Kungani amathambo ngezinye izikhathi ephuka ngisho nasezintweni ezincane kakhulu? (Ukuphuka Kwesifo) Ake sifunde ngakho.

Cabanga ukuthi uhamba ngaphakathi endlini yakho bese unyawo lwakho lubanjwa ekhoneni lekhaphethi noma esitebhisini esincane. Noma ake sithi ushaya umlenze wesihlalo kanzima kancane. Ngokuvamile, ithambo elikhulu engalweni noma emlenzeni wethu aliphuki ngenxa yento efana naleyo, akunjalo? Kodwa-ke, amathambo abanye abantu abuthakathaka kancane, ngakho-ke ngisho nento encane efana naleyo ingawaphula. Yilokho esikhuluma ngakho namuhla (Pathologic Fracture).

Kuyini lokhu (Ukuqhekeka Kwesifo)?

Kalula nje, i-Pathologic Fracture iwukuphuka kwethambo . Kodwa lokhu akuvele kwenzeke nje. Amathambo akho asebuthakathaka ngenxa yesinye isimo sezokwelapha emzimbeni wakho, okwenza abe sengozini enkulu yokuphuka kunamathambo avamile. Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela babiza lokhu ngokuthi i-Pathologic Fracture.

Cabanga nje, ukuwa nje, ingozi encane ngenkathi udlala imidlalo, noma ngisho nokushayisana okuncane umzimba ongakubekezelela ngokuvamile, kungabangela ukuphuka kwesifo kumuntu onamathambo abuthakathaka. Kufana nocezu lokhuni olubolile olungaphuka ngisho nangokucindezela okuncane kakhulu.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zamathambo ezithinteka kakhulu yilokhu?

Lesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi ukuphuka kwe-pathologic, singavela kunoma yiliphi ithambo emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, sivame ukubonakala emathanjeni avame ukuba aqinile kakhulu futhi angaphuki kalula . Isibonelo:

• I-Vertebrae : Lawa amathambo amancane akha umgogodla wethu.
• I-pelvis
• I-Humerus : Leli yithambo engxenyeni engenhla yengalo kusukela ehlombe kuya endololwaneni.
• I-Femur : Ithambo elide kakhulu nelinamandla emzimbeni wethu.
• I-Tibia : Ithambo elijiyile lomlenze kusukela edolweni kuya eqakaleni.
• I-Fibula : Ithambo elincane elihamba ngokulingana ne-tibia.

Ngokuvamile, noma ngabe ushelela kancane ngenkathi wenza imisebenzi yasekhaya noma ulahlekelwa yibhalansi yakho ngenkathi wehla izitebhisi, la mathambo amakhulu ezingalweni nasemilenzeni yethu awavamile ukuphuka. Kodwa-ke, uma unesifo esibuthakathaka amathambo akho, ngisho nesigameko esincane esinjengaleso singabangela ukuphuka kwethambo okubangelwa yizifo .

Ngezinye izikhathi, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe ithambo eliphukile. Noma, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuphuka kwethambo ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke. Udokotela wakho uzophinde ancome ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zesimo esibangela ukuba amathambo akho abe buthaka. Isikhathi esithathayo ukuze alulame sincike ekutheni yiliphi ithambo eliphukile nokuthi yini ebangele lokho.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuphuka kwe-Pathologic?

Izimpawu zokuphuka kwe-Pathologic zifana kakhulu nezokwaphuka okuvamile. Ziyi:

• Ubuhlungu : Kungase kube nobuhlungu obukhulu, obungabekezeleleki.
• Ukuvuvukala : Indawo lapho ithambo liphukile khona izovuvukala.
• Ububele: Ubuhlungu buzwa uma buthintwa noma bucindezelwa.
• Ukungakwazi ukunyakaza ngendlela evamile : Ingxenye yomzimba ethintekile ayikwazi ukunyakaza noma ukusetshenziswa ngendlela evamile.
• Ukuphuka noma ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba : Ngezinye izikhathi kungabukeka kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/kunsomi.
• Ukukhubazeka noma iqhubu : Isimo noma iqhubu elingavamile lingabonakala endaweni lapho kwaqhekeka khona.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi noma ngabe unalezi zimpawu, kufanele nakanjani ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha ukuze wazi kahle ukuthi ngabe yi-Pathologic Fracture noma cha, nokuthi iyini imbangela.

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? (Ukuphuka Kwesifo) Izimbangela

Imbangela eyinhloko yokuqhekeka kwethambo, ngaphandle kokuthi wena wazi, ukuba khona kwesimo sezokwelapha emzimbeni wakho esenza amathambo akho abe buthaka ngendlela engavamile . Izimbangela ezimbili eziyinhloko zalokhu yi-osteoporosis kanye nezimila zamathambo.

Ngenxa ye-osteoporosis

I-Osteoporosis yisifo lapho amathambo eba nezimbobo kancane kancane futhi aqhekeke . Kunjengokungathi asanda kuphuma ngaphakathi. Lokhu kwenza amathambo angaqini futhi abe sengozini yokuphuka. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi bane-osteoporosis kuphela ngemva kokuphuka ithambo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kungase kungabi nazimpawu ezicacile zesifo ekuqaleni .

Abesifazane nabantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-osteoporosis. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ukuthi ogogo nomkhulu bethu babephuka ingalo noma umlenze ngisho noma bewa kancane. Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zalokho yi-osteoporosis.

Ngenxa yezimila noma izilonda zamathambo

Isimila siyinqwaba yamaseli angajwayelekile akheka noma kuphi emzimbeni wethu. Amanye alawa angaba nomdlavuza (ayingozi), kanti amanye angaba angewona umdlavuza (angabi yingozi). Izilonda zamathambo akuzona izimila eziqinile, kodwa kunalokho ziyizinhlayiya zamaseli ezingajwayelekile ezenza ithambo libe buthaka.

I-A (Pathologic Fracture) ingenzeka uma kuvela isimila noma isilonda ngaphakathi kwethambo, noma uma sisakazekela ethanjeni sisuka kwenye indawo. Ngemuva kwalokho isimo semvelo namandla ethambo kuyaphela.

• Izimila eziyingozi: Uma unomdlavuza wamathambo (i-sarcoma), ungakhula emathanjeni ngokwawo. Kodwa-ke, kuvame kakhulu ukuthi umdlavuza usabalale emathanjeni usuka kwenye ingxenye yomzimba (isib., ibele, amaphaphu, i-prostate) (ukusabalala kwamathambo).
• Izimila zamathambo ezingengozi: Lezi izimila ezingenawo amangqamuzana omdlavuza, kodwa ezikhula emathanjeni. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene. Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwalezi zinhlobo lungenza ithambo libe buthaka (ukuphuka kwe-pathologic).

Uyihlola kanjani ngokunembile le nkinga?

Udokotela uzokuxilonga ukuthi une-Pathologic Fracture.Kuhlolwa ngokomzimba kanye nokuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kwezithombe .

Okungenani okukodwa kokuhlolwa kwezithombe okulandelayo kuzokwenziwa ukuhlola ithambo lakho elilimele nendawo ezungezile:

• Ama-X-ray : Lokhu kungabonisa ngokusobala ukuphuka kwamathambo.
• I-MRI Scan (MRI - Magnetic Resonance Imaging) : Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubone hhayi amathambo kuphela, kodwa nezicubu ezithambile ezizungezile nezinto ezifana nezimila.
• I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scan) : Lokhu kungaveza nezithombe ezinemininingwane zamathambo nezicubu ezizungezile.

Kuye ngokuthi imbangela yokuphuka kwamathambo ikuphi, kungadingeka ukuthi wenze ezinye izivivinyo. Isibonelo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi komdlavuza : Hlola izimpawu zomdlavuza.
• I-Biopsy : Ukuthatha isampula encane yezicubu noma izicubu bese uzihlola ngaphansi kwe-microscope.
• Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathambo (i-DXA scan) : Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlola i-osteoporosis.

Uphatha kanjani i-(Pathologic Fracture)?

Ukwelashwa Kokuphuka Kwesifo Kuncike ekutheni yiliphi ithambo eliphukile nokuthi yini ebangele lokho . Njengazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo zokuphuka, izindlela zokwelapha ezilandelayo zisetshenziselwa ukuphuka Kwesifo:

• Ukungakwazi ukunyakaza: Kungase kudingeke ukuthi ufake i-cast noma i-splint. Isikhathi osidingayo ukuze usifake sizoncika ohlotsheni lwethambo eliphukile. Iningi labantu kuzodingeka lifake i-cast amasonto amaningana. Kungase kudingeke futhi ukuthi wenze i-X-ray ukuze uhlole ukuthi ithambo liphola kahle yini.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Amanye ama-fracture e-pathological adinga ukuhlinzwa. Udokotela ohlinzayo 'ubeka' ithambo eliphukile bese elilungisa endaweni yalo kuze kube yilapho liphola bese libuya ndawonye. Indlela evame kakhulu 'ukulungisa kwangaphakathi'. Lokhu kusho ukuthi udokotela ohlinzayo ufaka amapuleti ensimbi, izikulufo, noma izikhonkwane ethanjeni. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungahlala endaweni yakho impilo yonke. Abanye abantu bangadinga okunye ukuhlinzwa ukuze basuswe kamuva.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Uma udokotela engathola isimila noma isilonda ngaphambi kokuba ithambo liphuke, ukwelashwa ngemisebe kunganikezwa ukuze kubhujiswe. Lo msebe ubhubhisa ukukhula okungavamile ethanjeni futhi uvumele amangqamuzana amathambo aphilile ukuba akhule futhi. Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kunganikezwa futhi ngemva kokuhlinzwa ngenxa yokuphuka kwethambo okubangelwa umdlavuza wamathambo.
• Ukwelapha isimo esiyisisekelo: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu.Ungase udinge nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ukwelapha isimo esiyisisekelo noma isimila esibangele ukuphuka. Isibonelo, uma unomdlavuza, kuzodingeka usebenze nodokotela wezifo zomdlavuza. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi yini ongayilindela kanye nohlobo luni lokwelashwa oluzodinga.

Ezinye izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngenxa ye-Pathologic Fracture

Ukuphuka kwezicubu okubangelwa yizifo, njengokunye ukuphuka kwezicubu, kungabangela izinkinga ezithile. Ezinye zazo yilezi:

• I-Acute Compartment Syndrome (ACS): Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwemisipha ikhuphuka futhi ukugeleza kwegazi kuya ezicutshini kunqamuka. Lokhu kungabangela ukulimala kwemisipha nemizwa okungapheli.
• I-Malunion: Lapho amathambo aphukile engahlangani kahle ngesikhathi sokuphulukiswa.
• I-Nonunion: Ithambo elingakabuyi ndawonye ngokugcwele noma ngokwengxenye.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi i-(Pathologic Fracture) iphole?

Isikhathi esithathayo ukuze i-Pathologic Fracture iphole sincike ezintweni eziningana:

• Yiliphi ithambo elaphukile?
• Yini ebangela ukuqhekeka kwamathambo?
• Hlobo luni lokwelashwa obeludinga?
• Ingabe kukhona okunye ukulimala oke waba nakho?

Ngokuvamile kuthatha izinyanga eziningana ukuthi ithambo eliphukile liphole. Khuluma nodokotela wakho noma udokotela ohlinzayo ngesikhathi esifanele isimo sakho. Isikhathi sakho sokululama sizoncika nasesimweni esiyisisekelo esibangele ukuphuka. Ngisho nangemva kokuba ithambo eliphukile selipholile, izimo ezifana ne-osteoporosis, izimila zamathambo ezingatheni, noma umdlavuza zingadinga isikhathi esengeziwe sokwelapha.

Ingabe lezi zinhlobo zokuqhekeka zingavinjelwa?

Yebo, kungavinjelwa ngezinga elithile. Uma udokotela wakho engathola isimila, isilonda, noma izimpawu ze-osteoporosis ngaphambi kokuba ithambo liphuke, kunethuba elihle lokuthi ukuphuka kwesifo kungavinjelwa. Ngezinye izikhathi, izimila nezimo ezenza amathambo abe buthakathaka zingabangela ubuhlungu ngaphambi kokuba ithambo liphuke. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ukuphuka kwesifo okuzayo," okusho "ukuphuka kwethambo okungenzeka kwenzeke maduze." Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obusha bethambo , bona udokotela ngokushesha.

Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuhlinzwa (okubizwa ngokuthi i-prophylactic fixation) kungenziwa ukuze kususwe isimila noma isilonda ngaphambi kokuba ithambo liphuke. Uma une-osteoporosis noma esinye isimo esithinta ukuqina kwamathambo, udokotela wakho angase ancome imithi kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha zokuqinisa amathambo akho nokunciphisa ingozi yokuqhekeka kwamathambo.

Kubalulekile ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kanye ngonyaka (noma kaningi njengoba udokotela wakho encoma).Futhi, uma uba nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha, njengobuhlungu obuzungeze ithambo noma ubuhlungu uma ulicindezela, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Uma ucabanga ukuthi usengozini, buza udokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa kofuzo komdlavuza noma ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathambo, okungabona i-osteoporosis kusenesikhathi.

Kufanele uye nini esibhedlela ngokushesha? (Uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo)

Uma ucabanga ukuthi unethambo eliphukile, ikakhulukazi uma unalezi zimpawu, iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha :

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu.
• Uma ungakwazi ukuhambisa ingxenye yomzimba wakho.
• Uma ingxenye yomzimba ibukeka ingajwayelekile, noma ibonakala ingafaneleki.
• Uma ithambo libonakala ngesikhumba.
• Uma kukhona ukuvuvukala.
• Uma kuvela imivimbo emisha kanye nalezi zimpawu.

Imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho

Ungabuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Yiliphi ithambo eliphukile?
• Ingabe lokhu kuwukuqhekeka kwezicubu noma olunye uhlobo lokuqhekeka?
• Ingabe ngizodinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe?
• Yisiphi isimo sezokwelapha esibangele lokhu kuphuka?
• Ingabe nginomdlavuza?

Ukuphula ithambo kuhlale kuyesabisa. Kungase kwesabise nakakhulu uma kwenzeka ngenxa yesimo sezokwelapha ongasazi. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi yini ebangele ukuphuka kwethambo, ukuthi ungasiza kanjani umzimba wakho ukuba ululame, nokuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezidingekayo ukulawula imbangela eyisisekelo.

Ungesabi ukubuza imibuzo. Uma uqonda kangcono isimo sakho sempilo, uzoba nesibindi esikhulu sokubhekana nalokho okuzayo.

Ekugcineni (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukuqhekeka Kwesifo kuyisimo esibucayi. Kodwa-ke, singaphathwa ngokuxilongwa nokwelashwa okufanele . Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela impilo yamathambo akho nokufuna usizo lwezokwelapha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile. Vula kudokotela wakho, ubuze imibuzo yakho, bese ulandela uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa. Uzokwazi ukubhekana nalesi simo ngempumelelo.

Ukuphuka Kwethambo , Ukuphuka Kwamathambo, Amathambo Abuthakathaka, I-Osteoporosis, Ithumba Lamathambo, Umdlavuza Wamathambo, Impilo Yamathambo