Sonke sifuna ukwenqatshwa ngumuntu othile empilweni yethu, akunjalo? Kungaba sebudlelwaneni bothando, ubungane, noma ngisho nasemsebenzini. Uma lokho kwenzeka, kuyinto evamile ukuzizwa udangele, uthukuthele, noma udumele. Kodwa ngokuvamile singakwazi ukulawula nokuphatha leyo mizwa okwesikhashana bese sibuyela esimweni esijwayelekile.
Kodwa ake ucabange, kuthiwani uma ukwenqatshwa kukubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu obungokomzwelo kangangokuthi awukwazi ngisho nokububekezelela, kangangokuthi awukwazi ngisho nokucabanga ngokulawula leyo mizwa? Ungase ube nalokho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi " i-rejection sensitive dysphoria" (RSD) . Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi uma une -Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) , kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube ne-RSD.
Iyini ngempela le RSD?
I-RSD akuyona isimo esiqashelwa ngokusemthethweni esinohlu lwezimpawu. Okusho ukuthi, ayibhekwa njengesimo sezokwelapha esihlukile. Kodwa-ke, odokotela nezazi zokusebenza kwengqondo basebenzisa leli gama ukuchaza izimpendulo ezingokomzwelo ezidlulele zokwenqatshwa ezivame ukuhlotshaniswa nezimo zokuziphatha eziqashelwa ngokusemthethweni njenge-ADHD.
Igama elithi "dysphoria" livela olimini lwesiGreki. Lisho "ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukungakhululeki." Abantu ababhekene ne-RSD bakuthola kunzima kakhulu ukubhekana nokwenqatshwa. Eqinisweni, bakuthola kunzima ukuchaza umuzwa ngamazwi. Bavame ukusebenzisa amagama anjengokuthi "angenakubekezeleleka" kanye "nokubhubhisa." Ngenxa yalokhu, abanye abantu bagwema ukuxhumana nabantu ngenxa yokwesaba ukwenqatshwa.
Kuyini ukuxhumana phakathi kwalesi simo ne-ADHD?
Ucwaningo alukacaci ukuthi ubani othola i-RSD nokuthi ihlobene kanjani ne-ADHD, njengoba ukwenqatshwa kunzima ukukulinganisa. Kodwa ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi abantu abane-ADHD banamathuba amaningi okubonisa izimpawu ze-RSD ngenxa yezinguquko ezithile esakhiweni sobuchopho babo.
Umuntu one-ADHD une-front lobe ehluke kancane ebuchosheni, elawula izinto ezifana nokunaka, ulimi, amakhono okuxhumana nabantu, ukulawula imizwa, ukwahlulela, kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga. Ngenxa yalokho, ungase uphuthelwe ezinye izimpawu zokuxhumana nabantu, ube nobunzima bokusebenza neqembu, noma ungakwazi ukunaka imininingwane.
Ngenxa yalokhu, lapho abanye besho okuthile ngokuziphatha kwakho, noma besho into engacacile, ungase uyichaze kabi njengokugxekwa, ukugconwa, noma ukwenqatshwa .
Lokhu kungaqondani kungakwenza uzizwe ukhungathekile, ubuhlungu, ukudabuka, kanye nokukhashelwa. Ungase ube nobunzima bokulawula le mizwa ngokushesha njengomuntu ongena-ADHD.
I-RSD ingase ihlotshaniswe nezinye izifo zengqondo kanye nokuphazamiseka kwemizwelo, kodwa kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe ukuze kuqondwe ngokugcwele lokhu.
Yiziphi izici ezivamile ze-RSD?
Nakuba i-RSD ingeyona isifo esisemthethweni, abantu abanalesi simo bangase babonise izimpawu ezilandelayo. Ake sibone ukuthi lezi zimpawu zizwakala zijwayelekile yini kuwe.
| Isici | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuzama ukujabulisa abanye (Ukujabulisa abantu) | Ukuzama ukujabulisa abanye kakhulu ukuze ugweme ukwenqatshwa. |
| Ukuzenyeza | Ukungazethembi, ukungabaza njalo kanye namahloni. |
| Ukuqhuma ngokomzwelo okungazelelwe | Imizwa evezwa ngisho nangokomzimba, njengokuqhuma kwentukuthelo okungazelelwe, izinyembezi, nokudabuka okungabekezeleleki. |
| Ukuzikhulumela okubi | Hlala uzisola uma kukhona okungahambi kahle noma kwenqatshwa. |
| Ukuzihlukanisa emphakathini | Ukugwema amathuba okuxhumana nabantu, umsebenzi, kanye nemithwalo yemfanelo ngenxa yokwesaba ukwenqatshwa. |
| Ukufuna ukuphelela | Ukuzama ukwenza konke kahle ukuze kungabikho ndawo yokugxekwa noma yokwehluleka. |
Ngezinye izikhathi, ukwesaba ukungamukelwa noma ukwenqatshwa abanye kungakwenza ugweme imisebenzi ethile kanye nemithwalo yemfanelo noma uhoxe ngokuphelele ekuxhumaneni nabantu. Lokhu kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ezingeni lakho lempilo.
Yini ebangela i-RSD?
Ochwepheshe abakaqondi ngokugcwele ukuthi yini ebangela lokhu, kodwa abanye bakholelwa ukuthi isakhiwo sobuchopho bakho sihlobene nalokho.
I-amygdala kanye ne-prefrontal cortex yizingxenye zobuchopho ezicubungula ukwenqatshwa, ukwehluleka, ukuqashelwa kwemizwelo, kanye nemiyalezo emibi. Zitholakala ngaphambili kobuchopho. Ngokuvamile, njengoba sikhula, lezi zingxenye ziba ngcono ekulawuleni nasekuhleleni imizwelo.
Kodwa kubantu abanezimo ezithile zengqondo noma zokuziphatha, ubuchopho abukwazi ukulawula kahle lezi zimpawu. Esikhundleni salokho, ubuchopho buchaza imizwa emibi njengento ebuhlungu kakhulu futhi ekhungathekisayo ukuthi ingaphathwa. Yilokhu ochwepheshe abakubiza ngokuthi " ukuphazamiseka kwemizwelo ."
Ngaphezu kwesakhiwo sobuchopho, abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi kungase kube nethonya lezakhi zofuzo, ikakhulukazi njengoba i-ADHD, isimo esihlobene kakhulu ne-RSD, sidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane.
Lesi simo sitholakala futhi selashwa kanjani?
Ngenxa yokuthi i-RSD ayisona isimo sezokwelapha esisemthethweni futhi ucwaningo ngayo lulinganiselwe, udokotela wakho noma umeluleki angase angazi okuningi ngayo, noma angase ayididanise nesinye isifo sengqondo.
Kodwa uma usuvele utholakale une-ADHD noma esinye isifo sengqondo, udokotela wakho angase akwazi ukubona le ndlela yokuziphatha yokuzwela ukwenqatshwa.
Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-RSD. Kodwa-ke, eminye imithi kanye nokwelashwa okusetshenziselwa i-ADHD kanye nezinye izifo zengqondo kungasiza ekulawuleni lezi zimpendulo ezingokomzwelo ezinzima.
Ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa
- Ama-agonist e-Alpha-2 receptor: Izidakamizwa ezifana ne-`guanfacine (Intuniv)` kanye ne-`clonidine (Kapvay)` zithuthukisa ikhono lobuchopho lokwamukela nokucubungula izimpawu zemizwa.
- Imithi yokuvuselela: Izidakamizwa ezifana ne-amphetamine (Adderall) kanye ne-methylphenidate (Ritalin) zivuselela izithunywa zamakhemikhali (ama-neurotransmitter) ezithwala izimpawu phakathi kwamangqamuzana obuchopho. Lokhu kusiza ubuchopho ukuthi bucubungule imiyalezo obuyitholayo kangcono.
- I-Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): Lezi zivame ukunqunyelwa ukucindezeleka. Kutholakale nokuthi zisiza ekunciphiseni ukuzwela kokwenqatshwa. Kodwa-ke, le mithi akufanele ithathwe neminye imithi ye-ADHD noma nokudla okuthile (isb. ushizi osekhulile, inyama). Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela umfutho wegazi ophakeme ngendlela eyingozi.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Ungaphuzi noma yimuphi umuthi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
Ukwelapha
Ngaphezu kwemithi, ukwelashwa okufana ne -Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) kanye ne-talk therapy kungaba usizo kakhulu. Lokhu kwelashwa kukusiza ukuthi uthole ukuqonda ngezimpendulo zakho zemizwelo.
Lokhu kwelashwa kukusiza futhi ukuthi uhlakulele imikhuba emihle, njengokulalela omunye umuntu, ukucela ukucaciselwa lapho izinto zingacacile, kanye nokuzinika isikhathi sokucabanga esikhundleni sokusabela ngokushesha. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uzokwazi ukuthuthukisa amathuluzi namasu owadingayo ukuze uphathe imizwa yakho ezimweni ezahlukene zenhlalo.
Isaziso Esikhethekile: Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enemicabango yokuzilimaza, sicela uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela esiseduze (i-ETU) ngokushesha. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukwenqatshwa I-Sensitive Dysphoria (RSD) iyimpendulo ebuhlungu kakhulu ngokomzwelo lapho wenqatshwa.
- Nakuba lesi kungesona isimo sezokwelapha esiqashelwa ngokusemthethweni, sivamile, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabantu abane-ADHD.
- Kukholelwa ukuthi izinguquko ekusebenzeni kobuchopho kanye nezici zofuzo zingase zibe yimbangela yalokhu.
- Lesi simo singaphathwa ngemithi, ikakhulukazi, ukwelashwa okufana nokwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo (i-CBT).
- Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enalezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko kudokotela ofanelekayo kunokuba uhlupheke wedwa.
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