Ungathanda ukwazi inani lamaseli akho e-CD4? Ake sixoxe!

Wake wezwa `ngenani lamaseli e-CD4' noma `ngenani lamaseli e-T'? Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho uke wakhuluma ngakho, noma kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa la mazwi ndawana thize. Nakuba kungase kubonakale kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane, ake sizame ukukuqonda kalula. Ngoba lokhu ukuhlolwa okusitshela ulwazi oluningi olubalulekile mayelana nempilo yesimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela.

Iyini inani lamaseli e-CD4?

Kalula nje, inani lamaseli e-CD4 ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulinganisa inani lohlobo oluthile lwamaseli amhlophe egazini lakho elincane. Odokotela balusebenzisa ukuze babone ukuthi i-HIV ithinte kanjani isimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela kanye nokuthi ukwelashwa okufana nokwelashwa ngama-antiretroviral (ART) kusebenza kanjani. Ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziselwa ukuqapha ezinye izifo.

Ubuwazi ukuthi i-HIV igciwane elihlala impilo yonke elibhubhisa ngqo amaseli ethu e-CD4 (aziwa nangokuthi amaseli e-T awusizo noma amaseli e-CD4+ T). Ngakho-ke uma la maseli e-T ephansi, ikhono lemizimba yethu lokulwa namagciwane nalo liphansi.

Iyini iphesenti le-CD4?

Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa futhi "iphesenti le-CD4" ukuze athole umbono wempilo yesimiso sakho somzimba. Lokhu kubalwa ngokuhlukanisa inani "lamaseli e-CD4+ T" ngenani eliphelele "lama-lymphocyte" (olunye uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi) bese uphinda umphumela ngo-100.

Kwezinye izimo, ukubheka nje `(inani lamaseli e-CD4)` kungase kungabi yinto ethembekile kakhulu. Isibonelo, uma unesifo esithinta inani lakho eliphelele `(ama-lymphocyte)`, noma kubantu abafana nezingane ezincane, abesifazane abakhulelwe, noma abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65, `(iphesenti le-CD4)` lingaba usizo kakhulu.

Yini esingayifunda ekubalweni kwe-CD4?

Ukubalwa kwe-CD4 kunikeza odokotela ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nesimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela. Uma lokhu kubalwa kungaphezu kokuvamile, kungabonisa ukutheleleka, ezinye izifo, noma ukuqhubeka kokutheleleka nge-HIV.

Kodwa kukhona into eyodwa okufanele uyikhumbule. Inani le-CD4 yakho lingahluka kancane usuku nosuku. Lokhu kungabangelwa izinto ezifana nokuthi wanikela ngegazi nini, ukuthi wawunesifo ngaleso sikhathi, njll. Iminyaka yakho, ezinye izimo zempilo, kanye nemithi oyiphuzayo nakho kungathinta leli nani. Yingakho odokotela bebheka inani lakho lonke nokuthi lishintsha kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

I-CD4 count isetshenziselwa ini?

Manje ake sibone ukuthi lokhu kuhlolwa kusetshenziselwani ikakhulukazi.

Uma une-HIV:

Uma unegciwane lesandulela ngculazi, odokotela basebenzisa izibalo ze-CD4 ukuze:

• Thola isigaba sokutheleleka nge-HIV (okungukuthi, ukuthi lesi sifo sesiqhubeke kangakanani).
• Qaphela ukuthi ukwelashwa okubizwa ngokuthi "Ukwelashwa Nge-Antiretroviral - ART" kusebenza kahle kangakanani .
• Hlola ingozi yakho yokuthola "Izifo Ezingena Ngethuba" (izifo ezingathi sína ezikhula kalula lapho amasosha omzimba ebuthakathaka).

Kwezinye izimo:

Ukuhlolwa kwe-T-cell ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziselwa izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Ngemva kokufakelwa isitho, qapha imithi yokulwa nokwenqatshwa.
• Qaphela ukwelashwa kwezifo ezithile zokuzivikela komzimba.
• Thola izinhlobo ezithile ze-lymphoma (umdlavuza wesistimu ye-lymphatic) kanye nezifo ezifana ne-DiGeorge syndrome.

Lezi zivivinyo ze-T-cell zenziwa nini?

Uma utholakala une-HIV okokuqala, udokotela wakho uzohlola inani le-CD4 yakho. Ngemva kwalokho, bazoqhubeka nokwenza lolu vivinyo ukuze babone ukuthi uphilile kangakanani nokuthi imithi yakho isebenza kahle kangakanani.

Uma uqala i-ART, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlolwe inani lamaseli akho e-CD4 njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha ekuqaleni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, udokotela wakho angashintsha lokhu kube njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya kweziyishumi nambili . Bazokwenza nokuhlolwa okuhlukile ukuhlola inani legciwane lakho le-HIV.

Ukuhlolwa kokubalwa kwamaseli e-CD4 kwenziwa kanjani?

Kulula kakhulu. Uchwepheshe welabhorethri usebenzisa isampula yegazi lakho ukuthola "inani le-CD4" yakho. Babala "amaseli e-T" kusampula yegazi lakho besebenzisa inqubo ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi "i-Flow Cytometry." Kulokhu, amaseli aphawulwa ngamalebula akhethekile.

Ngingalungiselela kanjani lolu vivinyo?

Akukho ukulungiselela okukhethekile okudingekayo. Ungadla futhi uphuze imithi yakho njengokujwayelekile.

Yini okufanele ngiyilindele ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa?

Udokotela noma umhlengikazi uzothatha isampula yegazi ngokufaka inalithi encane emthanjeni osengalweni yakho. Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki lapho inalithi ifakwa futhi ikhishwa, kodwa kuzoba okwesikhashana nje. Isampula yegazi izothunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze ihlolwe.

Yiziphi izingozi zokuhlolwa kwe-CD4 count?

Izingozi zalokhu kuhlolwa ziphansi kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima kancane uma kufanele ubhoboze inaliti izikhathi eziningana ukuze uthole umthambo. Kunezingozi ezincane lapho uthatha igazi, njenge:

• Ukuzizwa unesiyezi noma ubuthakathaka.
• Ukulimala okukhulu noma ukuqoqwa kwegazi ngaphansi kwesikhumba (i-hematoma).
• Ukuthola ukutheleleka.
• Ukopha okuqhubekayo (lokhu kwenzeka kaningi kakhulu).

Hlobo luni lwemiphumela esiyitholayo?

Izibalo ze-CD4 zivame ukuvezwa njengenani lamaseli nge-cubic millimeter ngayinye (i-cubic millimeter icishe ibe usayizi weconsi legazi). Lokhu kuvame ukubhalwa ngokuthi “mm³” noma “mcL” (ama-microliter) ngemva kwenombolo. Ngezinye izikhathi uzobona nezibalo ze-CD4 njengephesenti lama-lymphocyte (amaseli amhlophe egazi).

Imiphumela ingase ibukeke kanje:

• Isibalo se-CD4 esijwayelekile: 500mm³ kuya ku-1,200mm³
• Isibalo se-CD4 esiphansi: ngaphansi kuka-500mm³
• Isibalo se-CD4 esiphezulu: ngaphezu kuka-1,200mm³

Amanani ala mazinga "avamile", ikakhulukazi umkhawulo ophezulu, angase ahluke kancane kwamanye amalebhu. Ngakho hlola ububanzi obujwayelekile embikweni wakho.

Kusho ukuthini ukubalwa kwe-CD4 okuphansi?

Uma une-HIV, inani eliphansi le-CD4 lisho ukuthi igciwane libhubhise amangqamuzana akho amaningi amhlophe egazi futhi lenza buthaka amasosha omzimba wakho. Lokhu kukubeka engcupheni enkulu yokuthola izifo, ezinye zazo ezingasongela impilo. Uma inani lakho le-CD4 lingu-200mm³ noma ngaphansi, kusho ukuthi une-HIV yesigaba sesi-3, okuyisigaba se-AIDS.

Uma ungenayo i-HIV, inani eliphansi le-CD4 lingabangelwa yilokhu okulandelayo:

• Okunye ukutheleleka.
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kuyindlela yokwelapha umdlavuza.
• Imithi eqeda amandla amasosha omzimba (ama-immunosuppressants).

Yiziphi izimbangela zokwanda kwenani le-CD4?

Ezinye izifo kanye nomdlavuza wegazi kungabangela ukuthi inani le-CD4 libe phezulu kunezinga elijwayelekile.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukwazi imiphumela?

Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi uzoyithola nini imiphumela yakho ye-CD4 count nokuthi uzoyithola kanjani (isib. udokotela uzokushayela ucingo noma akuthumelele umbiko). Esikhathini esiningi, igazi liyakhishwa futhi lihlolwe zingakapheli amahora angama-24, kodwa kungathatha isikhathi eside ukuthi imiphumela ifike.

Kwenzekani uma inani lami le-CD4 liphansi?

Uma imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa ingeyona into eyayilindelwe udokotela wakho, angakucela ukuthi uphinde ukuhlolwa. Kuye ngemiphumela yakho, udokotela wakho angenza izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa luzohlala lufana, futhi uzocelwa ukuthi uthathe inani lakho elilandelayo le-CD4 ngaphambi kosuku obeluhlelelwe ngaphambilini.
• Uma amasosha omzimba wakho ebuthaka kakhulu, ungase unikezwe ama-antibiotic noma ama-antifungal ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka.
• Kunconywa ukuthi ushintshe uhlobo lwemithi ethi "Antiretroviral - ART" oyithathayo njengamanje.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma unemibuzo mayelana nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Uma unezimpawu zokutheleleka (isib. ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, ubomvu, umkhuhlane), iya ekamelweni eliphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Ngingayandisa kanjani i-CD4 count yami?

Ukwelashwa nge-antiretroviral (ART) kuvame ukusebenza kahle kakhulu ekunciphiseni inani le-HIV emzimbeni wakho (i-viral load) kanye nokwandisa inani le-CD4 yakho. Kodwa-ke, udinga ukuthatha lo muthi njengoba nje uyalelwe. Uma unenkinga yokuthatha i-ART yakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.

Kwezinye izimo - kubantu abangenayo i-HIV, isibonelo umuntu oke wafakelwa isitho futhi ethatha imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba - inani eliphansi le-CD4 lingasho ukuthi imithi yabo isebenza kahle. Ngakho-ke, buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yini ongayilindela ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho.

Okokugcina, khumbula lokhu (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukubalwa kwe-CD4 kuyindlela udokotela wakho abona ngayo ukuthi i-HIV ithinte kanjani isimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela kanye nokuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kusebenza kahle kangakanani. Ngezinye izikhathi ezinye izinto zingathinta imiphumela, ngakho ungakhathazeki uma ubona inombolo engalindelekile. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokuthi imiphumela isho ukuthini nokuthi ngabe udinga ukwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa. Ukuthatha i-antiretroviral therapy (ART) njalo kungasiza ekuvimbeleni i-HIV ekulimazeni isimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela futhi kugcine inani lamaseli akho e-T liphilile.

Inani le - CD4, i-HIV, amasosha omzimba, amaseli e-T, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, i-ART, ukwelashwa