Wake wazibuza ukuthi umoya ungena kanjani emaphashini akho uma uphefumula? Siphefumula ngaphandle komzamo. Kodwa ngemuva kwale nqubo, kunesimiso esimangalisayo emzimbeni wethu. Ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yalesi simiso, kodwa esingakhulumi kakhulu ngaso, yi-bronchi. Njengemigwaqo emotweni, lezi yizindlela eziyinhloko ezithwala umoya uye emaphashini akho. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalezi bronchi, ukuthi ziyini, zenzani, nokuthi zingagcinwa kanjani ziphilile.
Ngakho-ke ziyini lezi bronchi?
Kalula nje, i-bronchi iyisimiso samapayipi amakhulu athwala umoya emaphashini ethu . Uyakhumbula ukuthi sinepayipi lokuphefumula eliyinhloko entanyeni yethu, esilibiza ngokuthi i-trachea. Lifana nesiqu somuthi. Le trachea ingena esifubeni bese ihlukana ibe amagatsha amabili amakhulu. Elinye liya ephashini elingakwesokudla kanti elinye liya ephashini elingakwesokunxele. Lawo magatsha amabili amakhulu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-bronchi eyinhloko .
Bese kuthi la ma-bronchi ayinhloko, njengamagatsha esihlahla, ahlukane abe amapayipi amancane nangaphansi kwamaphaphu. Lonke lolu hlelo luyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yohlelo lwethu lokuphefumula. Ngaphandle kwalolu hlelo, umoya esiwuphefumulayo ubungeke ube nendlela yokufinyelela ama-air sac (alveoli) emaphashini.
Uyini umsebenzi wangempela we-bronchi?
Umsebenzi oyinhloko nobaluleke kakhulu we-bronchi ukuletha umoya emaphashini nokukhipha umoya emaphashini. Kodwa hhayi lokho kuphela, kunezinye izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ezenzekayo okwamanje.
1. Indlela Yomoya: Uma siphefumula, umoya ungena ngekhala noma ngomlomo, wehle nge-trachea, nge-bronchi, bese udlula ngamapayipi amancane (ama-bronchioles) bese ekugcineni ungene kuma-alveoli. Yilapho umoya-mpilo osemoyeni umuncwa khona egazini.
2. Ukuhlanza nokufumisa umoya: Ingaphakathi lamapayipi ethu e-bronchial limbozwe ungqimba lwe-mucus . Lokhu kunikeza umswakama odingekayo emoyeni esiwuphefumulayo. Futhi, amagciwane anjengezinhlayiya zothuli, amagciwane, namabhaktheriya afika nomoya anamathela kulolu ngqimba lwe-mucus.
3. UMvikeli: La magciwane nothuli olugcwele amafinyila luphuma kanjani? Kukhona indlela enhle yokwenza lokho futhi. Ngaphakathi kwamapayipi e-bronchial kunezigidi zezakhiwo ezincane ezifana nezinwele ezibizwa ngokuthi i-cilia . Njengemishanelo eshanela imigwaqo, la mafinyila aqhubekela phezulu njalo, esunduza uthuli olunamathele kumafinyila luye emphinjeni. Bese kuthi , lapho sikhwehlela noma sithimula, lezi zinto ezingafunekiyo zikhishwa emzimbeni. Cabanga nje ukube lolu hlelo belungekho, lonke uthuli namagciwane kuwo wonke umoya esiwuphefumulayo ngabe luya emaphashini futhi lubangele zonke izinhlobo zezifo!
Le ndlela efanayo isetshenziswa lapho sikhipha umoya. Igesi ye-carbon dioxide engadingeki egazini ingena ezikhwameni zomoya, ukusuka lapho ikhuphukela e-bronchi, bese ikhishwa umoya.
Yiziphi izifo ezivame ukuhlasela i-bronchi?
Uhlelo lwethu lokuphefumula lungathinteka yizifo ezahlukahlukene. Yilapho sibhekana nobunzima bokuphefumula nokukhwehlela. Ake sibheke kafushane ezinye zezifo eziyinhloko kuthebula elingezansi.
| Isimo | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Isifuba somoya | Ukuvuvukala kwesikhathi eside kwamapayipi e-bronchial kubangela ukuthi avuvuke futhi anciphe, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula. |
| I-Bronchitis | Ukuvuvukala kwamapayipi e-bronchial ngenxa yokutheleleka. Lokhu kungaba okwesikhashana (okwenzeka ngomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane) noma isikhathi eside (okuvamile kubantu ababhemayo). |
| I-Bronchiectasis | Isimo lapho amapayipi e-bronchial onakele khona, avuleke unomphela futhi akhe amasaka aqoqa ama-mucus. |
| I-COPD (Isifo Esingapheli Sokuvimbela Amaphaphu) | Iqembu lezifo eziphazamisa ukuhamba komoya emaphashini. I-bronchitis engapheli iyingxenye yaleli qembu. |
| I-Cystic Fibrosis | Isifo sofuzo esiba khona lapho umuntu ezalwa. Uketshezi lomzimba, ikakhulukazi ulwelwesi, luba lujiyile futhi lunamathele, okubangela ukuvaleka kwamapayipi e-bronchial. |
Uyibona kanjani inkinga nge-bronchi?
Uma kunenkinga nge-bronchi yakho, umzimba wakho uzokunikeza izimpawu ezahlukene ngayo. Uma eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalezi ziqhubeka, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela.
- Ukukhwehlela: Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, ngezinye izikhathi okune-mucus.
- Ukuphelelwa umoya (i-dyspnea): Ukuphelelwa umoya ngisho nangemisebenzi emincane, uzizwa sengathi isifuba sakho sinciphile.
- Ukuphefumula: Umsindo omncane wokukhala kwekhwela ovela esifubeni uma uphefumula ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle.
- Ukukhwehlela igazi: Ukukhwehlela igazi elincane elinomuncu.
- Ukuqina kwesifuba: Ukuzizwa sengathi ibhande liyaqiniswa esifubeni.
- Ukutheleleka okuvamile kokuphefumula: Uma uvame ukuthola umkhuhlane kanye nokutheleleka kwamaphaphu.
- Ukukhathala: Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.
Yiziphi izivivinyo ezihlola impilo ye-bronchi?
Uma unezimpawu ezingenhla, udokotela wakho angakuthumela izivivinyo ezahlukene ukuqinisekisa isimo sakho esiqondile.
| Ukuhlolwa | Wenzani ngalokhu? |
|---|---|
| I-Spirometry | Lolu wuhlolo olukhulu olulinganisa ukusebenza kwamaphaphu. Lulinganisa ukuthi ungakanani umoya ongawukhipha ngamandla. |
| I-Bronchoscopy | Ipayipi elincane kakhulu, eliguquguqukayo elinekhamera enamathiselwe lifakwa ngekhala noma ngomlomo bese libonakala ngqo ngaphakathi kwamapayipi e-bronchial. |
| Ukuskena kwe-CT | Indlela ekhethekile ye-X-ray ithatha izithombe zamaphaphu kanye ne-bronchi ezihlukaniswe ngezigaba bese idala isithombe esinemininingwane kukhompyutha. |
| I-Endobronchial Ultrasound (EBUS) | Lokhu kwenziwa kanye ne-bronchoscopy. Idivayisi ye-ultrasound ekugcineni kwepayipi isetshenziselwa ukuhlola izindonga ze-bronchial kanye nezicubu ezizungezile. |
Singayigcina kanjani imigudu yethu yokuphefumula iphilile?
Kunezinto ezilula, kodwa ezibaluleke kakhulu esingazenza ukuze sigcine i-bronchi yethu kanye nohlelo lonke lokuphefumula luphilile.
- Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele: Gwema ugwayi, i-beedis, noma i-vaping. Lena insizakalo enkulu kakhulu ongayenzela amaphaphu akho. Ukuphefumula intuthu yomuntu obhemayo nakho kuyingozi kakhulu.
- Zivikele othulini nasekungcolisweni komoya: Gqoka imaski uma usezindaweni ezinothuli noma amakhemikhali amaningi. Gcina ikhaya lakho lihlanzekile.
- Vivinya umzimba njalo: Ukuzivocavoca kuqinisa inhliziyo namaphaphu akho.
- Zivikele ezifweni: Geza izandla zakho njalo. Gwema izindawo ezinabantu abaningi ngesikhathi sobhubhane lwe-flu kanye nomkhuhlane. Thola imijovo edingekayo njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo: Ukudla ukudla okunempilo kuqinisa amasosha omzimba.
Khumbula, ukubhema kubhubhisa ngokuphelele uhlelo lokuzivikela olubucayi (cilia) lwe-bronchi yakho, okuvulela ithuba lezifo ezinkulu.
Isikhathi sokuthola iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha
Uma ukhwehlela okuvamile noma uphefumula kanzima, bona udokotela womndeni wakho. Kodwa-ke, uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo zesixwayiso esiphuthumayo , hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
| Isimo Esiphuthumayo! Uma unalezi zimpawu, iya ku-ETU ngokushesha! | |
|---|---|
| Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/okumpunga/ukuphaphatheka kwezindebe, isikhumba, noma izinzipho (i-Cyanosis) | Lokhu kuwuphawu oluqinile lokuthi igazi alitholi inani elidingekayo lomoya-mpilo. |
| Ukuhoxa kwesifuba | Isikhumba esifubeni sibonakala sicwila phakathi kwezimbambo lapho siphefumula. |
| Isilinganiso sokuphefumula esikhulayo | Ukuphefumula ngokushesha okukhulu, ngisho nalapho uphumule, ngaphandle kwesizathu esithile. |
| Ukuqhuma kwekhala | Ukuvuleka kwamakhala lapho uzama ukuphefumula. |
| Ukuphefumula | Umsindo ozwakalayo ophezulu uma uphefumula ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle. |
I-bronchi yethu iyisitho esibaluleke kakhulu esivikela izimpilo zethu buthule. Kungumthwalo wethu wemfanelo ukuyinakekela futhi singayivumeli yonakale.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Bronchi iyisistimu eyinhloko yamapayipi athwala umoya emaphashini ethu.
- Ngaphezu kokuhambisa umoya, lokhu kuhlanza futhi kufake umswakama emoyeni.
- Izifo ezifana ne-asthma kanye ne-bronchitis zivame ukuthinta i-bronchi.
- Ungazinaki izimpawu ezifana nokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, ukuphefumula kanzima, noma ukuphefumula kanzima esifubeni. Bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuze ugcine amaphaphu akho ephilile ukugwema ukubhema ngokuphelele.
- Uma uba nezimpawu eziphuthumayo njengobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula noma izindebe eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, hamba uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela ngokushesha.
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