza wakho, kanye nempendulo yakho ekwelashweni.

Lingakanani izinga lokwelashwa komdlavuza wamathambo?

Nakuba umdlavuza wamathambo ungabulala, abantu abaningi bayalulama ngokugcwele . Izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu ngenxa yomdlavuza wamathambo lingu-68.2%. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abantu abangu-68.2% abanomdlavuza wamathambo basaphila eminyakeni emihlanu ngemva kokuxilongwa. Abantu abanomdlavuza wamathambo osesigabeni sokuqala banethuba elingcono lokululama ngokugcwele. Abantu abanomdlavuza wamathambo osesigabeni esiphezulu, okusho ukuthi umdlavuza usuvele usakazeke, basengozini enkulu yokuthi umdlavuza uphinde ubuye.

Kodwa khumbula, lawa mazinga okusinda ayizilinganiso nje ezisekelwe kubantu ababenomdlavuza wamathambo esikhathini esidlule. Awakutsheli ukuthi uzophila isikhathi esingakanani noma ukuthi yini ongayilindela esimweni sakho esithile. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana namazinga okusinda komdlavuza wamathambo.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma unezinhlungu noma ukuvuvukala kwamathambo okungachazekiHlela isikhathi sokubonana nodokotela ngokushesha. Uma ingane yakho inesimila noma ukuvuvukala okungapheli, bona udokotela wengane yakho. Uma usuvele welashwa umdlavuza wamathambo, yazisa udokotela wakho uma uthola izimpawu ezintsha.

Ngemva kokwelashwa, qiniseka ukuthi uya kuzo zonke izikhathi zokulandelela . Phakathi neminyaka emibili yokuqala, kungadingeka ukuthi ubonane nodokotela wakho njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha, bese ukuhlolwa kuzoncipha. Ngokuhlolwa njalo okufana nalokhu, ungawuthola umdlavuza kusenesikhathi uma ubuya, futhi ukwelashwa kwakho kuzosebenza kangcono.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Ukuqonda ngokugcwele ukuxilongwa kwakho kuzokusiza ukuthi wenze izinqumo ezinhle kakhulu ngempilo yakho. Nansi eminye imibuzo ongayibuza udokotela wakho:

• Uhlobo luni lomdlavuza wamathambo enginalo?
• Ingabe kusabalele?
• Yiziphi izivivinyo okudingeka ngizenze?
• Yiziphi izindlela zami zokwelapha?
• Iyini iphrojekthi yami?

Uma uthola ukuthi unomdlavuza wamathambo, ungase uzizwe wesaba, ukhungathekile, futhi ungaqiniseki. Yiqiniso, kunezinto eziningi ezingaziwa ezihlotshaniswa nokuxilongwa komdlavuza. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwakho kuzoncika ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lomdlavuza wamathambo onawo nokuthi utholakala nini. Kodwa umdlavuza wamathambo awubulali noma awuphulukisi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Abantu abaningi abatholakala benalesi sifo bathola ukwelashwa okuqeda umdlavuza .

Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nezinketho zakho zokwelashwa. Futhi, cabanga ngokujoyina iqembu lokusekelana. Ukukhuluma nabantu ababhekene nezinto ezifanayo nawe kungaba kuhle empilweni yakho yengqondo, ngokomzwelo nangokomoya.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Umdlavuza wamathambo yinto okufanele uyesabe ngempela, kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba nolwazi oluphelele ngawo futhi ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha ngesikhathi esifanele .

Khumbula, akuwona wonke ubuhlungu bamathambo noma amaqhubu abangela umdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, uma unenkinga, kuwukuhlakanipha ukukhuluma nodokotela ngakho.

Ngokuthuthuka kwezokwelapha zesimanje, kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha umdlavuza wamathambo eziphumelelayo. Kwezinye izimo, ungelapheka ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uqinile futhi ulandele iseluleko sodokotela bakho. Awuwedwa, futhi unomndeni, abangane, nodokotela abazokusiza kulolu hambo.

Umdlavuza Wamathambo, Umdlavuza Wamathambo, Izimpawu Zomdlavuza, Ubuhlungu Bamathambo, Ukwelashwa Komdlavuza, Izinhlobo Zomdlavuza, Umdlavuza Wabantwana