Ake sifunde nge-'Central Pontine Myelinolysis (CPM), isimo esibi lapho umzimba ulahlekelwa khona i-sodium bese uzama ukuyibuyisela!

Ukwehla kwenani likasawoti, noma i-sodium, emzimbeni wethu ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yingozi. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi uma singakhuphula ngokuzumayo leli nani elinciphile le-sodium, kungalimaza ubuchopho bethu? Isimo esisodwa esibi esingase senzeke ngaleso sikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi i-'Central Pontine Myelinolysis (CPM).' Ngezinye izikhathi sibizwa nangokuthi i-'Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome (ODS).' Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe, ngoba lokhu kuyinto sonke okudingeka siyiqaphele.

Kuyini i-'Central Pontine Myelinolysis (CPM)`? Kalula nje...

Kalula nje, i-`Central Pontine Myelinolysis (CPM)` iwumonakalo kumaseli ezinzwa endaweni ye -`Pons' phakathi kwesiqu sobuchopho bethu kanye nesembozo esivikelayo esizungezile, esibizwa ngokuthi i-`myelin sheath.` Cabanga ngakho njengesembozo sepulasitiki esizungeze ucingo. Lesi sembozo se-myelin sisiza amaseli ezinzwa ukuba ahambe ngokushesha.

Isiqu sobuchopho bethu siyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yomzimba wethu. Yilapho ulwazi luhamba khona phakathi komgogodla wethu kanye nengxenye enkulu "yokucabanga" yobuchopho. Kuphinde kusize ekulawuleni imisebenzi ebalulekile njengokuphefumula, ukugaya ukudla, kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo.

Ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka i-`CPM`, lesi sigxobo se-myelin siyalimala, futhi ekugcineni amaseli ezinzwa angabhujiswa. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka uma izinga le-sodium emzimbeni wethu landa ngokuzumayo, ngokushesha okukhulu. Le ngozi ifika ikakhulukazi uma selapha i-sodium ephansi emzimbeni (yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi i-`hyponatremia`).

I-CPM ingadala izimpawu ezahlukahlukene. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ubuthakathaka bemisipha, ukukhubazeka, ubunzima bokukhuluma, kanye nezinguquko zokuziphatha. Iningi labantu liyalulama ngokuphelele, kodwa abanye bangase babe nokukhubazeka okuhlala isikhathi eside. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukufa kungenzeka.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo se-'CPM'?

Eqinisweni, noma yisiphi isifo noma isimo esinciphisa amazinga e-sodium emzimbeni sandisa ingozi ye-CPM. Abantu ababe namazinga aphansi e-sodium isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angu-48 basengozini enkulu.

Izimo ezihlotshaniswa kakhulu ne-`CPM` yilezi:

• Ukusebenzisa utshwala ngokweqile (`Ukuphazamiseka kokusebenzisa utshwala`) : Lena imbangela eyinhloko.
• Ukufakelwa kwesibindi : Izinkinga ze-sodium zingavela ngisho noma isibindi singasebenzi kahle.
• Ukusha Okukhulu : Ukusha Okukhulu kungabangela ukungalingani koketshezi nosawoti womzimba.
• I-Hyperemesis gravidarum (ukuhlanza ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa) : Abanye omama bahlanza kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, okungaholela nasezingeni eliphansi le-sodium.
• Ukungondleki kahle : Lezi zinkinga zivela ngisho noma kungekho ukudla nokuphuza okufanele.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Central Pontine Myelinolysis'?

Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, odokotela abakwazi ukusho ukuthi lesi simo sivame kangakanani. Esinye isizathu ukuthi abantu abaningi abane-CPM encane ababonisi izimpawu. Lokho kusho ukuthi abazi nokuthi banalesi simo.

Kodwa-ke, amacala abucayi e-CPM avame ukubonakala kubantu abasebenzisa kakhulu utshwala, abathola ukufakelwa isibindi, kanye nalabo abanezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezimbi.

Kungani kwenzeka lokhu 'kwe-Central Pontine Myelinolysis'? Ziyini izimbangela?

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, imbangela eyinhloko ye-'Central Pontine Myelinolysis' ukwanda okusheshayo kwamazinga e-sodium. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka lapho kwelashwa amazinga aphansi e-sodium emzimbeni ('hyponatremia').

Manje, bheka, i-sodium iyi- electrolyte ebalulekile emizimbeni yethu. Kalula nje, i-sodium isiza ukulinganisela inani loketshezi ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwamaseli ethu. Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile, izifo zesibindi, kanye nezinye izimo eziningi zempilo kungabangela amazinga aphansi e-sodium emzimbeni. Uma lesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi i-hyponatremia, singelashwa kahle, singaholela ekuguleni okukhulu ngisho nasekulalisweni esibhedlela.

Ngakho-ke, uma ulaliswe esibhedlela, odokotela balungisa leli zinga eliphansi le-sodium ngokukunikeza isisombululo se-saline esifakwa emthanjeni (IV) . Kodwa-ke, uma izinga lakho le-sodium likhuphuka ngokushesha kakhulu lapha, yilapho i-CPM ingenzeka khona.

Cabanga ngalokho okwenzekayo uma uthela amanzi amaningi ngokuzumayo esitshalweni esomile. Kuyinto okudingeka yenziwe ngokucophelela. Kunjalo nangokulungisa amazinga e-sodium emzimbeni.

Kwenzeka kanjani lokhu 'kwe-Central Pontine Myelinolysis'? Kwenzekani ngempela ngaphakathi emzimbeni?

Uma amazinga e-sodium egazini lakho ekhuphuka ngokushesha, amanzi angaphakathi kwamaseli ezinzwa ayaphuma kumaseli. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'ukushintsha kwe-osmotic '. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi amaseli ezinzwa aphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni , njengokungathi ayoma. Lokhu kuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kulimaza amaseli ezinzwa kanye ne-myelin sheath ewazungezile. Lokhu kulimala kwe-myelin sheath kubizwa ngokuthi 'myelinolysis' .

Amaseli emizwa kuma-pons, ayingxenye ye-brainstem, asengozini enkulu yalolu hlobo lwe-myelinolysis, yingakho ibizwa ngokuthi i-central pontine myelinolysis.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-`Central Pontine Myelinolysis (CPM)` kanye ne-`Extrapontine Myelinolysis (EPM)`?

Lo monakalo we-myelin awuhlali usenzeka kuma-pons kuphela. Ngezinye izikhathi, i-myelinlysis ingenzeka nakwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho. Lolu hlobo lomonakalo we-myelin ngaphandle kwama-pons lubizwa ngokuthi i-extrapontine myelinosis (EPM) .

Kodwa-ke, i-EPM ayivamile kakhulu. Cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabane abane-CPM (cishe ama-25%) angase abe ne-EPM.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-'Central Pontine Myelinolysis'?

Izimpawu ze-CPM zivame ukuqala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokulungiswa okusheshayo kwamazinga e-sodium. Lezi zimpawu zingahluka kuye ngokuthi umonakalo we-myelin wenzeke kuphi ebuchosheni nokuthi umonakalo owenzeke ungakanani. Izimpawu eziyinhloko ezingabonakala yilezi:

• Izinguquko zokuziphatha: njengokuthukuthela noma ukucasuka ngokuzumayo.
• Ukudideka: Ukuzizwa sengathi ingqondo yakho ayicacile, sengathi ukhohlwa ukuthi ukuphi nokuthi isikhathi sini.
• Ubunzima bokukhuluma (i-dysarthria): Amagama ayaphela futhi inkulumo ayicaci.
• Ubunzima bokugwinya (dysphagia): Ubunzima bokugwinya ukudla nokuphuza, uzizwe sengathi uyaminza.
• Ukukhubazeka kobuso: Uhlangothi olulodwa lobuso luyaba ndikindiki futhi luyeke ukusebenza kahle.
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha: Izitho zomzimba zizizwa sengathi ziyaphela amandla.
• Ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi nokuxhumana: Ukungazethembi lapho uhamba, ukungakwazi ukubamba izinto kahle.
• Ukunyakaza kwemisipha okungahleliwe kanye nokuthuthumela (`Ukuthuthumela`): Ukuthuthumela okungalawuleki kwezitho.
• Ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungajwayelekile (`Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Oculomotor`).
• I-Parkinsonism: Ukuthuthumela, ubunzima bokukhuluma, kanye nobunzima bokuhamba kungase kwenzeke, okufana nesifo sikaParkinson.
• I-Quadriparesis: Ubuthakathaka kuzo zonke izingalo ezine , imilenze, nezinyawo.

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-CPM ingabangela isimo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-locked-in syndrome', lapho yonke imisipha ngaphandle kwemisipha yamehlo ikhubazeka khona. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isiguli singacabanga futhi sinyakazise amehlo aso, kodwa asikwazi ukukhuluma noma ukuhambisa imizimba yaso. Singawela futhi kwi-coma noma sife.

Lesi simo esithi `Central Pontine Myelinolysis` sitholakala kanjani? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ukuze axilonge i-CPM, udokotela wakho uzokwenza okulandelayo:

• Buza ngezimpawu zakho: ukuthi uzizwa kanjani, ukuthi usunesikhathi esingakanani unalezi zinkinga, njll.
• Babheka izimbangela ezingaba khona: izinto ezifana nokuthi amazinga akho e-sodium ayenjani ngesikhathi welashwa, nokuthi unezinye izimo zezokwelapha yini.
• Ukuskena kwe-MRI: I-MRI ingasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi abone izindawo zomonakalo (izilonda) ebuchosheni bakho ezibangelwa yi-myelinolysis. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi lezi zindawo zomonakalo zingase zingabonakali ku-MRI kuze kube cishe amasonto amabili ngemva kokuqala kwezimpawu.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-'Central Pontine Myelinolysis'?

Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile nokujwayelekile kwe-CPM. Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa ukulawula izimpawu. Isibonelo, izidakamizwa ze-dopaminergic (izidakamizwa ezandisa amazinga e-dopamine) ngezinye izikhathi zingaba usizo kubantu abanezimpawu zikaParkinson (ukuthuthumela, ubunzima bokukhuluma).

Abanye odokotela baye belapha isimo se-'CPM' ngokwehlisa amazinga e-sodium futhi, base bewanyusa kancane kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela yokwelapha ayisebenzi kuwo wonke umuntu.

Ungazivikela kanjani ku-'Central Pontine Myelinolysis'? (Ukuvimbela)

Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu.

• Uma unesifo esingabangela amazinga aphansi e-sodium emzimbeni wakho, qaphela.
• Uma unenkinga yokusebenzisa utshwala, sicela ucele usizo kudokotela wakho. Ukusebenzisa utshwala kungabangela i-hyponatremia (amazinga aphansi e-sodium). Kungabangela nokwehluleka kwesibindi, okungaholela ekufakweni kwesibindi. Lezi yizici eziyinhloko eziyingozi ze-CPM.

Odokotela bavimbela i-Central Pontine Myelinolysis (CPM) ngokulandela iziqondiso zemitholampilo zamanje ukuze bandise amazinga e-sodium ngokuphepha nangokuhamba kancane kancane ezigulini ezine-hyponatremia.

Ingabe i-Central Pontine Myelinolysis ingelapheka? Ingabe ingaguqulwa?

Lena inkinga abantu abaningi abanayo. Ngokwezifundo zakamuva, cishe abantu abangu-94% ababhekene ne-CPM bayasinda. Futhi, phakathi kuka-25% no-40% bayalulama ngokugcwele.

Kodwa-ke, cishe abantu abangu-25% abane-CPM abalulami ngokugcwele. Laba bantu bangase badinge ukwesekwa okuthile kukho konke ukuphila kwabo. Ukwelashwa okufana nokwelashwa ngenkulumo, ukwelashwa ngomsebenzi, kanye nokwelashwa ngokomzimba kungabasiza ukuba benze imisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Ungaphila kanjani nesimo se-'CPM'?

Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza iseluleko osidingayo. Ngokulandela lolo hlelo lokwelashwa ngqo, ungakwazi ukulawula izimpawu eziphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke.

Wena nomndeni wakho ningazuza kakhulu ngezinsizakalo zokusekela. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokunakekelwa ekhaya, amaqembu okusekela, kanye nezinye izinsiza.

Ungaluthola kanjani usizo ngenkinga yokusebenzisa utshwala?

Odokotela belapha inkinga yokusebenzisa utshwala ngokwelashwa kokuziphatha kanye nemithi. Kukhona futhi amaqembu amaningi okusekela anikeza isikhuthazo nosizo ngokuziphendulela.

Abantu abanenkinga yokusebenzisa utshwala bangathola ukwelashwa ezibhedlela, ezindaweni zokuhlala zokulungisa, noma ngezinsizakalo zesibhedlela sangaphandle.

Isinyathelo sokuqala sokululama ekuhluphekeni kokusebenzisa utshwala ukuvuma ukuthi unenkinga. Uma ufuna usizo kudokotela, wandisa kakhulu amathuba akho okululama.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu - khumbula! (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Central Pontine Myelinolysis (CPM) yisimo esingavinjelwa. Odokotela balandela iziqondiso zamanje zokwandisa amazinga e-sodium ngokucophelela nangokucophelela ezigulini ezine-hyponatremia (i-sodium ephansi).

Unganciphisa ingozi yakho, ikakhulukazi uma unenkinga yokusebenzisa utshwala, ngokuthatha izinyathelo zokuyeka. Uma udinga usizo, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Bangakunikeza ukwesekwa kanye nezinsiza ozidingayo ukuze wenze izinguquko endleleni yokuphila futhi uthuthukise imikhuba enempilo.

Khumbula, ukuqwashisa kuyisivikelo esikhulu kunazo zonke!

I- Central Pontine Myelinolysis, Ubuchopho, Imizwa, I-Sodium, I-Myelin, Utshwala, I-CPM