Uma sizizwa singaphilile kahle noma sishisa kancane, into yokuqala esiyicabangayo sonke ukuthi, "Angazi ukuthi nginomkhuhlane." Ingabe lo mkhuhlane ukugula ngempela? Noma ingabe uwuphawu lokuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle emizimbeni yethu? Nakuba abantu abaningi besaba umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane uvame ukuba ubufakazi obuhle kakhulu bokuthi uhlelo lwethu lokuzivikela lomzimba lusebenza kahle. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngokucacile ngalo mkhuhlane, izimpawu zawo, lokho esingakwenza ekhaya, nokuthi sekuyisikhathi sokubona udokotela.
Uyini ngempela umkhuhlane?
Kalula nje, umkhuhlane uphakeme kunokushisa komzimba okuvamile. Akusona isifo ngokwaso. Kunalokho, umkhuhlane uwuphawu lwesinye isimo sempilo. Njengoba nje kukhala i-alamu lapho isigebengu singena endlini yethu, umkhuhlane uwuphawu olusetshenziswa amasosha ethu omzimba ukusazisa lapho ukutheleleka noma igciwane lingena emzimbeni wethu.
Uma izinga lokushisa lomzimba wethu likhuphuka kancane, amagciwane anjengamabhaktheriya namagciwane angene emizimbeni yethu awasakwazi ukusinda nokusabalala. Lokho kusho ukuthi umkhuhlane uwuphawu oluhle lokuthi umzimba wethu ulwa nokugula.
Yiliphi izinga lokushisa esilibiza ngokuthi 'umkhuhlane'?
Sonke sizwile ukuthi izinga lokushisa lomzimba womuntu ophilile lingu-37 degrees Celsius (98.6 degrees Fahrenheit). Kodwa akufani kuwo wonke umuntu. Izinga lokushisa lakho elijwayelekile lingaba phezulu noma libe phansi kunalokho. Futhi leli zinga lokushisa liyashintsha phakathi nosuku. Liphansi kancane ekuseni, liphakeme kancane kusihlwa. Izinga lokushisa lowesifazane liyakhuphuka nangezinsuku ezithile zomjikelezo wakhe wokuya esikhathini nalapho ezivocavoca.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi izinsana nezingane ezincane ngokwemvelo zinezinga lokushisa lomzimba eliphakeme kancane kunabantu abadala, ngakho izinga lokushisa abalibheka njengomkhuhlane nalo liphakeme kancane kunelethu.
Nakuba inani elibhekwa njengomkhuhlane lihlukahluka kuye ngendlela yokulinganisa umkhuhlane, isikhathi sosuku, kanye nomuntu ngamunye, odokotela abaningi bayakwamukela ukuthi izinga lokushisa lomlomo elingu-38 degrees Celsius (100.4 degrees Fahrenheit) noma ngaphezulu kubhekwa njengomkhuhlane.
| Iphuzu lokulinganisa izinga lokushisa | Kuhlukile ekulinganisweni ngomlomo |
|---|---|
| I-Rectal kanye ne-Ear | Ngokuvamile kukhombisa cishe ama-degrees C angu-0.6 (1.0 degrees F) aphezulu. (Lokhu kunembile kakhulu) |
| Ibunzi kanye nekhwapha | Ngokuvamile kukhombisa cishe ama-degrees C angu-0.6 (1.0 degrees F) ngaphansi. (Lena indlela enembile kakhulu) |
Uyini umkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi?
Lokhu kubhekisela ekukhuphukeni okuncane kwezinga lokushisa lomzimba ngaphezu kokuvamile. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokushisa eliphakathi kwama-degree Celsius angu-37.5 no-37.9 (99.5 - 100.3 Fahrenheit) libhekwa njengomkhuhlane. Kusho ukuthi amasosha omzimba asebenza kancane ngento ethile.
Yiziphi ezinye izimpawu ezihambisana nomkhuhlane?
Ngaphezu kokuzizwa ushisa, ungase ubhekane nalezi zimpawu.
| Izimpawu ezivamile | |
|---|---|
| Ukugodola, ukuthuthumela | Ubuhlungu bomzimba kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu |
| Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu (Ukukhathala) | Ukujuluka okungapheli noma okuqhubekayo |
| Ububomvu bobuso noma isikhumba esishisayo | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo |
| Izici ezithile zezinsana nezingane ezincane | |
| I-Anorexia (ukwehla kwesifiso sokudla) | Ubuhlungu bendlebe noma ubuhlungu bendlebe |
| Ukukhala kakhulu, ukucasuka | Ukukhanya noma ukubomvu |
| Ukuzizwa womile kakhulu kunokujwayelekile | Ukuncipha kokuchama |
Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko zomkhuhlane?
Umkhuhlane uwuphawu lwanoma yisiphi isifo, ngakho-ke kungaba nezimbangela eziningi. Kodwa izimbangela ezivame kakhulu yilezi:
- Ukutheleleka ngegciwane: Isibonelo, izinto ezifana nomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane we-dengue, kanye ne-COVID-19.
- Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane: Izinto ezifana nokutheleleka komphimbo, ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo (UTIs), kanye nokutheleleka kwesikhumba.
- Ukutheleleka kwesisu: Umkhuhlane ohambisana nobuhlungu besisu, ukuhlanza, kanye nesifo sohudo.
- Ukutheleleka kwesikhumba: Izinto ezifana nesilonda esiqhumayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokhu,
- Njengempendulo yemithi ethile.
- Ngemva kokuthola imijovo.
- Ngenxa yezinkinga ezithile zokuzivikela komzimba.
- Umkhuhlane ungabangelwa nayizimo zezokwelapha ezimbi njengomdlavuza.
Yini ongayenza ukuze unciphise umkhuhlane ekhaya?
Uma umkhuhlane wakho ungemkhulu kakhulu, okungukuthi, ungaphansi kuka-38.3 Celsius (101 Fahrenheit), uvame ukuba ngcono ngalezi zinto ngaphandle kwemithi.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi kanye noketshezi: Uma unomkhuhlane, umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa amanzi amaningi ngenxa yokujuluka, okwenza kube lula ukuwohloka. Ngakho-ke phuza amanzi amaningi, iphalishi, isobho, ijusi, kanye nejusi lewolintshi.
- Phumula ngokwanele: Umzimba wakho udinga amandla okulwa nesifo. Ngakho-ke lala kahle futhi uphumule.
- Geza umzimba wakho ngamanzi afudumele: Akulungile ukugeza ngamanzi abandayo uma unomkhuhlane. Kodwa-ke, ukugeza noma ukusula umzimba wakho ngamanzi afudumele (cishe ama-36.7 Celsius / 98 Fahrenheit) kungasiza ekunciphiseni izinga lokushisa lomzimba.
- Imithi: Uma umkhuhlane uphakeme kuno-38.3 Celsius (101 Fahrenheit) futhi uzizwa ungakhululekile, ungathatha umuthi onjengeParacetamol njengoba uqondiswe udokotela wakho.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ungalokothi unike izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-17 i-aspirin . Ukunikeza izingane i-aspirin kungabangela i-Reye's syndrome, isimo esithinta isibindi nobuchopho futhi esingabulala. Ngakho-ke buza udokotela wakho njalo ngemithi efanele yengane yakho.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Nakuba umkhuhlane uvamile, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lokuthile okungathi sína. Ngakho-ke, ezimweni ezinjalo, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.
| Ngobani? | Uzobona nini udokotela |
|---|---|
| Abantu abadala |
|
| Izingane |
|
Kukuziphi izimo lapho kufanele uye esibhedlela (ETU) ngokuphuthumayo?
Uma unezinye zezibonakaliso ezingezansi ezihambisana nomkhuhlane, kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibucayi sezokwelapha. Ngakho-ke hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
| Izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezidinga i-ETU esheshayo | |
|---|---|
| Izici ezivamile kubantu abadala kanye nezingane | |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu kanye nokuqina kwentamo | Ubunzima bokuphefumula |
| Ubuhlungu besifuba | Ukudideka okukhulu noma ukuziphatha okungavamile |
| Ukuba nesifo sokuwa (ukudlikizela noma ukuxhuzula) | Amabala abomvu noma ansomi esikhumbeni (ukuvuvukala komkhuhlane) |
| Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo | Ubunzima bokubheka ukukhanya (i-Photophobia) |
| Izici ezithinta kakhulu izingane ezincane nezinsana | |
| Uma ingane engaphansi kwezinyanga ezintathu ubudala inomkhuhlane, yiyise esibhedlela ngokushesha, noma ngabe azikho ezinye izimpawu. | Uma ingane ilele kakhulu noma ikhathele. |
| Uma bengadli noma bengaphuzi lutho, noma bebonisa izimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. | Uma ukhala ungayeki. |
Ezinye izimo ezingabangelwa umkhuhlane
- Ukuquleka Kwesifo Somkhuhlane: Ezinye izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 zingase zibe nesimo esifana nokuquleka lapho umkhuhlane wazo ukhuphuka. Lokhu kungaba yinto eyesabekayo kakhulu kubazali, kodwa isikhathi esiningi akubangeli ukulimala kobuchopho. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, phendula ingane ngohlangothi futhi ungafaki lutho emlonyeni wayo. Uma ukuquleka kuthatha imizuzu engaphezu kwemi-5, yiyise esibhedlela ngokushesha.
- Umkhuhlane Ophindaphindayo: Ezinye izingane zingaba nomkhuhlane izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo, bese ziba ngcono izinsuku ezimbalwa, bese zithola umkhuhlane futhi. Lokhu kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibizwa ngokuthi ama-periodic fever syndromes. Uma lokhu kuqhubeka, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umkhuhlane awusona isifo, kodwa uwuphawu lokuthi umzimba wethu ulwa nokutheleleka. Ngakho-ke ungesabi umkhuhlane omncane.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza uketshezi oluningi, njengamanzi, nokuphumula uma unomkhuhlane.
- Ungalokothi unike ingane engaphansi kweminyaka engu-17 i-aspirin. Njalo nikeza umuthi ophephile njenge-paracetamol ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela.
- Uma ingane engaphansi kwezinyanga ezintathu ubudala inomkhuhlane, noma ngabe azikho ezinye izimpawu, xhumana nodokotela ngokushesha.
- Uma unezimpawu eziyisixwayiso, njengekhanda elibuhlungu, intamo eqinile, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma ukuquleka, kanye nomkhuhlane, hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU).
- Uma unokungabaza noma ukwesaba ngomkhuhlane, kungcono ukuvakashela udokotela womndeni wakho ukuze uthole iseluleko kunokuqagela.
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