Wake wazibuza ukuthi lesi sitho esincane esingaphakathi kwekhanda lakho, ubuchopho, simangalisa kangakanani? Silawula konke esikubonayo, esikuzwayo, esikucabangayo, nesikwenzayo. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngengxenye enkulu nebaluleke kakhulu yobuchopho. Leyo yi-cerebrum, noma njengoba sisho ngesiNgisi, i-`(Cerebrum)`.
Iyini le ngqondo?
Kalula nje, i-cerebrum yingxenye enkulu kakhulu yobuchopho bakho. Itholakala phezulu nangaphambili kwekhanda lakho. Ihilelekile cishe kukho konke esikwenzayo emini, kusukela ekucabangeni kuya ekuthatheni isinyathelo. Eqinisweni, iyisikhungo esiyinhloko sokulawula esisenza sibe yilokho esiyikho, ubuntu bethu, namakhono ethu.
Ososayensi basafunda okuningi ngobuchopho nendlela obusebenza ngayo. Nakuba sazi okuningi, kusenezinto esingaziqondi ngokugcwele. Kodwa ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe, ulwazi lwethu ngobuchopho luyanda usuku nosuku.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-cerebrum ne-cerebellum?
La magama amabili afana kancane, ngakho ngezinye izikhathi angadideka. Kodwa-ke, imisebenzi yala magama amabili ihluke kakhulu.
- Ubuchopho: Lena yingxenye enkulu yobuchopho. Ilawula konke esikwenzayo ngamabomu , njengokucabanga, ukuhlela, nokukhuluma. Kufana ne-CEO ehhovisi.
- I-Cerebellum: Lena yingxenye encane yobuchopho ngemuva, phansi. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukulinganisela nokuhlanganisa ukunyakaza komzimba. Isibonelo, ikusiza ukuthi ugcine ibhalansi yakho lapho uhamba futhi ungawi, futhi ikusiza ukuthi ubambe into ngokunembile lapho welula isandla sakho uyibambe. Kufana nomphathi olandela imiyalo evela kumphathi wakhe.
Yimiphi imisebenzi eyinhloko ye-cerebellum?
Sithi ubuchopho bulawula izinto eziningi esizenzayo ngamabomu. Nazi ezinye zazo. Ukuze lolu lwazi lube lula ukuluqonda, ake silubheke etafuleni elifana naleli.
| Umsebenzi | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukulawula izinzwa ezinhlanu | Ubuchopho bucubungula futhi buqonde konke okubonayo ngamehlo akho, ukuzwa ngezindlebe zakho, ukunambitha ngolimi lwakho, ukuhogela ngekhala lakho, kanye nokuthinta ngesikhumba sakho. |
| Ulimi nokuxhumana | Izingxenye ezahlukene zobuchopho zikusiza ukuthi ufunde, ubhale, futhi ukhulume. |
| Inkumbulo yesikhathi esifushane (Inkumbulo Esebenzayo) | Cabanga ukuthi ucabanga ukuthenga iphakethe lobisi esitolo endleleni yakho eya ekhaya. Lesi sigaba silawula izinto ozikhumbulayo isikhathi esifushane kanjalo. |
| Ukuziphatha kanye nobuntu | I-lobe yangaphambili yobuchopho ilawula izinto ezifana nokuziphatha kwakho, ubuntu bakho, ukukhetha okulungile kokungalungile, nokungasho izinto okungafanele uzisho. |
| Ukunyakaza komzimba | Uma ufuna ukuhambisa izitho zakho, ukuhamba, noma ukugijima, ubuchopho buthumela izimpawu ezidingekayo emisipheni yakho. |
| Ukufunda, ukucabanga | Uma ufunda into entsha, wenza izibalo, noma uthola ikhambi lenkinga, izingxenye ezahlukene zobuchopho ziyasebenzisana. |
Amanye amaqiniso amangalisayo mayelana ne-cerebellum
- Ukumelwa Okuphambene: Lokhu kuyinto exakile kakhulu. Lokho okwenzayo ohlangothini lwesokudla lomzimba wakho kulawulwa uhlangothi lwesobunxele lobuchopho bakho. Lokho okwenzayo ohlangothini lwesobunxele lobuchopho bakho kulawulwa uhlangothi lwesokudla. Yingakho uma uhlangothi lwesobunxele lobuchopho bakho lonakele, njengasekushayweni yisifo sohlangothi, uhlangothi lwesokudla lomzimba wakho luzolahlekelwa ukusebenza.
- Ikhono lobuchopho lokuzivumelanisa nezimo: Ubuchopho bakho bungazishintsha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi bungakha ukuxhumana okusha phakathi kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa ebuchosheni uma lonakele noma uma ufunda okuthile okusha. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "i-neuroplasticity."
- Izindawo ezikhethekile: Izingxenye ezahlukene zobuchopho zikhethekile ngemisebenzi ehlukene. Kodwa umqondo wokuthi abanye abantu "banobuchopho besobunxele" kanye "nobuchopho besokudla" awufakazelwa ngokwesayensi. Zombili izinhlangothi zobuchopho ziyasebenzisana.
I-cerebellum yakheka kanjani?
Ubuso obungaphandle be-cerebrum, i-cerebral cortex, bushwabene njenge-walnut ehlutshiwe. Buhlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili ngomsele ojulile ohamba ngobude phakathi nendawo. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-hemisphere yesobunxele kanye ne-hemisphere yesokudla .
Lezi zingqimba ezimbili zixhunywe komunye nomunye ngenqwaba yezicubu zemizwa ezibizwa ngokuthi "iCorpus Callosum." Njengebhuloho, yilokhu okudlulisa ulwazi kusuka kolunye uhlangothi lobuchopho luye kolunye.
Izindawo ezinkulu zobuchopho (ama-lobes)
Kunezifunda ezinhlanu eziyinhloko, noma "ama-lobes," ku-hemisphere ngayinye yobuchopho. Ngayinye yazo inemisebenzi ethile.
1. I-Frontal Lobe: Itholakala ngaphambili kwekhanda. Ilawula ukunaka, ukulawula ukuziphatha, inkulumo, kanye nokunyakaza okuthile.
2. I-Parietal Lobe: Itholakala phezulu ekhanda. Isiza ekutholeni imizwa efana nokuthinta, izinga lokushisa, nobuhlungu. Iphinde ihileleke ekuqondeni ibanga nosayizi wezinto, ulimi, ukubala, kanye nokwenza izinqumo.
3. I-Temporal Lobe: Itholakala ezinhlangothini zekhanda, ngaphezu kwezindlebe. Isisiza siqonde ukuthi abanye bathini, sibone abantu nezinto, futhi ixhumanisa izinkumbulo nemizwa.
4. I-Occipital Lobe: Itholakala ngemuva kwekhanda, lesi yisikhungo esiyinhloko sokucubungula lokho esikubonayo ngamehlo ethu, njengokunyakaza nombala.
5. I-Insular Lobe: Lokhu kutholakala kancane ngaphakathi, ngaphansi kwamanye ama-lobe. Le ngxenye ihileleke kakhulu ekuzizweni kokunambitha.
Zicabange uhamba emgwaqweni bese kuthi kungazelelwe inja ivele igijimele kuwe. Cabanga ukuthi ubuchopho bakho busebenza ngokushesha kangakanani ngaleso sikhathi. Ubona inja ngamehlo akho (Occipital Lobe), uzwa umsindo wokukhonkotha (Temporal Lobe), ukhumbula ukwesaba ukulunywa yinja ngaphambi (Temporal/Hippocampus), umemeza uthi, "He, yinja!" (Frontal/Temporal Lobe), unquma ukubaleka (Frontal Lobe), bese uthumela izimpawu emilenzeni yakho ukuze ugijime (Frontal Lobe). Konke lokhu kwenzeka ngemizuzwana embalwa ngoba zonke lezi zingxenye zobuchopho zisebenza ndawonye.
Yiziphi izimo ezivamile ezithinta ubuchopho?
Noma yisiphi isifo esithinta ubuchopho singathinta ne-cerebellum. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinkinga zempilo yengqondo. Nazi ezinye zazo:
- Isifo sika-Alzheimer
- Izinkinga zokukhathazeka
- Isifo sokungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo (ADHD)
- Isifo sohlangothi
- Ukulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu
- Isifo sokulahlekelwa yingqondo
- Ukucindezeleka
- Isifo Sokuxhuzula
- Isifo sikaParkinson
- Ukuntuleka kwamavithamini (ikakhulukazi i-vitamin B12)
- Ukutheleleka kobuchopho (amagciwane, amagciwane)
Zingaba yini izimpawu?
Uma ubuchopho buthintekile, kungavela izimpawu ezahlukahlukene.
- Ubunzima bokukhuluma noma ukuqonda: `(Aphasia)`
- Ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi yomzimba: ukungazinzile ngenkathi uhamba, ukungakwazi ukubamba izinto kahle (i-Ataxia)
- Izinguquko zokuziphatha kanye nokudideka
- Ubuhlungu bekhanda kanye ne-Migraines
- Izinkinga zememori
- Ukukhubazeka kwezingxenye zomzimba
- Ukuthuthumela
- Izinkinga zokubona: ukubona okufiphele, ukubona okukabili
Uma uqhubeka nokuba nesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho . Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukwelashwa ngesikhathi.
Ungagcina kanjani impilo enhle yobuchopho?
Kunezinto ezimbalwa ezilula esingazenza ukuze sivikele lesi sitho sethu esiyigugu kakhulu.
- Yidla ukudla okulinganiselayo: Izakhamzimba, ikakhulukazi i-vitamin B12, zibaluleke kakhulu empilweni yobuchopho.
- Yiba matasa ngokomzimba: Ukuzivocavoca kuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni, okungasiza ekuvikeleni ezifweni ezifana nesifo sohlangothi.
- Qaphela izifo: Izifo, ikakhulukazi lezo ezisendlebeni nasesweni, zingasakazekela ebuchosheni uma zingelashwa ngokushesha, ngakho ungazinaki.
- Vikela ikhanda lakho: Gqoka isigqoko sokuzivikela uma ugibela ibhayisikili noma isithuthuthu. Ukuvikela ikhanda lakho ezingozini kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela ukulimala kobuchopho.
- Gwema ukubhema nokuphuza utshwala ngokweqile: Le mikhuba ilimaza imithambo yegazi ebuchosheni futhi yandisa ingozi yezifo ezifana nesifo sohlangothi.
- Sebenzisa imithi oyinikezwe udokotela njengoba uyalelwe: Uma udokotela ekunike imithi yesimo esithile, yithathe njengoba uyalelwe.
Ubuchopho buyingxenye emangalisayo kakhulu yomzimba wethu, busisiza ngakho konke esikwenzayo nsuku zonke. Ukunakekela impilo yabo kungenye yezindlela ezinhle kakhulu esingazisebenzisa ukuze silondoloze ikhwalithi yempilo yethu yonke.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ubuchopho buyingxenye enkulu kunazo zonke yobuchopho bakho. Bulawula imicabango yakho, inkumbulo, ulimi, ukunyakaza, kanye nezinzwa zakho.
- Ubuchopho bakhiwe yizingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko (kwesobunxele nakwesokudla) kanye nezifunda eziningana (ama-lobes). Isifunda ngasinye salezi sinemisebenzi ethile.
- Izifo eziningana, njengesifo sohlangothi, i-dementia, kanye nesifo sokuwa, zingathinta ubuchopho.
- Ungalondoloza impilo enhle yobuchopho ngokudla ukudla okulinganiselayo, ukuzivocavoca, ukuvikela ikhanda lakho, nokugwema ukubhema/utshwala.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ngokusebenza kobuchopho, isibonelo, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ubunzima bokukhuluma, noma ukuzizwa ungaphili, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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