O, siyazi ukuthi kunjani—abancane abanesifiso sokwazi bavame ukufaka konke abakutholayo emlonyeni wabo! Ngezinye izikhathi, bangase badle imithi yasekhaya noma izinto zokuhlanza ngephutha ngaphandle kokuthi wena uqaphele. Noma mhlawumbe, ungase udle ukudla okonakele ngokungazi, okuholela ekuhluphekeni kwesisu okungazelelwe. Lezi zimo yilokho esikuchaza ngokuthi Ubuthi . Kungaba yisimo esibucayi kakhulu, yingakho kubalulekile ukuba nolwazi oluhle mayelana nendlela yokusisingatha, lapha eNirogi Lanka.
Kuyini ngempela ubuthi?
Kalula nje, ubuthi buyenzeka lapho into eyingozi noma enobuthi ingena emzimbeni wakho futhi ikwenze ungaphilile. Lezi zinto ezinobuthi zingafika ngezindlela eziningi. Isibonelo, ezinye izinsimbi ezisindayo , amagesi ahlukahlukene, ngisho nezitshalo ezithile ezitholakala engadini yakho zingaba yingozi empilweni yakho.
Izigameko eziningi zokuthi umuntu adle ushevu zenzeka ngokuzumayo nangokungalindelekile . Isibonelo, ingane encane ingase igwinye imithi ngemva kokuyiphambanisa noswidi olunemibala, noma othile angase athole isisombululo sokuhlanza emehlweni akhe ngengozi. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ukudakwa ngengozi .
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izimo, umuntu angase adle noma asebenzise into enobuthi ngenhloso yokuzilimaza .
Okubalulekile: Uma wena noma othile omaziyo ebhekene nemicabango yokuzilimaza, sicela uxhumane ngokushesha nomuntu omethembayo, uchwepheshe wezempilo, noma izinsizakalo zokusekela impilo yengqondo ezizinikele. Lezi zinsizakalo zikunikeza ukwesekwa okuyimfihlo nokuzwelana nawe.
Yiziphi izimpawu ezingase zivele ngesikhathi sokufaka ubuthi?
Izimpawu zobuthi ziyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi into engene kanjani emzimbeni wakho. Cabanga ngalokhu okulandelayo:
- Uma ikhemikhali ingena esweni lakho: Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu beso, ukubomvu, noma ukuvuvukala.
- Uma kugwinywa into enobuthi: Ungase ubhekane nezinkinga zesisu ezifana nesifo sohudo, isicanucanu, noma ukuhlanza.
- Uma into enobuthi ithinta isikhumba sakho: Ungase ube nokuvuvukala, ukucasuka, noma ubuhlungu.
Lezi zimpawu zincike ezintweni eziningana:
- Uhlobo kanye nenani lobuthi: Izimpawu zakho zizoncika entweni ethile kanye nenani elingene ohlelweni lwakho.
- Ubudala bakho kanye nempilo yakho iyonke: Inani elifanayo lesidakamizwa lingathinta ingane ngendlela ehlukile kuneyomuntu omdala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abanezimo zezokwelapha ezikhona kakade bangabhekana nezinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu.
- Ubude besikhathi sokuchayeka: Ezinye izifo zobuthi zibukhali , zibonakala ngemizuzwana noma imizuzu, kanti ezinye zihlala isikhathi eside , lapho ubuthi buqongelela khona emzimbeni isikhathi eside.
Izimpawu Zobuthi Obubukhali
Uma kunobuthi obukhulu, izimpawu ezahlukahlukene zingavela ngokuzumayo. Lezi zingathinta umzimba wakho wonke noma zitholakale ezindaweni ezithile. Nakuba ezinye izimpawu zivela ngokushesha , ezinye zingathatha amahora noma ngisho nezinsuku ukuze zivele.
Uma usola ukuthi udliswe ubuthi, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha noma ushayele izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo (911) . Izimpawu ezivamile zifaka:
- Izinguquko ekushiseni komzimba (umkhuhlane noma ukubanda)
- Isilinganiso senhliziyo esingajwayelekile (ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okuhamba kancane)
- Ubuhlungu besifuba
- Ukudideka noma isimo sengqondo esishintshile
- Ukukhwehlela (ngezinye izikhathi kunegazi)
- Uhudo, isicanucanu, kanye/noma ukuhlanza
- Isiyezi, ubuthakathaka, noma ukuquleka
- Ubuhlungu bamehlo, ukubomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma ukudabuka ngokweqile
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu
- Ukucasuka okukhulu kwamehlo, impumulo, umphimbo, noma indlela yokuphefumula
- Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukubomvu, ubuhlungu, umuzwa wokushisa, noma amathumba
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu noma ukuqaqamba kwesisu
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
- Umbono ofiphele noma ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokuphelele
Izimpawu Zobuthi Obungapheli
Imiphumela yokuchayeka njalo ebuthi ingase ingabonakali iminyaka eminingi . Isibonelo:
- Ukuhogela umusi onobuthi okungapheli kungaholela ekulimaleni kwamaphaphu , okuholela ekuphefumulweni okungapheli noma umsindo wokuphefumula ongapheli.
- Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside kugesi i-Radon kuyimbangela eyaziwayo yomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Yimiphi imiphumela engaba khona ngenxa yobuthi?
Umphumela wobuthi ungasukela ekungakhululeki okuncane kuya ezimweni eziphuthumayo ezisongela ukuphila, okuhlanganisa nokufa . Amacala amakhulu angabangela:
- Ukulaliswa esibhedlela
- Ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside
- Ukukhubazeka okungapheli noma ukulimala okungokomzimba okuhlala njalo
Ubukhulu bokuthi ubuthi bukuthinta kanjani buxhomeke ezintweni eziningana:
- Uhlobo lobuthi: Ezinye izinto zibangela izimpawu ezincane kuphela ezingaphathwa ekhaya, kanti ezinye zingabangela ukugula okukhulu kwesistimu.
- Indlela yokuchayeka: Ubuthi bungangena emzimbeni ngesikhumba, umlomo, ikhala, noma amehlo. Ngokuvamile, ukugwinya isihlanzi sasekhaya kulimaza kakhulu kunokuthinta isikhumba.
- Inani lokuchayeka: Ngokuvamile, lapho ubuthi bukhula, kulapho umonakalo uba mubi kakhulu khona.
- Isikhathi sokuchayeka: Nakuba okunye ukuchayeka kuyingozi, ukuchayeka okungapheli kuvame kakhulu ezindaweni zomsebenzi ezifana nezimayini, amafektri, noma izindawo zezolimo.
- Isivinini sokungenelela kwezokwelapha: Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kunganciphisa noma kuvimbele imiphumela emibi yobuthi.
- Ubudala kanye nempilo eyisisekelo: Izingane zisengozini enkulu; umthamo ongengozi kumuntu omdala ungabulala ingane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, labo abanezimo zezokwelapha ezikhona kakade bangabhekana nengozi enkulu yezinkinga kanye nesikhathi eside sokululama.
Yini ebangela ubuthi?
Ubuthi buyenzeka uma ubhekene nento ethile ngobuningi obanele ukubangela ukulimala noma ukugula. Ngokwencazelo, ubuthi yinoma iyiphi into engakulimaza noma ekugulise, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isesimweni soketshezi, esiqinile, noma esifana negesi. Ubuthi bungenzeka uma:
- Uphefumula umusi onobuthi.
- Udla ukudla noma isiphuzo esinobuthi.
- Into enobuthi ingena emehlweni akho.
- Ubuthi bumuncwa esikhumbeni sakho.
- Isilwane noma isinambuzane sikufaka ubuthi ngokuluma noma ngokulunywa.
Ezinye izinto ziyingozi ngisho noma zingaba zincane kakhulu , kanti ezinye zibangela umonakalo kuphela uma zisetshenziswa kakhulu .
Izinhlobo Ezivamile Zobuthi
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zobuthi emhlabeni wethu. Ezinye zaziwa kakhulu, njenge -carbon monoxide kanye ne-lead . Ezinye azibonakali kahle, kungenzeka zicashe ekudleni, eziphuzweni, noma ezintweni zasekhaya ozisebenzisa nsuku zonke. Nazi ezinye izibonelo:
- Izitshalo Ezinobuthi: Izitshalo ezithile ziqukethe ubuthi obungabangela umonakalo lapho zithintana nesikhumba noma zigwinywa. Isibonelo, isitshalo se -Oleander , esivame esifundeni sethu, sinobuthi obukhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinhlobo zezilimo eziyizigaxa nezithelo zingaba nobuthi uma zidliwa ngaphandle kolwazi olufanele.
- I-Animal Venom: Ubuthi obuvela ezilwaneni bungangena emzimbeni wakho ngamanxeba. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi ukulunywa yizinyoka (njengezinyoka ezibomvu noma ama-viper), ukuhlatshwa yizinyoka, ukuhlatshwa yizinyosi noma yizinyo, kanye nokulunywa yizicabucabu ezithile. Lokhu kungabangela ukusabela okusukela ekungakhululeki okuncane kuya ezimweni eziphuthumayo ezisongela ukuphila.
- Izinsimbi Ezisindayo: Ukunqwabelana kwezinsimbi ezisindayo emzimbeni wakho kungaholela ebuthi. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi ubuthi be-mercury , ubuthi be-arsenic , kanye nobuthi be-lead . Lokhu kungangena ohlelweni lwakho ngamapayipi amanzi amadala, upende oluthile, noma imithi yendabuko engahlanzwanga kahle (sicela uqaphele ngalokhu!).
- I-Carbon Monoxide (CO): Ukuphefumula le gesi kungaholela ebuchosheni be-carbon monoxide . I-CO iyingozi kakhulu ngoba ayibonakali futhi ayinaphunga . Ingatholakala kuphela nge-alamu ye-CO. Ukuvezwa kwayo kungaholela ekufeni ngemizuzu embalwa, njengasezinjini zokukhiqiza noma emsipheni wemoto ezindaweni ezivalekile.
- Ukudla Okungcolile: Ubuthi obukhiqizwa amagciwane , isikhunta , noma isikhunta bungaholela ekungcoleni kokudla . Lokhu kwenzeka uma udla ukudla okungasha, okungagezwanga kahle noma okungaphekwanga, noma okungagcinwanga ezingeni lokushisa elifanele. Amagciwane avamile afaka phakathi i-E. coli , i-Salmonella , ne -Listeria . Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ciguatoxin etholakala ezinhlotsheni ezithile zezinhlanzi ingabangela ukugula okukhulu.
- Amakhowe: Nakuba amanye amakhowe asendle ebanga ukucasuka okuncane esiswini okuzixazulula ngokwako, amanye angabangela ukulimala okukhulu kwesibindi nezinso . Qaphela kakhulu lapho ufuna amakhowe, njengoba kulula kakhulu ukudida izinhlobo ezidliwayo nezinobuthi.
- Imithi: Noma yimuphi umuthi—kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unqunywe udokotela noma uthengiwe ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela—ungaba yingozi uma usetshenziswa ngendlela engafanele. Izibonelo ezivamile zifaka phakathi imithi yobuhlungu yezidakamizwa , i-Paracetamol (isib. i-Panadol®), kanye nemithi yokunciphisa igazi . Yazisa udokotela wakho njalo ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo ukuze akwazi ukuhlola ukuphepha kanye nokusebenzisana okungenzeka kwemithi.
- I-Nicotine: Ubuthi be-nicotine bungenzeka kunoma ubani, kodwa buvame ukuthinta izingane ezincane ezidla ugwayi noma uketshezi olusetshenziswa kuma -e-cigarettes .
- Utshwala: Ubuthi botshwala buyenzeka uma uphuza i-ethyl alcohol ngokushesha kunokuba umzimba wakho ungabucubungula futhi ubuqede. Bungabangelwa futhi ukudla izinhlobo zotshwala ezingahloselwe ukusetshenziswa ngabantu, njenge -isopropyl (rubbing) alcohol noma i-methanol (ngezinye izikhathi etholakala eziphuzweni ezingavumelekile, ezingalawulwa).
- Imikhiqizo Yokuhlanza: Izihlanzi eziningi zasekhaya ziqukethe amakhemikhali angaba yingozi uma zigwinywa, ziphathwa kabi, noma zixutshwe ndawonye . Ikakhulukazi, ungalokothi uhlanganise imikhiqizo efana ne-bleach nezinye izihlanzi!
- Izibulala-zinambuzane:Amakhemikhali amaningi atholakala ezibulala-zinambuzane anobuthi uma egwinywa. Qaphela kakhulu lapho usebenzisa le mikhiqizo engadini yakho noma ngezinjongo zezolimo.
Odokotela bakuthola kanjani ukuthi kukhona ubuthi?
Ochwepheshe eSikhungweni Sokulawula Ubuthi noma abanye abahlinzeki bezempilo bangabona ubuthi ngocingo noma ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesibhedlela mathupha. ESri Lanka, ungaxhumana neNational Poisons Information Centre ku -hotline yabo yezimo eziphuthumayo: 0112686143 .
Usizo Lokuqala Lokubangela Ubuthi
Ukunikeza usizo lokuqala ngemizuzwana noma imizuzu yokuchayeka kungavimbela ukulimala okukhulu. Kodwa-ke, zama usizo lokuqala kuphela uma umuntu:
- Vuka
- Isexwayiso
- Ukuphefumula ngokujwayelekile
- Uyakwazi ukugwinya
Uma noma yimiphi yalezi zimo ingahlangatshezwanga, shayela izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo (911) ngokushesha noma uhambise umuntu esibhedlela esiseduze!
Usizo lokuqala luncike ekutheni ubuthi buvele kanjani. Ngokuvamile:
- Uma ubuthi buthinta isikhumba: Geza indawo ngokushesha ngamanzi agobhozayo okungenani imizuzu eyi-15-20. Insipho ingasetshenziswa.
- Uma ubuthi bungena emehlweni: Vula iso ngokushesha bese ugeza ngamanzi ahlanzekile agobhozayo okungenani imizuzu eyi-15-20.
- Uma ubuthi bugwinywa: Ungabangeli ukuhlanza ngaphandle kokuthi uyalelwe uchwepheshe wezokwelapha! Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Nini ukufuna usizo
Yeqa usizo lokuqala bese ushayela izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo (911) noma uye esibhedlela ngokushesha uma umuntu:
- Ukuwa noma ukulahlekelwa ukuqonda
- Unesifo sokuwa
- Ubhekana nobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula
Ngemva kokuqala usizo lokuqala, shayela izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo uma:
- Kukhona ukucasuka okukhulu kwamehlo, ubuhlungu, ukubomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma izinkinga zokubona ngemva kwemizuzu eyi-15-20 yokuhlanza.
- Kunezimpawu zesikhumba ezinzima (ama-blisters, ukusha, ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, noma ukubomvu) ngemva kwemizuzu eyi-15 yokugeza.
Kuzo zonke ezinye izimo, ngemva kokunikeza usizo lokuqala, xhumana neNational Poisons Information Centre (0112686143), noma ngabe azikho izimpawu ezibonakalayo.
Uchwepheshe wobuthi uzokhuluma nawe ngocingo. Bazocela imininingwane ebalulekile ukuze bakunikeze iseluleko esingcono kakhulu. Sicela ulungele ukunikeza ulwazi olulandelayo:
- Ubudala kanye nesisindo somuntu
- Izimo zezokwelapha ezaziwayo kanye nokungezwani komzimba
- Igama lobuthi noma ilebula lomkhiqizo
- Inani elilinganiselwe lokuchayeka
- Indlela yokuchayeka (isb., ukugwinya, ukuphefumula)
- Isikhathi sidlulile selokhu kwavela lokhu kuvezwa
- Izinyathelo zosizo lokuqala sezithathiwe kakade
- Izimpawu ezibonwe (njengokuhlanza)
- Indawo yamanje kanye nokusondela esibhedlela esiseduze
Uchwepheshe wezokwelapha uzokunikeza isiqondiso esiqondile ngezinyathelo ezidingekayo, okuhlanganisa nokuthi udinga yini ukufuna ukunakekelwa esibhedlela ngokushesha.
Ukwelashwa Kobuthi
Isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi noma udokotela wakho uzonquma ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, usizo lokuqala lwanele, kodwa ezinye izimo zingadinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela ukuze kuhlolwe futhi kutholakale ukwelashwa.
Ukwelashwa kuyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngohlobo lobuthi kanye nendlela obuthinta ngayo umzimba wakho. Ngaphandle kosizo lokuqala lokuqala, ukwelashwa kungafaka:
- Ama-antidote: Imithi elwa noma eguqula imiphumela yobuthi obuthile. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi akuwona wonke ubuthi obune-antidote.
- Ukuhlanza Amalahle Nokuhlanzwa Kwesisu (Ukumpompa Isisu): Lezi zindlela zisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukumuncwa kobuthi egazini. Lezi zinqubo kumele zenziwe ochwepheshe bezokwelapha kuphela. Ungazami lezi zinto ekhaya.
- Ukunakekelwa Okusekelayo: Izindlela zokwelapha ezifana nokufaka umoya ngomshini noma uketshezi olufakwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV) zisetshenziselwa ukugcina imisebenzi ebalulekile yomzimba wakho ngenkathi ubuthi bususwa ohlelweni lwakho.
- Ukuhlanza Okubangelwa Yingozi (Okungavamile Kakhulu): Ungalokothi uhlanze ngaphandle kokuthi uqondiswe ngokucacile yisikhungo sokulawula ubuthi noma uchwepheshe wezokwelapha oqeqeshiwe.
- Ukwelashwa Nge-Chelation: Lokhu kwelashwa kuhilela imithi yokususa izinsimbi ezisindayo emzimbeni futhi kumele kwenziwe uchwepheshe wezempilo oqeqeshiwe.
Yini okufanele ngiyilindele uma kwenzeka ubuthi?
Umthelela wobuthi uyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu, kuye ngezici ezifana nohlobo lobuthi, iminyaka yakho, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke. Ukuchayeka okuncane, njengezimo ezithile zobuthi bokudla noma ukucasuka kwesikhumba okuncane, kungaphathwa ekhaya. Kodwa-ke, izimo ezimbi kakhulu zidinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo esibhedlela, njengoba ezinye izinhlobo zobuthi zingaba yingozi empilweni.
Uma usola ukuthi kunobuthi, ungesabi. Hlala uzolile futhi ufune iseluleko sochwepheshe bezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Ingabe ubuthi bungavinjelwa?
Yebo, izehlakalo eziningi zokudakwa kobuthi zingavinjelwa noma ingozi incishiswe kakhulu. Nansi indlela ongayivikela ngayo umndeni wakho:
- Faka i- Carbon Monoxide detector , ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa ama-generator. Qiniseka ukuthi uyayihlola futhi uyayishintsha amabhethri minyaka yonke.
- Gcina yonke imithi kude nezingane. Gcina imithi kadokotela ekhabetheni eliphephile nelikhiyiwe. Xoxa nodokotela wakho ngesilinganiso esifanele sayo yonke imithi (kadokotela kanye nemithi ethengwa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela).
- Gcina izihlanzi zasendlini, izihlanzi zokuhlanza, namakhemikhali ezitsheni zazo zokuqala futhi zigcinwe ezindaweni ezingafinyeleleki ezinganeni. Ungalokothi uhlanganise izinto zokuhlanza ezahlukene noma amakhemikhali.
- Ungathinti noma udle izitshalo noma isikhunta esingaziwa ngenkathi ungaphandle. Uma usohambweni, zijwayeze nezingozi zasendaweni, okuhlanganisa izitshalo nezilwane ezinobuthi.
- Zijwayeze ukuphepha kokudla: Qinisekisa ukuthi inyama nezinhlanzi zasolwandle kuphekiwe kahle, geza yonke imikhiqizo ngamanzi ahlanzekile agobhozayo, futhi ungalokothi udle ukudla osekuphelelwe yisikhathi.
Nakuba singase singazinaki izingozi ezivamile zasekhaya, unamandla okuzivikela wena nomndeni wakho. Kusukela ekuhloleni kabili ikhabethe lakho lemithi kuya ekuzijwayezeni ukuphepha kokudla ngokucophelela, khumbula ukuthi izinyathelo ezilula nezisebenzayo zingasindisa izimpilo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
KwaNirogi Lanka, sifuna ukuthi ulungele. Khumbula la maphuzu abalulekile:
- Ukuphepha Kuqala: Vikela yonke imithi, izinto zokuhlanza, kanye namakhemikhali asekhaya kude nezingane.
- Gwema Okungaziwa: Ungadli noma uphathe amakhowe asendle noma izitshalo ongazazi.
- Ukuhlanzeka Kokudla: Phatha futhi ugcine ukudla ngendlela efanele; lahla noma yikuphi ukudla okubonakala konakele noma okungaphephile.
- Qaphela Izimpawu: Uma usola ukuthi kunobuthi, hlala uzolile futhi uthathe isinyathelo ngokushesha.
- Funa Usizo Ngokushesha: Uma isimo sibi kakhulu, shayela u-911 (noma inombolo yakho yezimo eziphuthumayo yendawo) noma uqhubekele emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo oseduze. Ukuze uthole isiqondiso sezokwelapha, xhumana neSikhungo Sokulawula Ubuthi sendawo.
- Ungabangeli ukuhlanza ngaphandle kwesiqondiso esicacile sezokwelapha!
Khumbula, esimweni esiphuthumayo sobuthi, ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha kungasindisa impilo. Ukuhlala unolwazi kuyindlela yakho engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa)
💬 Ingabe kufanele ngihlanze uma ngisola ukuthi nginobuthi?
Cha! Leli yiphutha eliyingozi elenziwa abantu abaningi. Uma umuntu edle izinto ezibolayo njenge-asidi, i-bleach, noma i-parafini, ukumphoqelela ukuba ahlanze kungabangela ukuthi uketshezi lushise umphimbo kanye nendlela yokuphefumula lapho lubuyela phezulu, okungase kuholele ekuminyaneni okubulalayo. Ungalokothi ubangele ukuhlanza ngaphandle kokuthi uqondiswe ngokucacile ngudokotela.
💬 Yini okufanele ngiyenze ngokushesha uma ingane idle ushevu noma imithi eyeqile?
Njalo ngesekhondi kubalwa! Shayela u-911 noma izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo zasendaweni yakho ngokushesha. Okubaluleke kakhulu, letha isitsha salo muthi noma iphakethe lomuthi nawe esibhedlela; lokhu kusiza odokotela ukuthi babone ubuthi obuthile ukuze banikeze umuthi ofanele. Unganiki ingane amakhambi asekhaya njengojusi welayisi noma ubisi, njengoba lokhu kungenza isimo sibe sibi kakhulu.
💬 Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezisetshenziswa odokotela esibhedlela ukuze baphathe ubuthi?
Odokotela bangase bahlanze isisu (bahlanze isisu) besebenzisa ipayipi lezokwelapha. Ngaphandle kwalokho, bangase banikeze 'i-activated charcoal'—uketshezi olumnyama olusebenza njengesiponji ukuze lumunce ubuthi esiswini. Uma ubuthi bukhulu, amakhambi athile azofakwa ngqo egazini ngaphansi kokuqashwa okuseduze yithimba lethu lezokwelapha laseNirogi Lanka.
Amagama angukhiye: ubuthi, usizo lokuqala, izimpawu, ubuthi, ukuphepha, isimo esiphuthumayo
