I-Cancer Cachexia: Sizoxoxa ngalokhu?

Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enomdlavuza, kungenzeka ukuthi uke waphawula ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umzimba wakhe uye waba mncane futhi waze wabukeka uhlukile. Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kumane kuyingxenye yomdlavuza noma umphumela ongemuhle wokwelashwa. Lokho kungaba yiqiniso ngezinga elithile. Kodwa-ke, lesi simo ngezinye izikhathi singaba yinto ejulile, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-cancer cachexia . Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe namuhla, ngoba kuthinta ikhwalithi yokuphila kweziguli zomdlavuza kanye nempendulo yazo ekwelashweni.

Kuyini i-Cancer Cachexia?

Kalula nje, i-cancer cachexia iwukuwohloka okukhulu kwesisindo okubangelwa umdlavuza. Yilapho ulahlekelwa khona inani elikhulu lemisipha yamathambo namafutha omzimba . Akukhona nje ukwehlisa isisindo, kodwa futhi nemisipha enikeza amandla. Lokhu kwehla kwesisindo kungashintsha ukubukeka kwakho, kukubangele ukungakhululeki ngokomzwelo, futhi kwenze kube nzima nokubhekana nokwelashwa komdlavuza. Kungathinta nekhwalithi yokuphila kwakho futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuphazamise ikhono lakho lokubhekana nomdlavuza.

Ochwepheshe bathi lesi simo sithinta cishe ama-50% eziguli ezinomdlavuza. Futhi, singabonakala kubantu abangaba ngu-75% abanomdlavuza osakazeke, okungukuthi, kumdlavuza weSigaba IV . Ngokudabukisayo, lesi simo sibangela ama -25% okufa komdlavuza.

Nakuba lesi simo singase senzeke kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lomdlavuza, sivame kakhulu kubantu abanalezi zinhlobo zomdlavuza:

• Umdlavuza we-Colorectal
• Umdlavuza wamaphaphu
• I-Melanoma, uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba
• Umdlavuza we-pancreatic

Nakuba odokotela bengenakuyelapha ngokuphelele i-cachexia yomdlavuza, ukwelashwa kuzama ukwandisa inani lokudla okudlayo, ikakhulukazi ukugxila ekudleni okunamaprotheni amaningi nama-calorie amaningi .

Ziyini izimpawu ze-cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer?

Uphawu oluyinhloko nolusobala kakhulu lwalesi simo ukulahlekelwa ngaphezu kuka-10% wesisindo somzimba wakho wonke ezinyangeni eziyi-6 kuya kweziyi-12 ezedlule . Lokhu kufaka phakathi kokubili imisipha namafutha. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kungase kube nezinye izimpawu eziningana:

• Ukukhathala okukhulu kanye nobuthakathaka: Ungase uzizwe sengathi awunawo amandla anele okwenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, ukunakekela umndeni wakho, noma ngisho nokwenza imisebenzi yakho yasekhaya. Kufana nokuthi awusaphili.
• Ukulahlekelwa yimisipha: Odokotela babiza lokhu ngokuthi ukulahlekelwa yimisipha noma ukuphelelwa yimisipha . Lokhu kuwukulahlekelwa yimisipha kanye nokulahlekelwa yimisipha.
• I-Anorexia: Yilapho ulahlekelwa yiso sonke isifiso sokudla, ungazizwa ulambile. Ngezinye izikhathi awufuni ngisho nokucabanga ngokudla. Kodwa lokhu kuhlukile enkingeni yokudla ebizwa ngokuthi i-anorexia nervosa esizwile ngayo.
• I-anemia: Ungase ube ne-anemia ngoba umzimba wakho, ngenxa yokuvuvukala, ukhipha iphrotheni ethinta ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu.
• Ukutheleleka okuvamile: I-cachexia yomdlavuza ingenza buthaka amasosha omzimba wakho, okwenza angakwazi ukulwa nezifo. Lokhu kungakwenza ube sengozini enkulu yokuthola izifo.

Kungani kwenzeka le cachexia yomdlavuza?

Kunezizathu eziningana zalokhu. Umdlavuza usheshisa imetabolism yakho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umzimba wakho udinga amandla engeziwe ekudleni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwelashwa komdlavuza nomdlavuza nakho kunganciphisa isifiso sakho sokudla. Umphumela uba ukuthi udla kancane lapho umzimba wakho udinga izakhamzimba ezengeziwe.

Nazi ezinye zezizathu ezithinta ngqo lesi simo:

• Izinhlobo ezithile zama-cytokine: Ama-Cytokine angamakhemikhali alawula ukuthi amasosha omzimba wethu asabela kanjani futhi nini kubahlaseli abafana namagciwane. Ku-cachexia yomdlavuza, amasosha omzimba wakho akhipha izinhlobo ezithile zama-cytokine. Lokhu kubangela ukuvuvukala, okwandisa izinga umzimba wakho ophula ngalo amafutha nemisipha. Umdlavuza nawo ubangela ukuvuvukala, futhi la ma-cytokine angenza lokho kuvuvukala kube kubi nakakhulu.
• Izimpawu zomdlavuza nemiphumela emibi: Ubuhlungu, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza okubangelwa umdlavuza kungakwenza udle kancane. Futhi, ukuba nomdlavuza kungakwenza uzizwe ucindezelekile futhi ulahlekelwe yisifiso sokudla.
• Imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa komdlavuza: Izinto ezifana nokuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa ngemisebe , i-chemotherapy , kanye neminye imithi yokubulala izinhlungu ye-opioid kungabangela ubunzima bokugwinya noma ukuphazamisa ikhono lomzimba lokumunca izakhamzimba.
• Ukumelana ne-insulin: Lokhu kusho ukuthi imisipha yakho kanye namaseli amafutha awasabeli kahle ku-insulin. Lokhu kumelana ne-insulin, okwenzeka ku-cachexia, kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwemisipha okukhulu.
• Ukwanda kokuguquka kwamaprotheni: Ukuguquka kwamaprotheni inqubo lapho amaprotheni amadala emaseli akho ethathelwa indawo ngamaprotheni amasha. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokuwohloka kwamaprotheni . Ku-cachexia yomdlavuza, amaprotheni emaseli aphuka ngokushesha kakhulu ukuze amaprotheni amasha angawathatha indawo. Lokhu futhi kubangela ukulahlekelwa yimisipha.

Yiziphi izinkinga ze-cachexia yomdlavuza?

Lesi simo singaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila. Ngokwesibonelo, cabanga nge-cachexia, okuyimbangela eyinhloko yokufa kubantu abangu-20% kuya ku-25% abanezimila eziqinile ezisakazeke kakhulu, njengomdlavuza wamaphaphu noma we-prostate, lapho umdlavuza usakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Ezinye izinkinga zingafaka:

• Umphumela ekwelashweni komdlavuza: Umzimba wakho udinga imisipha namafutha ukuze ululame ekwelashweni komdlavuza. Ukulahlekelwa yilokhu kungathinta ikhono lakho lokuthola ukwelashwa komdlavuza. Ungase ulahlekelwe ngisho namandla okubekezelela ukwelashwa.
• Izinkinga zempilo yengqondo: Ukutholwa une-cachexia yomdlavuza kungasho ukuthi unezinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela zokuphila. Lolu lwazi lungakwenza uzizwe ukhathazekile kakhulu futhi ucindezelekile.
• Umthelela emndenini nakubangani: Lesi simo singase sibeke ubunzima ebuhlotsheni bakho nomndeni nabangane. Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi ungazizwa udangele uma ubona izinguquko emzimbeni wakho, kodwa nabanakekeli bakho bangase bakhathazeke kakhulu ngempilo yakho. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi lapho amalungu omndeni ebona lezi zimpawu, angaphoqa isiguli ukuba sidle, ngisho noma sithandana, okungaholela ezingxabanweni ezingadingekile futhi kwandise isimo esivele sicindezela.

Cabanga nje, lapho ilungu lomndeni linciphile ngenxa yomdlavuza futhi lingakwazi ukudla, kuyinto evamile ukuphikelela uthi, “Ngicela udle kancane, ngicela udle nalokhu.” Kodwa lokho kungaba yinto ecindezela kakhulu isiguli.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani ukuthi unesifo somdlavuza i-cachexia?

Ithimba lakho lodokotela womdlavuza kanye/noma lokunakekelwa kwe-palliative lizokuhlola ngokomzimba. Bangase bakucele ukuthi ugcwalise uhlu lwemibuzo mayelana nemikhuba yakho yokudla, futhi bangase benze nokuhlolwa ukuze balinganise ukufaneleka kwakho kanye namandla emisipha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunganconywa i-CT scan noma i-DXA scan . Lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-DXA kulinganisa inani lezicubu ezithambile ezingalweni nasemilenzeni yakho. Kunganikeza udokotela womdlavuza umbono wemisipha yakho. Imiphumela yalezi zivivinyo izosiza udokotela ukuthi anqume isigaba sesifo.

Yiziphi izigaba ze-cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer?

Kunezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-cancer ca ...

• I-Pre-cachexia: Kulesi sigaba, wehlisa isisindo naphezu kokudla kahle. Kodwa-ke, awukanciphi ngaphezu kuka-5% wesisindo somzimba wakho wonke ezinyangeni eziyi-6-12 ezedlule. Uma ukhuluphele kakhulu, lokhu kwehla kwesisindo kungase kungabonakali, kodwa ukuhlolwa kubonisa ukuthi izinguquko ze-metabolic zenzekile futhi ulahlekelwa yimisipha kanye namafutha.
• I-Cachexia:Okwamanje, usulahlekelwe ngaphezu kuka-5% wesisindo somzimba wakho ezinyangeni ezingu-6-12 ezedlule, noma usulahlekelwe ngaphezu kuka-2% wesisindo somzimba wakho, kanti i-body mass index yakho (BMI) ingaphansi kuka-20kg/m². Ukuhlolwa kungabonisa izimpawu zokulahlekelwa yimisipha nokuvuvukala.
• I-Refractory cachexia: Kulesi sigaba, usulahlekelwe ngaphezu kuka-20% wesisindo sakho esijwayelekile kanti i-BMI yakho ingaphansi kuka-27 kg/m² (lokhu kungase kubonakale kuphezulu, kodwa kubi kakhulu uma kuhlanganiswa nokwehla okukhulu kwesisindo). Ukwehla kwesisindo sakho kungakwenza ubukeke ungaphilile kahle futhi kukwenze ungakwazi ukubhekana nokwelashwa komdlavuza. Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa komdlavuza kungase kuyeke ukusebenza.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-cachexia yomdlavuza?

Ukwelashwa kwakho kuzogxila kakhulu ezindleleni zokuthuthukisa ukudla okunomsoco . Isibonelo, ithimba lakho lomdlavuza kanye nethimba lokunakekelwa kweziguli ezidambisa ubuhlungu bangase batuse izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Yidla kahle: Gxila ekudleni ukudla okuncane kanye nokudla okulula okunama-calorie amaningi, amafutha, kanye namaprotheni . Ukudla ukudla okuncane kuzokusiza uthole ama-calories amaningi. Khuluma nochwepheshe wakho wezokudla mayelana nokuthi yikuphi ukudla okuzokusiza ukuthi uthole okuningi kukho konke ukudla okudlayo. Bangase basikisele ukufaka izinto ezifana noshizi, ibhotela, amantongomane, nobisi olungenamafutha ekudleni kwakho.
• Zama izithasiselo: Buza udokotela wakho wezifo zomdlavuza noma isazi sokudla ngezithasiselo zokudla ongaziphuza noma uzidle phakathi kokudla. Lezi zingakunikeza ukudla okunempilo okwengeziwe.
• Thola ukuzivocavoca: Ukuzivocavoca okulula kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukulahleka kwemisipha, kodwa lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela.
• Thembela eqenjini lakho lezokwelapha: Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kweziguli ezidambisa ubuhlungu lingakusiza ngezinto ezifana nempilo yengqondo kanye nokusekelwa ngokomoya. Lokho kusekelwa kubaluleke kakhulu okwamanje.

Ingabe ikhona imithi yokwelapha i-cachexia?

Hhayi ngalesi sikhathi. Nakuba ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi umuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-megestrol acetate ungandisa isifiso sokudla futhi ukusize uthole isisindo, i-U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ayikawuvumeli ekwelapheni i-cachexia yomdlavuza. Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze inkambo yesikhashana yama -corticosteroids .

Yini umuntu onesifo somdlavuza angayilindela?

Kuncike kakhulu esimweni sakho. Okusho ukuthi, yisiphi isigaba se-cachexia okuso, yisiphi isigaba somdlavuza okuso. Isibonelo, uma une-pre-cachexia, ukwenza izinguquko kulokho okudlayo kunganciphisa izinga lokulahlekelwa amafutha nemisipha. Kodwa, ngeshwa, noma ngabe wandisa inani olidlayo, awukwazi ukuyeka ngokuphelele ukulahlekelwa noma ukubuyisa imisipha namafutha alahlekile.

Uma unomdlavuza kanye ne-cachexia esethuthukile, noma i-cachexia engaphenduli ekwelashweni (i-refractory cachexia), udokotela wakho womdlavuza angase athi ususondele ekupheleni kwempilo yakho. Uma welashwa i-cachexia, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lingakunikeza ulwazi olungcono kakhulu mayelana nokuthi yini ongayilindela.

Iyini isikhathi sokuphila somuntu onomdlavuza we-cancer cachexia?

Isikhathi sokuphila siyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Nakuba i-cachexia yomdlavuza ivame ukuthinta abantu abanomdlavuza othuthukile, ungaba nezimpawu zangaphambi kwe-cachexia kunoma yisiphi isigaba somdlavuza wakho. Uma lokho kwenzeka, ungaphila nezinkinga ezifana nomdlavuza kanye ne-cachexia iminyaka. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukuba ne-cachexia yomdlavuza engaphili, okuwuhlobo lomdlavuza olungaphenduli ekwelashweni, kunciphisa amathuba akho okusinda kumdlavuza cishe ngo-30%.

I-cachexia yomdlavuza yenzeka ngoba lesi sifo sibangela ukuthi i-metabolism yakho isebenzise amandla avela ekudleni ngokushesha kunokujwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa komdlavuza nomdlavuza kungakuvimbela ekudleni kahle. Ngenxa yalokho, isisindo sakho kanye nemisipha yakho kungancipha kakhulu, kuthinte ukubukeka kwakho (kanye nokuzethemba kwakho), amazinga akho amandla, kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila kwakho.

Nakuba kungekho ukwelashwa okukhethekile kwe-cancer cachexia, kunezinto ongazenza ukusiza ukulawula izimpawu zayo. Uma ubhekene nalokhu, cela usizo eqenjini lakho lokunakekela umdlavuza. Bayaqonda izinselele zokuphila ne-cancer cachexia futhi bazokwenza konke okusemandleni abo ukukusiza ukuthi uzilawule.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

• I-cachexia yomdlavuza ayiyona ingxenye yomdlavuza ngokwawo, kodwa yisimo esihlukile esidinga ukuphathwa. Uma wena noma othandekayo wakho nincipha isisindo, niphelelwa yisifiso sokudla, noma nikhathele kakhulu, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
• Ukudla okunempilo kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukudla ukudla okuncane, okuvamile okunama-calories amaningi namaprotheni, kanye nokufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha mayelana nezithako zokudla kungasiza ekulawuleni lesi simo.
• Awuwedwa. Kukhona odokotela bezifo zomdlavuza, abahlengikazi, ochwepheshe bezokudla, kanye namaqembu okunakekelwa kweziguli ezidambisa ubuhlungu ukuze bakusize kulolu hambo. Thola ukwesekwa kwabo.
• Impilo yengqondo nayo ibaluleke kakhulu. Kanye nezinguquko zomzimba, ukucindezeleka nakho kungaba khona. Khuluma nethimba lakho lezokwelapha ngalokhu bese uthola ukwesekwa okudingekayo.

Ukulwa nomdlavuza akulula. Kunzima ukubhekana nezinye izinselele ezinjengalezi. Kodwa-ke, ngokuqwashisa nokusekelwa okufanele, lezi zinselele zinganqotshwa.

` I-Cancer cachexia, umdlavuza, ukuphelelwa amandla, ukuphelelwa amandla kwemisipha, ukudla okunomsoco, i-anorexia, ukwelashwa komdlavuza