Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uphathwa yikhanda ngaphandle kwesizathu? Noma uke waba nokuwa ngokuzumayo? Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho uthe ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kobuchopho ukuthi unegazi elincane ebuchosheni bakho? Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile uma uzwa into efana nale. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu akukubi kangako. Namuhla sikhuluma ngaleli 'gazi eliqhekekile' noma ngokwezokwelapha elibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Cavernous Malformation'. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Kuyini i-Cavernous Malformation?
Kalula nje, i-'Cavernous Malformation' iyisigaxa esingavamile esakhiwe yimithambo yegazi emincane emzimbeni wethu, ebizwa ngokuthi ama-capillary, ehlangana ndawonye. Sibukeka njenge-raspberry ekuqaleni. Ngaphakathi kwalesi sigaxa kunezimbobo eziningi ezincane ezigcwele igazi.
Cabanga ngakho, imithambo yethu yegazi evamile yakhiwe izindonga eziqinile. Kodwa izindonga zemithambo yegazi kule 'Cavernous Malformation' zincane kakhulu futhi zibuthakathaka . Futhi azinawo ukwesekwa okufanele. Yilapho inkinga iqala khona. Ngenxa yalezi zindonga ezibuthakathaka, ngezinye izikhathi kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi igazi elithile lizophuma kule mithambo liye ezicutshini ezizungezile.
Lesi simo sivame ukubonakala ebuchosheni bethu nasemgogodleni . Yingakho sibizwa nangokuthi 'i-Cerebral Cavernous Malformation'. Kodwa-ke, singakhula ngezikhathi ezithile ezindaweni ezifana nesikhumba, isibindi namehlo.
Odokotela babiza lesi simo ngamagama ahlukene. Ngakho-ke ungakhathazeki uma ubona elinye lala magama embikweni wakho, wonke asho into efanayo.
- Ama-Cavernoma
- Ama-Cavernous Hemangiomas
- Ukukhubazeka Kwe-Cerebral Cavernous
- I-Cavernous Angiomas
Ingabe lawa ma-Cavernous Malformations ayingozi ngempela?
Umbuzo omkhulu abantu abaningi ababa nawo uma bezwa leli gama uthi, "Ingabe lo mdlavuza? Ingabe lokhu kuyingozi?" Okokuqala, akuwona umdlavuza .
Kodwa ukuthi lesi simo siyingozi noma cha kuyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Kuya ngezinto eziningana:
- Usayizi weqhubu: Ukuthi likhulu kangakanani.
- Inani lamaqhubu: Zingaki iziqhubu ezinjengalezi emzimbeni wakho.
- Indawo: Ikuphi ebuchosheni?
- Ingozi yokopha: Kukhona ithuba lokuthi kuzoqhuma futhi kubangele ukopha okukhulu.
Ngenxa yokuthi izindonga zale mithambo yegazi zincane, kunengozi yokopha. Ukopha ngaphakathi kobuchopho kungabangela izimo ezifana nokuquleka, ukukhubazeka, noma isifo sohlangothi. Uma ukopha kukhulu, kungaba yingozi empilweni.
Kodwa-ke, into ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uyikhumbule lapha ukuthi iningi lama-Cavernous Malformations alibangeli izinkinga ezinkulu . Abantu abaningi baphila bengazi nokuthi banazo.
Ngakho-ke, ukuze wazi kahle ukuthi isimo sakho sinjani, kungcono ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho. Uzobuyekeza umbiko wakho we-scan futhi achaze izingozi ezihlobene nesimo sakho.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?
Iningi labantu abanalesi simo abanazo izimpawu. Kodwa uma benazo, ngokuvamile kuba uphawu lokuthi igazi elincane liyavuza emithanjeni yegazi. Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuqala ukuvela phakathi kweminyaka engama-20 nengama-60.
Ithebula elingezansi libala ezinye zezimpawu ezivame kakhulu.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuquleka | Lesi yisibonakaliso esivame ukubonakala. |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu | Ikhanda elibuhlungu elivame noma elingajwayelekile. |
| Ubuthakathaka bomzimba noma ukungakhululeki | Ukuzwa sengathi ubuthakathaka noma ubuthakathaka ohlangothini olulodwa lwengalo, umlenze, noma ubuso. |
| Izinkinga zokubona | Umbono ofiphele, ukubona okukabili, noma ukulahlekelwa umbono. |
| Izinkinga zebhalansi | Ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi nokuwa ngenkathi uhamba noma umile. |
| Izinguquko endabeni | Inkulumo engacacile noma ubunzima bokuthola amagama. |
| Ezinye izici | Isiyezi, ukukhathala, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ukukhubazeka kokuzwa, ukuthuthumela. |
Iyini imbangela yalesi simo?
Esikhathini esiningi, okungukuthi, cishe ezimweni ezingama-80%, odokotela abazi imbangela eqondile yalezi 'Cavernous Malformations'. Ziyenzeka 'ngezikhathi ezithile'.
Kodwa cishe ezimweni ezingama-20%, inesixhumanisi sezakhi zofuzo . Lokhu kusho ukuthi lesi simo singadluliselwa esizukulwaneni kuya kwesinye. Kutholakale izakhi zofuzo ezintathu ezibangela lokhu:
- `CCM1 (KRIT1)`
- `CCM2`
- `CCM3 (PDCD10)`
Kalula nje, la ma-gene yiwo enza amaprotheni asiza ukuxhumanisa amaseli emithanjeni yethu yegazi futhi ayigcine iqinile. Uma kukhona iphutha noma ukuhlukahluka kwala ma-gene, ukuxhumana phakathi kwalawo maseli kuba buthakathaka. Yilapho-ke la ma-clot emithambo yegazi angavamile, abuthakathaka akhiwa khona.
Lesi simo sizuzwe njengefa ngendlela ethi ``Autosomal Dominant``. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane ingaba nalesi simo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izuza esinye sezakhi zofuzo ezinephutha kumama noma kuyise. Uma unalesi simo sezakhi zofuzo, kunethuba elingu-50% lokuthi ingane yakho izosizuza njengefa. Uma othile emndenini wakho enalesi simo noma uma othile enazo ezingaphezu kweyodwa zalezi zakhi zofuzo, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kungenxa yembangela yezakhi zofuzo.
Udokotela uhlonza kanjani lokhu?
Ngokuvamile, lesi simo sitholakala ngengozi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kobuchopho ngesinye isizathu, njengekhanda elibuhlungu noma ingozi, noma ngemva kokuvela kwezimpawu ezifana nokuquleka.
Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko okusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga lokhu ukuskena kwe-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) .
- I-MRI ejwayelekile: Lokhu kungabona ngokucacile izinto ezifana nendawo kanye nosayizi weqhubu.
- I-MRI Ekhethekile (Ukuthwebula Okunesisindo Esibangelwa Ukuthinteka): Lokhu ukuskena okubucayi nakakhulu. Kungabona amahlule amancane kakhulu, kanye neminonjana yokopha okuncane kakhulu kwangaphambilini. Lolu lwazi lungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthola umbono wengozi yakho yesikhathi esizayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa kofuzo kungenziwa ukuze kubhekwe umlando womndeni, futhi uma kudingeka, kutholakale ukuthi kuyisimo sofuzo yini.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo?
Akuwona wonke umuntu otholakale ene-cavernous malformation ozodinga ukuhlinzwa. Ukwelashwa kuncike ezimpawini zakho, indawo yeqhubu, nokuthi liphuma igazi yini.
1. Ukuqapha
Uma ungenazo izimpawu futhi ungophi igazi eqhubu, udokotela wakho uvame ukulandela indlela "yokulinda ngokuqapha".
- Ukuskena kwe-MRI ngezikhathi ezijwayelekile: Ukuskena kwenziwa cishe kanye ngonyaka ukuhlola izinguquko ngobukhulu besimila kanye nokopha okusha.
- Ukwazi izimpawu: Uzokwaziswa ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu okufanele ukhathazeke ngazo nokuthi kufanele wazise udokotela nini ngokushesha.
2. Ukulawulwa kwezimpawu ngemithi
Uma unezimpawu ezifana nokuquleka noma ikhanda elibuhlungu ngenxa yesimila, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imithi yokulawula lezo zimpawu. Le mithi ngeke iqede isimila, kodwa ingasiza ekulawuleni ukungakhululeki okubangelwa yiso.
3. Ukususwa Ngokuhlinzwa
Ukuhlinzwa kunconywa kuphela ezimweni ezithile ezikhethekile.
- Uma uke wopha igazi izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa futhi unezimpawu .
- Uma ukuphuma kwegazi kubangele ukukhubazeka kwezinzwa (isib., ukulahlekelwa umuzwa ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba, izinguquko embonweni) futhi isimo siba sibi kakhulu usuku nosuku.
- Uma unesifo sokuwa esingenakulawuleka ngemithi.
- Uma isimila sitholakala endaweni lapho singasuswa khona ngokuphephile ngaphandle kokubangela umonakalo omkhulu ebuchosheni.
Isinqumo sokuhlinzwa noma cha senziwa udokotela wezinzwa ngemuva kwengxoxo ende nawe mayelana nezinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kokuhlinzwa.
Yini engingayenza ukuze nginciphise ingozi yokopha?
Nakuba kungekho ndlela yokuvimbela la maqhubu ukuthi akheke, kunezinto ezimbalwa ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yokopha noma ukuqhuma kwawo. Lokho kusho ukunakekela impilo yakho iyonke.
- Gcina umfutho wegazi onempilo, i-cholesterol, kanye namazinga kashukela egazini .
- Uma okwamanje uthatha noma yimiphi imithi, njengemithi yokunciphisa igazi , khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi ingasithinta yini lesi simo.
- Zivocavoce okungenani imizuzu engama-30 cishe izinsuku eziningi zesonto.
- Gwema ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo kagwayi (ukubhema) .
- Hlangana nodokotela ngesikhathi esibekiwe ukuze uhlolwe bese ubuza ukuthi unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka.
Kufanele ngiye nini e-ETU maduze?
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma wazi ukuthi une-'Cavernous Malformation', futhi izimpawu ezilandelayo zivele ngokuzumayo, ungachithi isikhathi bese uya ngokushesha e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela esiseduze .
- Uma unesifo sokuwa okokuqala empilweni yakho.
- Uma uhlangothi olulodwa lomzimba (ingalo, umlenze, ubuso) luzizwa sengathi lulahlekelwa amandla alo ngokuzumayo.
- Uma umbono wakho ushintsha ngokuzumayo (isib., ubona into eyodwa bese kuba izinto ezimbili, khona-ke ulahlekelwa umbono wakho).
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu elingazelelwe, elingabekezeleleki, nelinzima.
- Uma indaba iba yinkimbinkimbi ngokuzumayo.
Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokuphuma kwegazi ebuchosheni, okungaholela ekushayweni yisifo sohlangothi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukufuna ukwelashwa ngokushesha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-"Cavernous Malformation" iwukwakheka kwemithambo yegazi okungavamile, okungenawo umdlavuza ebuchosheni noma emgogodleni. Esikhathini esiningi, akuyona inkinga eyingozi.
- Izimpawu zingase zihlanganise ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukuxhuzula, kanye nokuba ndikindiki emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase bangabi nazo nhlobo izimpawu kukho konke ukuphila kwabo.
- Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqinisekisa lesi simo ngokuqinisekile iwukusebenzisa i-MRI scan.
- Ukwelashwa kuncike ezimpawini zakho, ukuthi uphuma igazi noma cha, nokuthi iqhubu likuphi. Akuwona wonke umuntu odinga ukuhlinzwa.
- Uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nokulahlekelwa yingqondo ngokuzumayo kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba, ukuquleka kokuqala, noma ikhanda elibuhlungu, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) ngokushesha.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imibuzo, ukukhathazeka, noma ukungabaza onakho ngesimo sakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola iseluleko esinembile kudokotela kunokuzithusa ngokusesha ulwazi kwi-inthanethi.
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