Hawu! Ingabe umlenze wakho uvele waguqa phansi ngesikhathi wehla izitebhisi noma udlala ikhilikithi? Ingabe iqakala lakho selibuhlungu kakhulu manje? Ngemva kwesikhashana, indawo ivuvukele, iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi awukwazi nokuyibeka phansi? Cishe uyazibuza ukuthi lokhu kumane nje kuyisilonda, noma kukhona ithambo eliphukile ngaphakathi (ukuphuka). Eqinisweni, imbangela eyinhloko yobuhlungu beqakala ukuphuka kweqakala. Ngakho-ke ake sixoxe ngalokhu, ngqo, kalula.
Okokuqala, ake sibone, iyini le ngxenye yeqakala?
Kulungile, lokhu kulula kakhulu. Iqakala lakho lakhiwe ngamathambo amathathu ayinhloko ahlangana ndawonye. Kufana nemilenze emithathu yesihlalo, egcina leli lunga liqinile.
- I-Tibia: Leli yithambo elikhulu, elijiyile emlenzeni wakho ngaphansi kwedolo. Libizwa nangokuthi "ithambo lesifuba" uma sikhuluma ngalo.
- I-Fibula: Leli yithambo elincane, elincane ngaphandle, elihambisana nethambo elikhulu.
- I-Talus: Leli yithambo elincane kodwa elibaluleke kakhulu elixhumanisa umlenze nonyawo lwakho. Lifana nebhuloho eliphakathi kwamathambo amabili aphezulu nonyawo.
Lawa mathambo amathathu ayahlangana ukuze akhe iqakala lakho. Manje usuyaqonda, uma elinye noma ngaphezulu kulawa mathambo ephuka, sikubiza ngokuthi " ukuphuka kweqakala ." Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kuphuka kungaba kuncane kakhulu. Kodwa amanye amakhefu amakhulu adinga ukuhlinzwa. Kungathatha noma yikuphi kusukela emavikini ambalwa kuya onyakeni ukuze kuphole ngokuphelele.
Kunezindlela eziningana zokuphula ithambo leqakala!
Ngisho noma sithi "umlenze ophukile," kunezindlela eziningi ezingenzeka ngazo. Odokotela bahlukanisa lokhu ngokohlobo lwethambo eliphukile nendawo eliphukile kuyo. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko.
Khumbula, noma la magama engase abonakale eyinkimbinkimbi kancane, ukuwazi kuzokusiza uma ukhuluma nodokotela.
| Uhlobo Lokuphuka | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ukuphuka kwe-Lateral Malleolus | Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Ukuphuka kwenzeka endaweni engasemathanjeni ngaphandle kweqakala, okuwukuphela okungezansi kwe-fibula. |
| Ukuphuka Kwe-Medial Malleolus | Okuphukayo lapha ukugoba kwethambo ngaphakathi kweqakala. Okungukuthi, ingxenye engezansi ye-tibia. |
| Ukuphuka kwe-Bimalleolar | "Bi" isho okubili. Ngakho-ke lapha, amathambo angaphakathi nangaphandle okukhulunywe ngawo ngenhla aphukile. Lesi futhi yisimo esibi esivame kakhulu. |
| Ukuphuka Okulinganayo Kwe-Bimalleolar | Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ithambo elilodwa liphuka futhi imisipha ngakolunye uhlangothi yonakele. Umphumela ufana nalowo ongenhla. |
| Ukuphuka kwe-Trimalleolar | Igama elithi "Tri" lisho okuthathu. Lapha, ngaphezu kwalawo ma-ligaments amabili, ingemuva le-tibia nalo liphukile. Lokhu kuwukuphuka okubi kakhulu nokungazinzile. |
| Ukuphuka kwePilon | Lesi futhi yisimo esibucayi. Lapha, ingxenye engezansi yethambo lomlenze (i-Tibia) ethwala isisindo iyaphuka. Kufana nokuwa kophahla. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka engozini enkulu, njengokuwa endaweni ephakeme. |
| Ukuphuka kweMaisonneuve | Lokhu kukhethekile kancane. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi iqakala liyakhubeka, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ingxenye engenhla ye-fibula iphukile, eduze kwedolo. Nakuba ubuhlungu buseqakaleni, ukuphuka kuphakeme kakhulu phezulu. |
Ziyini izimpawu zokuphuka kweqakala?
Izimpawu zokukhubeka kweqakala zivame ukubonwa kalula, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi zingafana kakhulu nezokukhubeka okuvamile.
- Ubuhlungu obungazelelwe, obukhulu: Ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki buvela ngokushesha ngemva kwengozi.
- Ukungakwazi ukubeka unyawo lwakho phansi: Uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu uma uzama ukuma unesisindo ezinyaweni zakho.
- Ubuhlungu uma uthintwa: Ubuhlungu buyanda uma ucindezela kancane ithambo eliphukile ngesandla sakho.
- Ukuvuvukala: Ngemva nje kwengozi, indawo ezungeze iqakala iqala ukuvuvukala kakhulu.
- Ukuphuka: Ukopha okuvela ngaphakathi kwesikhumba kungabangela indawo ukuba ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma onsomi.
- Ukukhubazeka: Kwezinye izimo ezinzima, iqakala lingase likhubazeke futhi libonakale sengathi leluliwe.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi lezi zimpawu zodwa azikwazi ukusho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi iqakala lakho liphukile noma cha. Ngezinye izikhathi ungahamba uphukile kancane. Ngakho-ke, uma ulimele iqakala futhi uzwa ubuhlungu, kungcono ukubona udokotela.
Iqakala lingaphuka kanjani?
Cabanga nje, izinto eziningi esizenzayo ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke zingabangela lolu hlobo lwengozi.
- Ukuwa: Ukuwa usuka endaweni ephakeme, njengasezitebhisini noma esihlalweni, noma ukushelela nje uhamba kuyimbangela enkulu.
- Ukugingqa imilenze: Ukugingqa imilenze ngokuzumayo ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle ngenkathi uhamba noma ugijima emgwaqweni onemigodi.
- Izingozi zemidlalo: Lezi zingozi zivame kakhulu kwezemidlalo ezihilela ukushintsha kwesiqondiso ngokuzumayo nokugxuma, njengekhilikithi, ibhola likanobhutshuzwayo, kanye nebhola lomnqakiswano.
- Izingozi zezimoto: Ukushayisana ngqo emlenzeni ngesikhathi kushayisana imoto kungaphula amathambo.
- Umthelela oqondile: Lokhu kungenzeka ngisho nasentweni elula njengento esindayo ewela emlenzeni wakho.
Ukuthola kanjani lokhu, Dokotela?
Uma uya kudokotela, into yokuqala ayenzayo ukukubuza ukuthi ingozi yenzeke kanjani. Bese behlola umlenze wakho. Babheka ngokucophelela noma yiziphi izindawo ezibuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, noma izinguquko esimweni.
Ngemuva kwalokho, uma kukhona ukusola ukuthi kukhona ukuphuka, kuzokwenziwa izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kutholakale ukuthi kukhona yini isifo.
- I-X-ray: Lolu ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu nokubalulekile. I-X-ray ingabonisa ngokucacile ukuthi ithambo liphukile, ukuthi liphukile kuphi, nokuthi kukhona yini izingcezu zamathambo ezisusiwe.
- I-CT Scan: Kwezinye izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuphuka kwamalunga, udokotela wakho angase ancome i-CT scan ukuze ahlole ingaphakathi lelunga.
- I-MRI Scan: I-MRI scan ingadingeka uma kukhona izinsolo zomonakalo omkhulu kuma-ligaments noma izicubu ezithambile ngaphezu kokuphuka.
Iphathwa kanjani iqakala eliphukile?
Ukwelashwa kuncike ohlotsheni lokuphuka, ubukhali balo, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke. Akuwona wonke ama-fracture adinga ukuhlinzwa.
Amacala lapho ukuhlinzwa kungadingeki khona
Uma ithambo lakho liphukile kodwa izingcezu zingasuswanga (ukuphuka okungasuswanga) , ukuhlinzwa akudingi ukuhlinzwa. Kulesi simo, udokotela wakho uzovimba umlenze wakho futhi anikeze ithambo isikhathi sokululama ngokwalo. Lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa okulandelayo:
- Ukufakwa kwe-Cast: Ukufakwa kwe-cast kubekwa phezulu noma ngaphansi kwedolo ukuze umlenze unganyakazi.
- Isicathulo esikhethekile (Isicathulo Sokuhamba/I-Brace): Uma kukhona ukwaphuka okuncane, kungasetshenziswa isicathulo esikhethekile esisuswayo noma i-brace.
Amacala lapho kudingeka khona ukuhlinzwa
Uma izingcezu zamathambo zisukile endaweni yazo engozini (ukuphuka okususiwe) , kuzodingeka zibuyiselwe endaweni yazo yokuqala futhi zilungiswe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, iqakala ngeke liphole kahle, futhi izinkinga ezifana ne-arthritis zingase zivele esikhathini esizayo.
- Ukunciphisa Okuvaliwe: Lokhu yilapho izingcezu zamathambo zibuyiselwa endaweni yazo ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa, kusetshenziswa ingcindezi yesandla evela ngaphandle. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokufaka izinzwa. Bese kufakwa iplasta ukuze zihlale endaweni yazo.
- Ukuhlinzwa (Ukunciphisa Okuvulekile Nokuqiniswa Kwangaphakathi - ORIF): Uma izingcezu zamathambo ziqhelelene kakhulu, noma ilunga lingazinzile, kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa ukuze kuvulwe isikhumba, kuthuthwe izingcezu zamathambo ziye ezindaweni ezifanele, bese zilungiswa ngamapuleti amancane ensimbi nezikulufo. Lokhu kufakwa ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kuvinjwe amathambo ukuthi angahambi aze aqondane kahle futhi aphole.
Kufanele ngifune nini usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha?
Uma ulimele eqakaleni, futhi unezimpawu ezithile, kufanele ubonane nodokotela noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.
| Izimpawu zesixwayiso okufanele uziqaphele | |
|---|---|
| Ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki | Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu obungenakulawuleka ngisho nangemithi yobuhlungu. |
| Ukuba ndikindiki noma ukulahlekelwa umuzwa | Uma uzizwa ungenamizwa noma uzwa ubuhlungu ezinzwaneni noma ezinyaweni zakho, noma uma uzizwa ulahlekelwe umuzwa, lokhu kungabonisa ukulimala kwemizwa. |
| Izinyawo ezimpunga noma ezibandayo kakhulu | Uma umlenze othintekile uzizwa ubanda noma umhlophe kunomunye umlenze, lokhu kungase kusho ukuthi ukujikeleza kwegazi kuyaphazamiseka. |
| Ukuhlanekezela okucacile | Uma iqakala noma unyawo lwakho lubonakala lunwetshiwe noma lunesimo esingajwayelekile. |
| Inxeba elivulekile | Uma ithambo eliphukile liphukile esikhumbeni (ukuphuka okuvulekile), lokhu kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. |
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa noma ukufakwa kwe-cast...
Ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa, qaphela lezi zimpawu:
- Uma ukuvuvukala kukhuphuka.
- Uma kukhona ukuvuvukala, ukuvuvukala, noma ubuhlungu obandayo ngaphakathi kweplasta.
- Uma unomkhuhlane, uzizwa ubanda, noma ubomvu obuphuma enxebeni lokuhlinzwa (lezi yizimpawu zokutheleleka).
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yini efana nale, shayela udokotela okuphathe ngokushesha noma uye esibhedlela.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi iqakala eliphukile liphole?
Akukho sikhathi esiqondile salokhu. Kuyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu futhi kuye ngohlobo lokuhlukana kwabo.
- Ukuphuka okuncane okungadingi ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukuphola ngokuphelele emavikini angaba ngu-12-16 .
- Uma kwenzeka ukuphuka okuyinkimbinkimbi okudinga ukuhlinzwa , kungathatha isikhathi esingangonyaka noma emibili ukuba iqakala liphinde lisebenze ngendlela yalo evamile.
Phakathi nalesi sikhathi sokuphulukiswa, kuzodingeka ugqoke i-cast, usebenzise izinduku zokusibekela, futhi ugcine umlenze wakho ungangeni phansi. Lokhu kungathatha izinyanga. Lesi yisikhathi lapho udinga ukubekezela khona. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo enikezwe udokotela wakho kanye nodokotela we-physiotherapist ngqo.
Uma ushesha, ubeke unyawo lwakho phansi noma ugijima ngaphambi kokuba udokotela akutshele ukuthi wenze kanjalo, ithambo eliphulukisayo lingaphuka futhi noma liphole ngendlela engafanele. Uma lokho kwenzeka, kuzodingeka uqale ukwelashwa kabusha. Yingakho ukubekezela kubaluleke kangaka.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Uma ulimele eqakaleni futhi uzwa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala, ungakushayi indiva lokho njengokuthi "ukulimala nje." Ngokuqinisekile bonana nodokotela.
- I-X-ray kuphela enganquma ngokunembile ukuthi kukhona yini ukuphuka kwethambo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko kudokotela.
- Akuwona wonke ama-fracture eqakaleni adinga ukuhlinzwa, kodwa udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okufanele wena.
- Yiba nesineke ngesikhathi sokululama. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela kanye nodokotela wezifo zomzimba kahle. Ungaphinde uphuthume engozini.
- Uma uzwa izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezifana nomkhuhlane, ubuhlungu obukhulu, noma ukuba ndikindiki ngemva kokwelashwa, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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