Ingabe nawe ngokungazi uyisisulu salo mbulali othule? Ake sifunde ngobuthi be-carbon monoxide!

Sonke sesizwile ngesitha esingabonakali, akunjalo? Ngezinye izikhathi lesi sitha singaba khona kanye emakhaya ethu, kodwa asikwazi. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesinye isibulali esithule esiyingozi, kodwa esingenaphunga, esingenambala - ubuthi be-Carbon Monoxide. Lokhu kungaba yingozi empilweni, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukukuqaphela.

Iyini i-carbon monoxide? Kungani iyingozi?

Kalula nje, i-carbon monoxide iyigesi. Kodwa inesici esikhethekile. Le gesi ayinambala, ayinaphunga, futhi ayinambitheki . Lokho kusho ukuthi izinzwa zethu ezinhlanu azikwazi ukuyibona. Lena yinto eyingozi kakhulu.

I-carbon monoxide (CO) ikhiqizwa lapho uphethiloli ofana nophethiloli, uphalafini, izinkuni, namalahle kungashi kahle, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi sokusha okungaphelele. Uma le gesi ingena emizimbeni yethu ngamanani aphezulu, ingabangela ngisho nokufa ngemizuzu embalwa. Uma usola ukuthi ushevuwe yi-CO, kufanele ushayele izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha .

Ivelaphi le carbon monoxide (CO)?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, le 'CO' yakhiwa lapho kushiswa uphethiloli. Bheka ukuthi kungakanani lokhu okusizungezile:

• Kusukela ezinjinini zezimoto ezifana nezimoto namaloli. (Bheka intuthu evela ezimotweni ezindala!)
• Izinjini ezincane zikaphethiloli (isib. amajeneretha, imishini yokugunda utshani)
• Izifudumezi zesikhala ezishisa uphethiloli (hhayi izifudumezi zikagesi)
• Kusukela ezitofini zegesi noma kuma-oven
• Kusukela kuma-grill e-barbecue
• Izibani (ikakhulukazi izibani ze-kerosene)
• Izinhlelo zokushisa, izitofu zasekhaya (lezi azivamile ezweni lethu, kodwa zingatholakala kwezinye izindawo)
• Ezintweni ezishisa amalahle, i-parafini, igesi ye-propane, noma izinkuni. Isibonelo, abanye abantu bashisa amalahle ngaphakathi endlini ukuze bagcine omiyane kude noma ukuze bahlale befudumele emakhazeni. Lokhu kungakhipha i-CO2.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma la madivayisi engasetshenziswa endaweni enomoya omuhle, i-'CO` izoqongelela futhi ibe yingozi.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuba nobuthi be-carbon monoxide?

Lokhu kuyinto eyingozi ngempela. Uma ukugcwala kwegesi ethi `CO` kuphezulu kakhulu , ubuthi bungenzeka ngaphansi kwemizuzu emihlanu . Ngisho noma ukugcwala kuphansi kancane, ubuthi bungenzeka phakathi nehora noma amabili. Lokho kusho ukuthi kusithinta ngokushesha kunalokho esikucabangayo.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Nakuba izibalo zaseSri Lanka zinganembile, lokhu kuyinto evamile ngisho nasemazweni athuthukile. Isibonelo, e-United States, abantu abangaphezu kuka-400 bayafa minyaka yonke ngenxa yalezi zifo ezibangelwa ubuthi obungazelelwe 'CO'. Cishe abanye abangu-100,000 bangeniswa emagumbini ezimo eziphuthumayo. Ngakho-ke, lokhu akuyona into okufanele ithathwe kalula.

Ziyini izimpawu zobuthi be-carbon monoxide (CO)?

Ukwazi lezi zimpawu kungasiza ekusindiseni impilo. Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngezinga lobuthi be-CO.

Izimpawu zokuxwayisa zakuqala

Lokhu kubonakala njengezimpawu ezivamile, ngakho-ke singase singanaki.

• Ikhanda elincane (njengomkhuhlane)
• Ukuzizwa unesicanucanu (uzizwa sengathi uhlanza)
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuzizwa uphelelwa umoya kancane)

Izimpawu zokuchayeka okumaphakathi

Uma uphefumula i-CO eningi, ungase ube nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Isiyezi nobuthakathaka
• Ukuquleka / ukulahlekelwa ukwazi
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha (ukuzizwa sengathi ingalo yakho iyaphela amandla, sengathi awukwazi ukuhamba)
• Ukudideka kwengqondo (angikwazi ukuthola ukuthi kwenzekani)
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesisu, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, phuma ngokushesha! Ungahlali endlini ucele usizo. Uma ungakwazi ukuphuma ngaphandle ngokuphepha, okungenani vula ifasitela noma umnyango uhlale eduze kwawo ucele usizo.

Ingabe izimpawu zingavela sekwephuzile?

Yebo, ungakwazi. Uma uqhubeka nokuphefumula amazinga aphansi e-CO, ungase ungaziboni izimpawu ngokushesha. Kodwa igesi isalokhu inobuthi. Uma uqhubeka nokuyiphefumula isikhathi eside, kulapho umonakalo omkhulu ongayenza emzimbeni wakho. Ngakho-ke uma usola ngisho nokuncane ukuthi uke wavezwa yi-CO, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Kungani kwenzeka ubuthi be-carbon monoxide (CO)? Kwenzekani emzimbeni?

Kalula nje, kubangelwa ukuhogela igesi ethi `CO`. Uma le gesi ethi `CO` ingena emaphashini ethu, ivimbela umoya-mpilo ukuthi ungafiki egazini lethu.

Cabanga ngalokhu. Amaseli abomvu egazi egazini lethu yiwo athatha umoya-mpilo futhi awusakaze emzimbeni wonke. Umoya-mpilo ubalulekile ukuze izitho zethu zisebenze. Kodwa-ke, lawa maseli abomvu egazi athatha i-carbon monoxide ngokushesha nangokunamandla kakhulu kunomoya-mpilo. Lokho kusho ukuthi uma kukhona i-'CO' egazini, amaseli abomvu egazi azokhipha umoya-mpilo bese ethatha i-'CO'.

Ngakho-ke, uma siphefumula i-'CO' eningi kakhulu, igazi lethu ligcwala i-'CO' esikhundleni se-oxygen. Ngemuva kwalokho, izitho ezibalulekile njengobuchopho nenhliziyo azitholi inani elidingekayo le-oxygen. Akukhona lokho kuphela, i-'CO' ihlangana namanye amaprotheni emzimbeni wethu futhi ilimaze amangqamuzana nezitho. Uma siphefumula i-'CO' eningi kakhulu, singalahlekelwa ingqondo, siminze futhi sife ngemizuzu embalwa.

Uma sisebenzisa izinto ezishisa uphethiloli (isib. izitofu zegesi, amajeneretha) ngendlela efanele futhi sizinakekela, amazinga `e-CO` ngokuvamile awayona ingozi. Ubuthi `be-CO` buyenzeka lapho lezi zinto zisetshenziswa ezindaweni ezingenamoya omuhle . Isibonelo:

• Imoto noma iloli laqala ngaphakathi kwegaraji elivaliwe.
• Uhlelo lokukhipha ugesi emotweni luvinjiwe (isib., udaka noma uthuli).
• Ukusebenzisa i-heater kaphethiloli noma i-grill ye-gas barbecue endlini.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuba nobuthi be-carbon monoxide (CO)?

Wonke umuntu usengozini. Ikakhulukazi phakathi nezinyanga zasebusika (ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinezintaba zezwe lethu), ingozi iphakeme ngoba abantu basebenzisa izinhlelo zokushisa kaningi. Kodwa-ke, kunabantu abathinteka kalula ngisho nangamazinga aphansi e-CO:

• Ama-embryo (izingane) akhula esibelethweni
• Izinsana ezincane
• Abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala
• Abantu abahlala ezindaweni eziphakeme (njengendawo yethu yaseNuwara Eliya)
• Abantu abanesifo senhliziyo esingamahlalakhona, i-anemia, noma izinkinga zokuphefumula
• Abantu abasebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi (ababhema ugwayi)

Futhi, abantu abancane (isib., izingane ezincane) kanye nezilwane ezifuywayo zingaba sengozini enkulu yokuthola imiphumela yobuthi be-CO. Izilwane ezifuywayo ekhaya zivame ukuba yizo zokuqala ukukhombisa izimpawu.

Uma usebenza endaweni lapho kusetshenziswa khona izinjini zomlilo noma lapho usebenza khona ngamalangabi, usengozini enkulu yokuba ne-CO2. Isibonelo, amakamelo okubhoyila, izindawo zokugcina impahla, kanye nezindawo zokuhlanza uphethiloli zingaqukatha amazinga ayingozi e-CO2. Abantu abasebenza emisebenzini elandelayo basengozini enkulu:

• Abacishi bomlilo
• Ochwepheshe (Ukulungisa izimonyo)
• Abashayeli
• Abantu abashisela

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yalokhu kushevu?

Ubuthi be-CO busongela impilo. Ngisho nokuchayeka imizuzu embalwa kungaba yingozi. Kodwa-ke, uma kuqashelwa futhi kwelashwa ngokushesha, imiphumela ingabuyiselwa emuva. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ubuthi be-CO bungabangela izinkinga zempilo zesikhathi eside ezifana nalezi:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Isifo sikaParkinson
• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo
• Izimo zenhliziyo

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma owesifazane okhulelwe evezwa yi-CO, kungabangela ukuphuphuma kwesisu noma ukukhula okungavamile kombungu .

Udokotela ukuxilonga kanjani lokhu? (Ukuxilongwa)

Udokotela angaxilonga ubuthi be-CO ngokuhlolwa kwegazi. Bazothatha isampula encane yegazi lakho bese behlola izinga le-CO kulo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kanye nezinga lomoya-mpilo kungahlolwa ngedivayisi encane ebizwa ngokuthi i-finger oximeter.

Udokotela uzobuza nangomlando wakho wezokwelapha ophelele. Uzobuza nokuthi wavezwa kanjani yi-CO (njengokuthi isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi kuphi). Le mibuzo ingasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi wavezwa yi-CO engakanani.

Ubuthi be-carbon monoxide (CO) buphathwa kanjani?

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kobuthi be-CO ukuhogela umoya-mpilo omsulwa. Udokotela uzokufaka imaski yomoya-mpilo bese ekunika umoya-mpilo ngayo. Lokhu kuzoqala ukususa i-CO eqongeleleke emzimbeni wakho.

Uma usola ukuthi uke wachayeka ku-CO noma uke wadliswa ubuthi, shayela izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo (isib., 911) ngokushesha, phuma ulinde usizo. Uma ungakwazi ukuphuma ngaphandle ngokuphephile, vula umnyango noma ifasitela bese uhlala eduze kwawo. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi uphefumule umoya ohlanzekile esikhundleni sentuthu ye-CO.

Ngingayilapha ekhaya?

Lutho neze! Uma ucabanga ukuthi une-CO poison, ungazami ukuzelapha ekhaya. Shayela izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha. Udokotela angaqapha amazinga omoya-mpilo emzimbeni wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho izinkinga zesikhathi eside ezivela ekuchayweni yi-CO.

Uma une-CO endlini yakho, phuma ngokushesha uye emoyeni omusha. Ungaphindi ungene endlini uze utshelwe yizinsizakalo eziphuthumayo ukuthi wenze kanjalo. Kungase kube khona umusi we-CO ngaphakathi endlini. Uchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe angahlola izinto zakho zikagesi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zinomoya ofanele nokuthi zonke izinto zikagesi zisebenza ngokuphephile. Faka i-carbon monoxide detector. Izokwazisa uma kukhona ukuvuza kwe-CO.

Lokhu kushefa kuhlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Izimpawu zobuthi be-CO obuncane zivame ukuqala ukuncipha ngokushesha uma uthuthela endaweni enomoya omusha noma uphefumula umoya-mpilo ohlanzekile ngemaski yomoya-mpilo. Kungathatha amahora angama-24 ukuthi i-CO iphume ngokuphelele emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, izimpawu zingase ziqhubeke zikhona phakathi naleso sikhathi. Ngezinye izikhathi, ezinye izimpawu zingaqhubeka kuze kube amasonto amabili ngemva kokuchayeka ku-CO.

Singazivikela kanjani ekubuthi kwe-carbon monoxide (CO)? (Ukuvimbela)

Ukulandela lawa macebiso kuzosiza kakhulu ekuzivikeleni ekubuthweni yi-CO:

Ukuhlolwa kwaminyaka yonke

Njalo ngonyaka ekuqaleni kwesizini ebandayo (noma okungenani kanye ngonyaka uma usebenzisa izinto zikagesi njalo) cela uchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe ukuthi ahlole izinto zikagesi ezisebenzisa uphethiloli ekhaya lakho. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Izitofu zikawoyela negesi (zimbalwa ezweni lakithi)
• Izifudumezi zamanzi zegesi
• Izindawo zokupaka igesi kanye nama-oven
• Imishini yokomisa igesi (imishini yokomisa izingubo)
• Izifudumezi zesikhala segesi noma se-kerosene
• Izindawo zomlilo
• Izitofu zokhuni
• Amapayipi omoya kanye noshimula (hlola ukuvaleka kanye nokuqhekeka)

Qaphela ngokukhetha nokusebenzisa imishini.

Uma usebenzisa izinto ezisebenzisa uphethiloli, thatha lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha:

• Khetha izinto zikagesi ezenzelwe ukukhipha intuthu. Kufanele zifakwe futhi zinakekelwe kahle.
• Thenga izinto zikagesi ezinesivikelo senhlangano yokuhlola kazwelonke.
• Landela imiyalelo uma usebenzisa noma iyiphi into eshisa uphethiloli.
• Sebenzisa uphethiloli ofanele kuma-heater egesi noma e-parafini angangenisi umoya. Vula iminyango kwezinye izinhlangothi zendlu bese ushiya ifasitela livulekile kancane.
• Uma usola ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ngomshini wakho wegesi, cela uchwepheshe ukuthi akuhlole.
• Ungalokothi usebenzise i-oven yegesi noma umshini wokomisa izingubo ukuze ufudumale ikhaya lakho.
• Ungalali ekamelweni eline-heater kaphalafini noma i-heater yegesi engenawo umoya.

Faka isitholi se-carbon monoxide (i-CO detector)

Faka i-carbon monoxide detector (CO detector) esebenza ngebhethri (noma esekelwa yibhethri) ekhaya lakho. Udinga ukwenza lezi zinto:

• Hlola i-CO detector yakho cishe kabili ngonyaka (isb. uma ushintsha iwashi) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isebenza kahle. Shintsha i-CO detector njalo eminyakeni emihlanu.
• Shintsha amabhethri e-detector njalo (okungenani njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha).
• I-detector kufanele ifakwe endaweni lapho ungazwa khona isexwayiso uma sizwakala.

Nakekela ukungenisa umoya endaweni yokusebenza.

Uma usebenza endaweni lapho kungase kube namazinga aphezulu e-CO2, gqoka imishini yokuzivikela (isb., umshini wokuphefumula). Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi indawo yakho yokusebenza inomoya omuhle. Uma kunomoya omuhle, qiniseka ukuthi azikho izithiyo noma imfucuza evimba ukuhamba komoya phambi kwezindawo zokungenisa umoya.

Uma usola ukuthi uke wavezwa yi-CO noma uzwa izimpawu zobuthi be-CO, phuma ngokushesha endaweni, uye emoyeni omusha, bese ushayela izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo.

Ezinye izindlela zokunciphisa ingozi

Ukuze unciphise ingozi yokuba ne-CO2, gwema lezi zinto:

• Ukushiya imoto noma iloli ligijima egaraji. Ungakwenzi lokhu noma ngabe umnyango wegaraji uvuliwe. Intuthu ingagcwala ngokushesha futhi uma igaraji lixhunywe endlini, lingangena nasendlini.
• Ukusebenzisa i-grill yamalahle noma i-gas grill ngaphakathi endlini.
• Ukusebenzisa imishini emincane esebenza ngophethiloli ezindaweni ezivalekile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi imishini yokugunda utshani, imishini yokuwasha ugesi, imishini yokusika ukhula, imishini yokufutha iqhwa, imishini yokusika izinsimbi, noma imishini yokukhiqiza ugesi. (Ezweni lakithi, abantu abaningi abacabangi ngalokhu lapho besebenzisa imishini yokukhiqiza ugesi. Uma ugesi ucima, i-generator ingase ibekwe ngaphakathi endlini, noma endaweni engenamoya omuhle. Lokhu kuyingozi!)

Ingabe ubuthi be-carbon monoxide (CO) bungabulala?

Yebo, ungakwazi. Ukushiswa yi-CO kungaba yingozi. Uma uphefumula i-CO eningi, ingangena emzimbeni wakho ikubulale ngemizuzu embalwa. Uma usola ukuthi uke wachayeka ku-CO noma ushevulwa, hamba uye emoyeni omusha ngokushesha bese ushayela izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo.

Ngezinye izikhathi umuntu olele angafa ngaphambi kokuba abhekane nanoma yiziphi izimpawu. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nomshini wokubona i-'CO' ofakwe ekhaya lakho ongakuxwayisa ngale gesi enobuthi ngenkathi ulele.

Kwenzekani ngemva kwalesi simo? (I-Outlook)

Ukululama kwakho kuncike ekutheni utholakale une-CO engakanani nokuthi isikhathi esingakanani. Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungaguqula imiphumela yobuthi be-CO. Kodwa-ke, kunengozi yokulimala unomphela ebuchosheni nasenhliziyweni yakho, okudinga umoya-mpilo omningi.

Ngingazivikela kanjani? (Ukuzinakekela / i-alamu yokubona i-CO)

Faka i-carbon monoxide detector (CO detector) ekhaya lakho. Le detector ifana ne-smoke detector, futhi eminye iza ne-smoke detector. Uma kukhona i-CO ekhaya lakho, isaziso sizokhala. Uma uzwa isaziso:

• Ungahambi uyofuna ukuthi igesi ivelaphi.
• Phuma ngokushesha.
• Shayela izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo (isib. 1990).
• Hlola ukuthi wonke umuntu usekhaya yini.
• Ungaphindi ungene endlini uze utshelwe yizisebenzi zezinsizakalo eziphuthumayo ukuthi wenze kanjalo.

Kufanele ngifune nini iseluleko sezokwelapha? (Kunini lapho kufanele ngiye ku-ER)

Uma usola ukuthi uke wachayeka ku-CO noma uke wanobuthi, shayela izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha. Hlala endaweni ephephile, ngaphandle (enomoya omusha) ngenkathi ucela usizo.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela?

Uma welashwa ubuthi be-CO, buza udokotela wakho le mibuzo:

• Ingabe lo monakalo uhlala unomphela, noma imiphumela izophela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?
• Ingabe ngidinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe kokulandelela?
• Ngingazivikela kanjani ekufakweni kwe-CO?
• Ingabe ngidinga ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside?
• Ingabe kunomthelela ohlelweni lwami lokuzala noma ekuzaleni?

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-carbon monoxide (CO) ne-carbon dioxide (CO2)?

Nakuba zombili lezi ziyigesi eziqukethe ikhabhoni, kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwazo zombili.

• I-carbon monoxide (CO) iyinhlanganisela eyenziwe nge-athomu eyodwa yekhabhoni kanye ne-athomu eyodwa ye-oxygen. I-CO ayitholakali ngokwemvelo emkhathini woMhlaba. Ikhiqizwa lapho izinto ezithile zisha. Ukusha kudinga umoya-mpilo, njengoba kunjalo nangophethiloli njengowoyela kanye negesi yemvelo. Lapho amazinga omoya-mpilo ephansi endaweni lapho into isha khona, i-carbon monoxide ikhiqizwa njengomkhiqizo ophumayo wempendulo yamakhemikhali. I-CO iyigesi enobuthi. Ukuphefumula amazinga aphezulu kungaba yingozi.

• I-carbon dioxide `(CO2)` iyinhlanganisela eyenziwe nge-athomu eyodwa yekhabhoni kanye nama-athomu amabili e-oxygen. `I-CO2` yenzeka ngokwemvelo endaweni esikuyo. Uma siphefumula umoya-mpilo, i-carbon dioxide ikhishwa emizimbeni yethu. `I-CO2` ayibhekwa njengegesi enobuthi, kodwa ingabangela izinkinga zempilo uma ikhona ezindaweni eziphakeme. (isib. ukuminyana)

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke ubuthi be-carbon monoxide buyinto engathi sína. Kodwa, uma siqaphela futhi sithatha izinyathelo zokuphepha, singahlala siphephile kulo mbulali othule.

Khumbula:

* `CO` ayinambala, iphunga, noma ukunambitheka. Ngakho-ke, kunzima ukuyibona.

* Uma usebenzisa izinto zasekhaya ezishisa uphethiloli (izitofu zegesi, amajeneretha, izibani zikaphalafini) , kumele kube nomoya omuhle.

* Uma kungenzeka, faka i-`CO` detector ekhaya lakho. Kungasindisa impilo.

* Qaphela izimpawu zomuthi we-CO (ikhanda elibuhlungu, isicanucanu, isiyezi, nobunzima bokuphefumula).

* Uma usola ukuthi une-CO eningi, phuma ngaphandle ngokushesha bese ushayela izinsizakalo zezokwelapha eziphuthumayo.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luzokusiza wena nomndeni wakho ukuthi nizivikele kulobu buthi obuyingozi be-'CO'. Hlala uphilile!

I- carbon monoxide, ubuthi be-CO, ukuminyana, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ubuthi begesi, ukuphepha, isitholi se-CO