Wake wathatha umbiko wokuhlolwa kwegazi, wabheka inqwaba yezinhlamvu nezinombolo ezikuwo, wabe usucabanga, 'Kuyini lokhu?' Kanye ne-Sodium ne-Potassium, kukhona into ebalulekile phakathi kwayo esingakhulumi kakhulu ngayo, ebizwa ngokuthi i-Chloride. Kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwemizimba yethu. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngendlela elula kakhulu nenobungane ngokuthi kungani le chloride ibaluleke kangaka emizimbeni yethu, ukuthi lokhu kuhlolwa kutholani, nokuthi singayichaza kanjani imiphumela uma ibuya.
Iyini ngempela i-chloride?
Kalula nje, i-chloride iyi- electrolyte emizimbeni yethu. Cabanga ngemizimba yethu njengemishini eyinkimbinkimbi esebenza ngamabhethri. Le mishini idinga ugesi ukuze isebenze kahle. Ngokufanayo, ama-electrolyte ayizinhlayiya ezincane zamaminerali ezishajwa ngogesi ezisiza uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa ukuthi luthumele imiyalezo, imisipha isebenze kahle, futhi igcine ibhalansi yamanzi ne-acid-base yomzimba (noma ibhalansi ye-pH).
Ama-electrolyte ayinhloko egazini lethu yilawa:
- I-Chloride
- I-Sodium
- I-Potassium
- I-Bicarbonate
Konke lokhu kusebenza ndawonye njengeqembu ukugcina imizimba yethu iphilile. Uma umuntu ebuthakathaka kakhulu noma ebuthakathaka kakhulu, lonke uhlelo lungangalingani.
Kungani udokotela angancoma lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-chloride?
Akuvamile ukuthi udokotela a-ode ukuhlolwa "kwe-chloride kuphela". Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amazinga e-chloride alinganiswa kanye namanye ama-electrolyte. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuvame ukwenziwa njengengxenye yephaneli yezinye izivivinyo zegazi. Lokhu kusiza udokotela wakho ukuthola isithombe esibanzi sempilo yakho.
Isibonelo, amazinga e-chloride ayahlolwa ukuze kutholakale noma kuqashwe izimo ezifana nalezi:
- Isifo sezinso
- Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
- Isifo sesibindi
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme
Ngokuvamile, ukuhlolwa kwe-chloride kuza nokuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile okufana nalokhu:
| Igama Lephaneli | Kalula nje, ubhekeni? |
|---|---|
| Iphaneli Ephelele Ye-Metabolic (i-CMP) | Ukuhlolwa okuphelele okuhlola izinto eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, njengokusebenza kwesibindi nezinso, ama-electrolyte, kanye namazinga kashukela. |
| Iphaneli Eyisisekelo Ye-Metabolic (BMP) | Ukuhlolwa okuhlola izinto eziyisisekelo njengokusebenza kwezinso, amazinga kashukela, kanye nama-electrolyte. |
| Iphaneli ye-Electrolyte | Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile okubheka kuphela amazinga e-electrolyte njenge-chloride, i-sodium, ne-potassium. |
| Iphaneli Yomsebenzi Wezinso (RFP) | Iphakheji yokuhlola egxile ngqo ekusebenzeni kwezinso. |
Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele ngibe nazo kulolu vivinyo?
Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa okuvamile, udokotela wakho angase akucele lokhu kuhlolwa uma esola ukuthi unenkinga ngokulinganisela kwamanzi emzimbeni wakho noma ibhalansi ye-acid-base. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, ungase ube nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:
- Uma ukuhlanza kuqhubeka
- Uma unesifo sohudo (ukuhlanza)
- Uma uzizwa ukhathele ngendlela engakholeki (ukukhathala)
- Uma uzizwa ungaphili noma ubuthakathaka
- Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, okusho ukuthi uzizwa sengathi untula amanzi emzimbeni wakho
- Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula
Uzilungiselela kanjani lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi?
Izindaba ezinhle kakhulu ukuthi akukho ukulungiselela okukhethekile okudingekayo ukuze kuhlolwe amazinga e-chloride noma iphaneli ye-electrolyte kuphela.
Kodwa-ke, njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, uma lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa njengengxenye yephakheji efana ne-CMP noma i-BMP, ungase ucelwe ukuba uzile ukudla (okungukuthi, ungadli noma uphuze) amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokunikela ngegazi. Ungenzi noma yiziphi izibikezelo ngalokhu. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi mangaki amahora okudingeka uzile ukudla ngaphambi kokunikela ngegazi, nokuthi ungaphuza yini amanzi, njll. Ukulandela leyo miyalelo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola imiphumela enembile.
Kwenzekani uma uthola igazi? (Cishe uyakwazi lokhu!)
Lena inqubo elula kakhulu, njengokuthatha igazi.
1. Udokotela we-phlebotomist elabhorethri uzothola umthambo ofanele ngaphakathi kwendololwane yakho ukuze adonse igazi.
2. Uma usuyitholile indawo, yihlanze kahle bese ufaka isibulala-magciwane.
3. Bese kufakwa inaliti encane kulowo mthambo bese kuthathwa isampula yegazi. Ngalesi sikhathiUngase uzizwe ulunywa kancane, njengokulunywa yintuthwane .
4. Ngemva kokuqoqa inani legazi elidingekayo lokuhlolwa epayipini lokuhlola, inaliti iyasuswa bese kufakwa ucezu lwekotini noma i-gauze bese icindezelwa ukuze kumiswe ukopha.
5. Ekugcineni, kufakwa ucezu oluncane lweplasta endaweni bese umsebenzi usuqediwe. Yonke inqubo ithatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela.
Uyiqonda kanjani le mbiko?
Uzothola umbiko wakho ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ngaphezulu. Umbiko uvame ukuqukethe ulwazi olufana nalolu:
- Igama lokuhlolwa: isib. "I-Serum Chloride"
- Umphumela wakho: uboniswe njengenombolo.
- Ububanzi Obujwayelekile: Bubonisa ukuthi amanani ajwayelekile kufanele abe yini kumuntu ophilile.
- Ingabe umphumela ujwayelekile noma cha: Inani lakho likhonjiswa njengojwayelekile, oPhezulu, noma oPhansi.
Izinga elijwayelekile le-chloride kumuntu omdala liphakathi kwama -milliequivalents angu-96 no-106 ngelitha (mEq/L) .
Kodwa khumbula into eyodwa, le 'Normal Range' ingahluka kancane kusuka kwelinye ilabhorethri kuya kwelinye. Yingakho umbiko wakho uzophinde usho ukuthi yimaphi amanani abo ajwayelekile. Ungasheshi ufinyelele eziphethweni ngokusekelwe ezinombolweni ezisembikweni. Shiya kudokotela wakho ukuthi akuchazele ukuthi kusho ukuthini ngempela.
Uma izinga le-chloride liphansi noma liphezulu, kusho ukuthini?
Kujwayelekile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane uma ubona umphumela ongajwayelekile. Kodwa ukuba namazinga e-chloride aphansi noma aphezulu akusho ukuthi unesifo esibi kakhulu. Ake sibheke lokho.
Amazinga aphansi e-chloride (i-Hypochloremia)
Uma umphumela wakho ungaphansi kwejwayelekile, kungaba uphawu lwesimo esifana nalesi:
- Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
- Izifo zamaphaphu, isibonelo, i-emphysema
- Isifo sika-Addison
- I-alkalosis ye-Metabolic - Lokhu kusho ukwanda kwe-alkalinity egazini.
Amazinga e-chloride akhuphukile (i-Hyperchloremia)
Uma umphumela wakho uphakeme kunojwayelekile, kungaba uphawu lwesimo esifana nalesi:
- Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni - ukuntuleka kwamanzi emzimbeni
- Isifo sezinso
- I-Cushing's syndrome
- I-Metabolic acidosis - Lokhu kusho ukwanda kwe-asidi egazini.
- I-alkalosis yokuphefumula - isimo esibangelwa ukuphefumula okusheshayo.
Kodwa, into ebaluleke kakhulu yile!
Ukushintsha kwamazinga e-chloride akudingeki ukuthi kubangelwe ukugula. Kungaba nezinye izizathu ezilula futhi.
| Ezinye izimbangela ngaphandle kwezifo | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuphuza uketshezi oluningi | Uma uphuza amanzi amaningi kakhulu, ama-electrolyte egazini lakho angancishiswa futhi amazinga akho e-chloride angase abonakale ephansi. |
| Ukuhlanza noma isifo sohudo | Uma kulahleka uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni ngale ndlela, ibhalansi ye-electrolyte ingaphazamiseka futhi amazinga e-chloride angashintsha. |
| Eminye imithi | Isibonelo, amanye ama-antacid owathathayo, njengalawo asetshenziswa ukwelapha izilonda zesisu, angathinta amazinga e-chloride. |
| Iphutha ekuthatheni isampula yegazi | Nakuba kungavamile kakhulu, iphutha elincane ngesikhathi sokuqoqwa kwegazi lingabangela umehluko emiphumeleni. |
Ingabe kufanele wesabe umphumela ongavamile?
Lutho neze. Udokotela wakho ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu ozothatha umbiko wakho, ezinye izivivinyo, kanye nezimpawu zakho ndawonye bese enquma ukuthi lokhu kuyinto okufanele ikhathazeke ngayo. Ngeke abheke umphumela wakho we-chloride kuphela. Uzowubheka kanye namanye ama-electrolyte (i-sodium, i-potassium) kanye nempilo yakho iyonke.
Uma umphumela ungajwayelekile, udokotela wakho angase acele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze athole ukuthi yini ebangela lokhu. Noma angakuchazela ukuthi akuyona into enkulu kangako. Ngakho-ke ungazigodli imibuzo yakho bese ubuza udokotela wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-chloride iyi-electrolyte ebalulekile ekugcineni izinzwa, imisipha, kanye nokulinganisela koketshezi emzimbeni wethu.
- Lokhu kuhlolwa ngokuvamile akwenziwa ngokwako, kodwa njengengxenye yephakheji yezinye izivivinyo zegazi.
- Ukuthi amazinga akho e-chloride angaphandle kwesilinganiso esijwayelekile akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi unesifo esibi kakhulu.
- Amazinga e-chloride angashintsha ngenxa yezizathu ezilula njengokuphuza amanzi amaningi, ukuhlanza/uhudo, kanye neminye imithi.
- Okubaluleke kakhulu: Ungalokothi ufinyelele esiphethweni ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi lakho. Njalo xhumana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole incazelo enembile kakhulu.
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