Wake wacabanga ngesistimu yokuhlunga emangalisayo emzimbeni wethu? Njengesihlungi samafutha emotweni, izinso zethu ziyisitho esibaluleke kakhulu esihlunga imfucuza emizimbeni yethu, sihlanze igazi lethu, futhi sisigcine siphilile. Kodwa isikhathi esiningi, asicabangi kakhulu ngazo kuze kube yilapho kukhona okungahambi kahle. Mhlawumbe nawe uke waba nemilenze evuvukele futhi wazizwa sengathi uzofa. Lezi kungaba izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sezinso. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngendlela elula neqondile.
Iyiphi inkonzo enikezwa yizinso emizimbeni yethu?
Sonke sinezinso ezimbili. Zitholakala ohlangothini ngalunye lomhlane wethu, ngaphezu nje kokhalo lwethu. Indima yalezi zitho ezimbili ezincane ayiyona into encane.
Kalula nje, lonke igazi emzimbeni wethu lidlula kulezi zinso futhi lihlanzwa njalo ngemizuzu engama-30. Lokho kusho ukuthi cabanga nje ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka kangaki ngosuku!
Uma izinso ziphilile, zizokwenza lokhu okulandelayo:
| Imisebenzi eyinhloko yezinso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlunga imfucuza | Ubuthi obuqongelela egazini ngenxa yokudla esikudlayo, imithi esiyiphuzayo, kanye nemisebenzi yomzimba bukhishwa ngomchamo. |
| Ukulinganisela amanzi namaminerali | Ilawula inani lamanzi emzimbeni, igcine inani elidingekayo lamaminerali njenge-sodium ne-potassium, futhi isuse lawo asele. |
| Ukulawulwa komfutho wegazi | Ikhiqiza i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-renin, esiza ukulawula umfutho wegazi lethu. |
| Ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli abomvu egazi | Ikhiqiza i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-erythropoietin, eqondisa umzimba ukuthi wakhe amangqamuzana abomvu egazi. Yilokhu okuvimbela i-anemia. |
| Ukusebenza kwe-Vitamin D | Izinso ziguqula i-vitamin D, ebalulekile ekugcineni amathambo ethu eqinile, ibe sesimweni sayo esisebenzayo. |
Kodwa uma izinso zonakele , le nqubo ayisebenzi kahle. Ngemuva kwalokho imfucuza namanzi angaphezulu kuqala ukunqwabelana emzimbeni. Lokhu kungabangela izinto ezifana nokuvuvukala kwemilenze , isicanucanu , ubuthakathaka , ukuqwasha , kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula . Uma kungelashwa kahle, lo monakalo ungawohloka futhi izinso zingase zingaphumeleli ngokuphelele. Kungaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zesifo sezinso?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko zesifo sezinso . Ake sizibheke.
Isifo Sezinso Esingapheli (CKD)
Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. I-CKD yisimo lapho izinso zakho zilahlekelwa khona kancane kancane ikhono lazo lokuhlunga ubuthi kanye noketshezi oluningi egazini lakho. Akwenzeki konke ngesikhathi esisodwa, kodwa kukhula kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ingxenye eyingozi kakhulu yalokhu ukuthi azikho izimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala.
Ukwelashwa okufanele kunganciphisa ukuqhubeka kwalesi sifo. Uma singelashwa, lesi sifo singaqhubekela esifweni sezinso sokugcina (ESRD). Kungadingeka ukufakelwa izinso nge-dialysis. Isifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu yizimbangela ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-CKD.
Ezinye izinhlobo zesifo sezinso
- Isifo Sezinso Esibangelwa Yi-Polycystic: Lesi yisifo esibangelwa yizakhi zofuzo. Ama-cyst agcwele uketshezi akheka ezinso. Lokhu kunciphisa ikhono lezinso lokuhlunga imfucuza.
- I-Lupus Nephritis: I-Lupus yisifo esihlasela amasosha omzimba lapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela khona amangqamuzana anempilo. Lesi yisimo esenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela izinso.
- I-Glomerulonephritis:Ukulimala kwezihlungi ezincane (i-glomeruli) ezingaphakathi kwezinso. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi izinso ziyeke ukusebenza kahle. Lesi simo singavela nangemva kwezinhlobo ezithile zokutheleleka kwe-strep throat.
- I-Pyelonephritis: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo kusakazekela ezinso. Uma lokhu kwenzeka ngokuphindaphindiwe, kungabangela izibazi ezinso futhi kubangele umonakalo wesikhathi eside.
Yiziphi izimbangela zesifo sezinso?
Izimbangela zesifo sezinso zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili kuye ngokuthi lesi sifo senzeka kanjani.
1. Ukwehluleka kwezinso okungazelelwe (Ukulimala Kwezinso Okukhulu)
Yilapho izinso ziyeka ukusebenza ngokuzumayo. Izimbangela eziyinhloko zalokhu yilezi:
- Ukwehla kokugeleza kwegazi ezinso.
- Ukulimala okuqondile ezinso.
- Ukuvaleka kwezinso ngaphandle kokuphuma komchamo.
Lezi yizimo lapho izinto ezinjengalezi zingenzeka khona:
- Ingozi enkulu ebangela ukopha ngokweqile.
- Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni ngokweqile.
- Umzimba ushaqeka ngenxa yokutheleleka okukhulu (i-Sepsis).
- Ukuvaleka kwe-urethra ngenxa yamatshe omchamo noma indlala ye-prostate ekhuphukile.
- Ukuchayeka emithini ethile kanye namakhemikhali anobuthi.
- Izinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
2. Isifo Sezinso Esingapheli
Uma izinso zingasebenzi kahle isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu, odokotela bakubiza ngokuthi yi-Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Kunezimbangela ezimbili eziyinhloko zalokhu.
- Isifo Sikashukela: Isifo sikashukela esingalawulwa sibangela amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini isikhathi eside, okulimaza imithambo yegazi ethambile ezinso.
- Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme: Uma umfutho wegazi ukhuphuka, umfutho ubekwa emithanjeni yegazi ethwala igazi liye ezinso, bese ulimala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwemithi ethile yokudambisa izinhlungu (ikakhulukazi ama-NSAID njenge-ibuprofen), ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali athile anobuthi, kanye nezimo ezithile zokuzalwa nazo zingadala i-CKD.
Ubudlelwano phakathi kotshwala nezinso
Utshwala bucindezela kakhulu izinso, njengoba umsebenzi wazo uwukuhlunga ubuthi obungena emzimbeni. Uma uphuza utshwala, izinso zakho kufanele zisebenze kanzima kunokujwayelekile.
Ukuphuza ngokweqile kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezinso ngokuzumayo. Futhi, ukuphuza utshwala obuningi nsuku zonke kungabangela umfutho wegazi ophakeme, okungaholela esifweni sezinso sesikhathi eside.
Ziyini izimpawu zesifo sezinso?
Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, izinso ziyizitho ezingase zihlale zingenazo izimpawu kuze kube yilapho kwenzeka umonakalo omkhulu. Ngakho-ke,Ezimweni eziningi, kungase kungabi khona zimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala. Njengoba isifo siqhubeka, izimpawu ezifana nalezi:
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
- Ukudla akunambitheki.
- Ukunambitheka kwensimbi emlonyeni.
- Ukukhathala nobuthakathaka okuvamile.
- Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo.
- Izinkinga zokulala.
- Ukuqhaqhazela kwemisipha nobuhlungu.
- Ukuvuvukala kwezinyawo namaqakala.
- Ukulunywa kwesikhumba okuqhubekayo.
- Ubuhlungu besifuba (ngenxa yokuqongelela koketshezi oluzungeze inhliziyo).
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ngenxa yokuqongelela koketshezi emaphashini).
Uthola kanjani ukuthi unesifo sezinso?
Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokubuza ngomlando wezokwelapha womndeni wakho, imithi oyiphuzayo, nokuthi ngabe kube khona yini ushintsho endleleni yakho yokuchama. Ngemuva kwalokho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenziwa izivivinyo ezilandelayo:
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Hlola inani lemfucuza (njenge-urea ne-creatinine) egazini.
- Ukuhlolwa komchamo: Hlola izinto ezifana neprotheni emchameni ukuze ubone ukuthi kukhona yini umonakalo wezinso.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwezithombe: Udokotela angahlola isimo sezinso ngento efana ne-ultrasound scan.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwezinso: Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu ezinso bese uyithumela elabhorethri ukuze kutholakale imbangela eqondile yalesi sifo.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha isifo sezinso?
Ezinye izifo zezinso zingelapheka. Kodwa-ke, i-CKD, esivame ukukhuluma ngayo, iyisifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona esingelapheki ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, ngokwelashwa okufanele, lesi sifo singalawulwa futhi izinso zingasizwa ukuthi zisebenze isikhathi eside.
Udokotela wakho angakudlulisela kudokotela wezinzwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho.
1. Imithi
- Imithi yokucindezeleka kwegazi: Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ungabangela isifo sezinso, kanti isifo sezinso singabangela nomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi efana ne-ACE inhibitors noma ama-ARB. Lokhu kungasiza ekulawuleni umfutho wegazi wakho futhi kunciphise inani lamaprotheni emchameni wakho.
- Imithi yesifo sikashukela: Eminye imithi emisha yesifo sikashukela, njenge-dapagliflozin (Farxiga), itholakale inciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo sezinso, ngisho nakubantu abangenaso isifo sikashukela.
- Imithi yokwelapha i-anemia: Lapho i-hormone ye-erythropoietin ekhiqizwa yizinso incipha, ukulahlekelwa igazi kwenzeka (i-anemia). Kunemithi yokuyelapha.
Izinto okufanele uzigweme nakanjani: Uma unesifo sezinso, ungaphuzi noma yimuphi umuthi, ngisho nemithi yokubulala izinhlungu, ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho.Ama-NSAID okubulala ubuhlungu, ikakhulukazi i-ibuprofen ne-naproxen, angalimaza izinso. Khuluma nodokotela wakho bese ukhetha okulungele wena.
2. Ukudla
Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ukudla okukhethekile. Lokhu kusho ukudla okune-sodium eningi (usawoti), i-potassium, i-phosphate, futhi mhlawumbe ne-protein. Uma izinso zonakele, kunzima ukukhipha lezi zakhi zomzimba. Umgomo wokudla ukunciphisa umthwalo ezinso. Ngenxa yalokhu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko kudokotela wezokudla kwezinso, uchwepheshe wezifo zezinso.
3. Ukuhlanza nge-Dialysis
Uma izinso zingasasebenzi, zidinga usizo lomshini ukuze zenze umsebenzi wazo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-dialysis.
- I-Hemodialysis: Lokhu kuhilela umshini othatha igazi lakho, ulihlanze, bese ulibuyisela emzimbeni wakho.
- I-Peritoneal Dialysis: Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlanza igazi kusetshenziswa ulwelwesi lwesisu (ulwelwesi lwesisu).
Kunezinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kuzo zombili izindlela. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu kuwe.
4. Ukufakelwa Kwezinso
Lena yindlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha uma isifo sesiqhubekele phambili. Inso ehambisanayo evela kumuntu ophilile (ophilayo noma oshonile) ifakwa ngokuhlinzwa. Ngemva kokufakelwa okuphumelelayo, i-dialysis ayisadingeki. Kodwa-ke, kuzodingeka uthathe imithi impilo yakho yonke ukuvimbela umzimba wakho ukuthi wenqabe inso entsha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo sezinso yisifo esingabonakali esivame ukungabi nezimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala .
- Isifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu yizona zinto ezibangela ingozi enkulu yesifo sezinso. Uma unalezi zimo, zilawule.
- Uma useqenjini elisengozini, bona udokotela wakho njalo bese uthola ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo okudingekayo.
- Ungaqhubeki nokusebenzisa imithi yokubulala izinhlungu, ikakhulukazi ama-NSAID, ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
- Uma kutholakale ukuthi unesifo sezinso, ungesabi futhi ulandele imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo. Lokhu kungasiza ekulawuleni ukuqhubeka kwesifo.
Isifo Sezinso, Ukwehluleka Kwezinso, I-CKD, I-Dialysis, Ukufakelwa Kwezinso, Isifo Sikashukela Nezinso
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho