Ingabe udokotela wakho ukutholile wena noma othandekayo wakho ukuthi unomdlavuza webele? Khona-ke kumelwe ukuthi uzwile igama elithi 'chemotherapy'. Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile kancane uma uzwa lokhu. Kodwa uma sinolwazi olufanele ngalezi zindlela zokwelapha , lokho kwesaba kungancishiswa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, enye yezinhlobo ezibaluleke kakhulu zemithi esetshenziswa ekwelashweni ngamakhemikhali ibizwa ngokuthi i-anthracyclines . Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula nangendlela ongayiqonda.
Lo muthi usebenza kanjani ngempela emzimbeni?
Kalula nje, ama-anthracyclines awuhlobo lwe-antibiotic olusiza ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Kodwa awafani nama-antibiotic esiwasebenzisayo omkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane. Akhiqizwa uhlobo lwe-fungus olubizwa ngokuthi i-Streptomyces, oluhlala enhlabathini.
Cabanga ngeseli lomdlavuza njengomshini wokukopisha owenza amakhophi ngaphandle kokulawula. Lo mshini uqhubeka nokwenza amakhophi ayizinkulungwane zawo. Lena indlela amathumba akheka futhi akhule ngayo. Okwenziwa ama-anthracycline ukuthi anamathisela 'kukhophi eyinhloko' ye-DNA kulowo mshini wokukopisha. Ngemuva kwalokho awakwazi ukwenza amakhophi amasha. Lokho kusho ukuthi ikhono lamaseli omdlavuza lokuhlukana nokukhula ngokushesha liyamiswa ngokuphelele.
Lomuthi uvame ukunikezwa njengomjovo noma njengesixazululo sikasawoti emthanjeni (ngokufakwa emthanjeni noma nge-IV). Udokotela wakho uzonquma umthamo kanye nobude bokwelashwa kwakho ngokusekelwe esigabeni kanye nesimo somdlavuza wakho.
Ezimweni eziningi, uma umdlavuza webele usesigabeni sokuqala, kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isimila. Bese kuthi, kunikezwe i-chemotherapy ukuze kubhujiswe ngokuphelele noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza amancane kakhulu, angabonakali angase asale emzimbeni. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "i-Adjuvant Chemotherapy" . Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuthi umdlavuza uphinde ubuye. Ama-anthracyclines angenye yezinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi esetshenziswa ku-"Adjuvant Chemotherapy".
Isebenza kangakanani i-anthracyclines?
Izifundo eziningi zikhombisile ukuthi izindlela zokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali eziqukethe i-anthracyclines ziphumelela kancane kunezindlela zokwelashwa ezingenazo.
Kolunye ucwaningo olukhulu, abesifazane abangaphezu kuka-4,000 abanomdlavuza webele osesigabeni sokuqala, ababesengozini enkulu yokuphinda bahlaselwe, bahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili futhi banikezwa ukwelashwa okubili.
1. Isigaba se-Anthracycline (TaxAC):Laba bantu banikwa eminye imithi yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali ngaphezu kwe-anthracyclines.
2. Iqembu elingenayo i-anthracycline (TC): Laba bantu banikezwa inhlanganisela ehlukile yemithi ye-chemotherapy eyayingenayo i-anthracycline.
Ngemva kokubuka amaqembu womabili iminyaka engaba mithathu, abacwaningi babheka ukuthi baphila isikhathi esingakanani bephilile ngaphandle kokuba umdlavuza uphinde ubuye. Imiphumela yayimi kanje:
- Eqenjini le-anthracycline (TaxAC), ama-92.4% omdlavuza awazange aphinde avele.
- Eqenjini le-non-anthracycline (TC), ama-91.7% omdlavuza awazange aphinde avele.
Le miphumela ikhombisa ukuthi, yize umehluko ungemkhulu, ukwelashwa okuqukethe i-anthracycline kusengayinciphisa kancane ingozi yokuphinda kuvele umdlavuza.
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yalokhu kwelashwa?
Yebo, njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ama-anthracycline angabangela imiphumela emibi. Kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu oyitholayo, futhi eminingi yayo ingalawulwa. Udokotela wakho uzokwazi ukukweluleka ngalezi zinto.
| Uhlobo lomphumela ongemuhle | Izimpawu ezingaba khona |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela Engemihle Emincane Kuya Kwephakathi | |
| Izici ezivamile | Ukuhlanza kanye nesicanucanu, ukubanda kanye nomkhuhlane, isifo sohudo, ubuhlungu besisu, izinhlungu zomzimba, ukukhathala. |
| Isikhumba nezinzipho | Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukushintsha kombala wezinzipho, ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba. |
| Eminye imiphumela | Ukushintsha kombala womchamo (obomvu), ukungafuni ukudla, ukuzwela ukukhanya, ukuyeka ukuya esikhathini, kanye nokwehla kwenani lesidoda emadodeni. |
| Okuhlobene negazi | Ukopha, ukwehla kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi (okwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka), kanye nokucindezelwa komnkantsha. |
Qaphela imiphumela emibi kakhulu
Umphumela oyinhloko nombi kakhulu wale mithi ingozi yokulimala kwenhliziyo. Uma le mithi isetshenziswa isikhathi eside, kunengozi yezimo ezifana nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, okungenza buthaka imisipha yenhliziyo. Futhi, amanye ama-anthracycline anengozi encane kakhulu yokuthola olunye uhlobo lomdlavuza, njenge-leukemia, ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu.
Ngenxa yalezi zingozi, udokotela wakho wezifo zomdlavuza kanye nodokotela wezifo zenhliziyo bazosebenzisana ukuqapha ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho kulo lonke ukwelashwa kwakho ukuze kuncishiswe noma yimuphi umonakalo ongaba khona. Ngakho-ke ungesabi lokhu.
Ingabe lezi zifaneleka kangcono ezinhlotsheni ezithile zomdlavuza webele?
Yebo. Akuzona zonke izinhlobo zomdlavuza webele ezifanayo. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho uzokhetha ukwelashwa okukulungele. Lokhu kuzoncika ezintweni eziningana:
- Isigaba somdlavuza
- Ukuthi umdlavuza uzwela yini kuma-hormone (isimo sama-hormone-receptor)
- Isimo somdlavuza se-HER2
- Ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekele yini kuma-lymph nodes
- Iminyaka yakho kanye nempilo yakho iyonke
Isibonelo, uma umuntu engaphezu kweminyaka engama-60, enomfutho wegazi ophakeme, futhi enomlando wesifo senhliziyo, udokotela cishe angancoma uhlelo lokwelashwa olungafaki ama-anthracycline.
Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi abantu abanezinhlobo zomdlavuza ezinamandla, njenge- triple-negative, kanye nalabo abanomdlavuza osakazekele kuma-lymph node bazuza kakhulu ekwelashweni okuqukethe i-anthracycline.
Kwenzekani uma umdlavuza umelana nemithi ye-anthracycline?
Ngezinye izikhathi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amangqamuzana omdlavuza angaba namandla okumelana nale mithi, okusho ukuthi imithi ayisebenzi. Ungakhathazeki uma lokhu kwenzeka. Uma lokho kwenzeka, kunemithi eminingi ehlukile kanye nokwelashwa udokotela wakho angayisebenzisa.
Ezinye izibonelo yilezi:
- I-Capecitabine (i-Xeloda)
- I-Eribulin (i-Halaven)
- I-Gemcitabine (i-Gemzar)
- I-Vinorelbine (i-Navelbine)
- Imithi yesimanje efana nemithi yokulwa nama-antibody conjugates
Kukhona futhi izindlela zokwelapha ezithuthukisiwe ezitholakalayo, njengokwelashwa ngemithi okuqondisiwe kanye nokwelashwa nge-immunotherapy. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuxhumana njalo nethimba lakho lezokwelapha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-anthracycline ayiklasi elinamandla kakhulu neliphumelelayo lemithi yamakhemikhali esetshenziselwa umdlavuza webele.
- Umsebenzi wazo oyinhloko ukuthinta i-DNA yamaseli omdlavuza, ukuwavimba ukuthi ahlukane futhi akhule.
- Njengayo yonke imithi, kunemiphumela emibi. Ikakhulukazi ngenxa yemiphumela engaba khona enhliziyweni, kubalulekile ukuthola ukwelashwa ngaphansi kokuqashwa okuseduze kwezokwelapha.
- Isinqumo sokuthi uzonikezwa yini ama-anthracycline sizokwenziwa ngemva kokucabangela izici eziningi, njengohlobo lomdlavuza wakho kanye nesimo sakho sempilo.
- Ungesabi ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho mayelana nokwelashwa kwakho, imiphumela emibi, noma yimiphi imibuzo, ukwesaba, noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho. Ukuqwashisa okufanele kuyisikhali esingcono kakhulu sokunqoba le mpi.
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho