Sonke sicabanga ukuthi uma sithi "amafutha", kusho into eyingozi futhi engadingeki emzimbeni, akunjalo? Lokho kuyiqiniso uma sikhuluma ngamafutha aqongelela esiswini nasemaqakaleni. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi kukhona nohlobo olubaluleke kakhulu 'oluhle' lwamafutha olusemizimbeni yethu, olusisizayo? Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi "amafutha ansundu" noma `(Amafutha ansundu)`. Ukuze sibe neqiniso, libizwa nangokuthi `(Izicubu ze-Adipose Ezinsundu)`. Lolu uhlobo olukhethekile lwamafutha olusebenza njengesifudumezi esincane emzimbeni wethu.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwamafutha ansundu namafutha amhlophe?
Ngakho-ke ukuze sikuqonde kahle lokhu, sidinga ukwazi kuqala ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zamafutha emizimbeni yethu.
1. Amafutha Amhlophe: Lolu uhlobo lwamafutha sonke esilwaziyo futhi esikhuluma ngawo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Uma sidla amakhalori amaningi, okungukuthi, ukudla okucebile ngamandla, kunalokho esikudingayo, lawo mandla angaphezulu agcinwa emizimbeni yethu njengamafutha amhlophe. Umzimba ugcina amandla ngale ndlela ukuze uwasebenzise kamuva lapho kungekho ukudla. Ngokuvamile, lawa agcinwa ezindaweni ezifana nesisu, izinqe, namathanga. Kodwa-ke, ukunqwabelana kwala mafutha amhlophe, ikakhulukazi endaweni yesisu, kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yezifo ezifana nesifo senhliziyo kanye nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 .
2. Amafutha ansundu: Lona yiqhawe lendaba yethu. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wamafutha ansundu akukhona ukugcina amandla, kodwa ukushisa amandla nokunikeza umzimba ukushisa okudingayo . Lawa amabili akhiwe ngezinto ezahlukene. Amafutha amhlophe akhiwa amaconsi amakhulu ama-fatty acid (lipids). Kodwa amaseli amafutha ansundu agcwele uhlobo olukhethekile lwe-organelle olubizwa ngokuthi i-mitochondria .
Cabanga nge-mitochondria njengezinjini ezincane ngaphakathi kwamaseli ethu. Lawa ngamaseli athatha ushukela namafutha esiwadlayo bese ewashisa ukuze adale amandla. Lawa ma-mitochondria acebile ngensimbi, yingakho amafutha ansundu ethola igama nombala wawo. Amafutha ansundu angagcina amandla amaningi endaweni encane kakhulu kunamafutha amhlophe.
Bheka ithebula elingezansi ukuze uqonde kangcono lo mehluko.
| Isici | Amafutha Amhlophe | Amafutha ansundu |
|---|---|---|
| Umsebenzi oyinhloko | Ukugcina amandla engeziwe. | Ukushisa amandla nokukhiqiza ukushisa. |
| Usayizi we-Mitochondria | Kuphansi kakhulu. | Kubiza kakhulu. |
| Umbala | Omhlophe noma ophuzi. | Insundu ngoba inothile ngensimbi. |
| Umthelela empilweni | Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kwandisa ingozi yokukhuluphala, isifo sikashukela kanye nesifo senhliziyo. | Kusiza ukugcina izinga lokushisa lomzimba futhi kwandise imetabolism. |
La mafutha ansundu asebenza kanjani?
Lena inqubo emangalisayo kakhulu. Cabanga ukuthi ubanda kakhulu. Bese umzimba wakho uqala ukuthuthumela, akunjalo? Lokho kuthuthumela kuwukusebenza kwemisipha kanye nokukhiqizwa kokushisa.
Kodwa bhekani izinsana ezincane. Izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa azikwazi ukuthuthumela ukuze zizigcine zifudumele njengoba nathi singenza. Ngakho-ke ubani ozivikela emakhazeni? Yilapho amafutha ansundu eqala khona. Lapho izingane zizalwa, ziba nenani elikhulu lamafutha ansundu atholakala ngemuva kwamahlombe azo nasezintanyeni zazo.
Uma umzimba wakho ubanda, ubuchopho bakho bukhipha i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-norepinephrine . Kufana nomyalezo othi, "Ubanda, fudumala!" Amaseli amafutha ansundu anezitho zokwamukela ezikhethekile ezingabona le hormone. Lapho ethola lo myalezo, i-mitochondria engaphakathi kwamaseli amafutha ansundu iyavutha, ishise amandla ngesivinini esikhulu futhi ikhiqize ukushisa.
Njengoba sikhula, njengoba ikhono lethu lokunyakaza likhula, silahlekelwa iningi lala mafutha ansundu. Kodwa awanyamalali ngokuphelele. Ngisho nakubantu abadala, kusala inani elincane lamafutha ansundu entanyeni, emahlombe, eduze kwezinso, kanye nasemhlane. Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi abantu ngokuvamile abancane futhi abanamafutha amancane emzimbeni banamafutha ansundu amaningi, nokuthi abesifazane banamafutha ansundu amaningi kunabesilisa .
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwamafutha ansundu nempilo yethu
Manje ososayensi benza ucwaningo oluningi ngezinye izinzuzo zala mafutha ansundu. Ikakhulukazi, banesithakazelo esikhulu sokuthi angasetshenziswa yini njengokwelapha ukukhuluphala. Ngoba uma amafutha ansundu engasebenzisa amafutha amhlophe njengophethiloli futhi awashise, kungaba usizo olukhulu ekunciphiseni isisindo.
Ucwaningo lwamuva nje luthole into ebaluleke kakhulu. Okusho ukuthi, amafutha ansundu angahlunga ama-amino acid athile egazini lethu. Ngokukhethekile, ama-amino acid i-leucine, i-isoleucine, ne-valine . Sithola lokhu ezintweni ezifana namaqanda, inyama, inhlanzi, kanye nobisi. Kutholakala nasezithasiselo abanye abantu abazithathayo ukuze bakhe imisipha. Ngobuningi obujwayelekile, lokhu kuhle emzimbeni. Kodwa ukuqongelela ngokweqile kwalokhu egazini kuye kwahlotshaniswa nokukhuluphala nesifo sikashukela.
Kalula nje, uma unamafutha ansundu amancane, kulapho ungakwazi khona ukuhlunga lawa ma-amino acid egazini lakho, okungandisa ingozi yakho yezifo ezifana nokukhuluphala ngokweqile nesifo sikashukela.
Ucwaningo luyaqhubeka ukuze kubonwe ukuthi ama-hormone ashukumisa amafutha ansundu akhiqizwa yini ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca. Ithemba liwukuthi konke lokhu kuzosebenzisa la mandla amangalisayo amafutha ansundu ukuthola ikhambi lokukhuluphala esikhathini esizayo.
Ingabe amafutha ansundu angasetshenziswa ukunciphisa isisindo?
Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abanawo. Ososayensi okwamanje bazama ukubona ukuthi umuthi ungavuselela yini amafutha ansundu ngaphandle kokuchayeka emakhazeni. Uma umuthi onjalo ungatholakala, kungaba ukuqala kwendlela entsha yokunciphisa isisindo.
Kodwa kukhona ingozi encane. Uma amafutha ansundu evuselelwa futhi eshisa amandla, angakhuphula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kanye nomfutho wegazi . Lokhu akukuhle kubantu abasengozini yesifo senhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, kudingeka ucwaningo olujulile ukuze kutholakale ukuthi lolu hlobo lomuthi luphephile kangakanani.
Ngakho khumbula, lokhu kusesesigabeni sokucwaninga. Uma ucabanga ngokunciphisa isisindo, indlela engcono kakhulu nephephile njengamanje ukudla ukudla okunempilo, ukuzivocavoca njalo, nokufuna iseluleko esifanele kudokotela noma kudokotela wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zamafutha emizimbeni yethu. Amafutha amhlophe agcina amandla, kanti amafutha ansundu ashisa amandla futhi akhiqize ukushisa.
- Amafutha ansundu abalulekile ekugcineni izinga lokushisa lomzimba, ikakhulukazi ezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa. Abantu abadala nabo banenani elincane emizimbeni yabo.
- Ukuvuselela amafutha ansundu kungashisa amafutha amhlophe. Kuphinde kusize ekuhlungeni ezinye izinto eziyingozi egazini, ezingaba usizo esikhathini esizayo ekulawuleni ukukhuluphala nesifo sikashukela.
- Nakuba ucwaningo mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kwemithi luqhubeka, lusesezigabeni zalo zokuqala. Ngezinkinga zempilo ezifana nokulawula isisindo, kubalulekile ukulandela izindlela eziqinisekisiwe kanye neseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
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