Uyazi ngale mbuthano encane ebuchosheni? (Isiyingi sikaWillis) Ake sixoxe ngalokhu!

Wake wezwa nge-'Circle of Willis'? Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho ukutshelile ngayo, noma uke wayibona embikweni wezokwelapha. Empeleni iyinxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yobuchopho bethu. Ifana nohlelo oluncane lokuphepha. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe kafushane ngokuthi iyini le '(Circle of Willis)' nokuthi yenzani, kulungile?

Iyini 'iCircle of Willis'?

Kulungile, pho iyini i-`(Circle of Willis)`? Kalula nje, iyisimiso semithambo yegazi esitholakala ngaphansi kobuchopho bethu, phansi. Simise okwendandatho, noma isimo esinhlangothi ezinhlanu (`(Pentagon)`) . Kunemithambo yegazi emibili eyinhloko enikeza ubuchopho bethu igazi elihlanzekile, elicebile ngo-oxygen. Omunye uhlelo lwe- `(Internal Carotid Artery)` , kanti omunye uhlelo lwe- `(Vertebral Artery)` . Ngakho-ke le `(Circle of Willis)` yilapho le mithambo yegazi emibili eyinhloko ixhumana khona. I-`(Internal Carotid Artery)` ngokuyinhloko inikeza igazi ngaphambili kobuchopho, kanti i-`(Vertebral Artery)` ngokuyinhloko inikeza igazi ngemuva kobuchopho.

Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'indandatho kaWillis' ngemuva kwesazi sezakhi zofuzo uThomas Willis. Nguye owasisiza sathola okuningi ngalesi sakhiwo. Sibizwa nangamanye amagama, isibonelo:

• ` (Umbuthano Wemithambo Yobuchopho)` (Umbuthano Wemithambo Yobuchopho)
• ` (Willis Polygon)` (Willis Polygon)
• ` (Uchungechunge lukaWillis)` (Uchungechunge lukaWillis)

Lokhu kufana 'nokuphepha okuphephile' kobuchopho bethu, indlela yokuphepha. Cabanga nje, uma omunye walezi zitsha ezimbili ezinkulu zegazi wonakele, isibonelo, ngenxa yokuqhuma komthambo wegazi ebuchosheni (i-Brain Aneurysm) noma isifo sohlangothi, enye indlela inganikeza igazi kuleyo ngxenye yobuchopho eyonakele ngale (Circle of Willis). Akumangalisi lokho?

Ingabe wonke umuntu (uCircle of Willis) uyafana? Noma ingabe kukhona umehluko?

Kodwa nansi into. Akuwona wonke umuntu one-"Circle of Willis" ephelele. Ngokusho kwabacwaningi, abantu abangaphansi kwengxenye abanayo yonke. Lokho kusho ukuthi kungase kube nezinguquko ezincane zesakhiwo kuyo. Uma lokho kwenzeka, sikubiza ngokuthi "Incomplete Circle of Willis" .

Kunezinguquko ezimbili ezivame kakhulu, ikakhulukazi emthanjeni wegazi obizwa ngokuthi i-Anterior Communicating Artery, etholakala ngaphambili kwe-Circle of Willis:

• Ukuhlangana kwegazi: Lokhu kungathinta abantu abangafika ku-21% wabantu bonke. Ukuhlangana kwegazi yilapho umthambo wegazi uhlukana kabili, uhambe ibanga elifushane, bese uhlangana futhi. Kufana nomgwaqo ohlukana kabili bese uhlangana futhi.
• `(Ukukopisha)` (Ukukopisha):Lokhu kuthinta abantu abangaba ngu-18%. "Ukuphindaphinda" kusho ukuthi imithambo yegazi emibili eqala ngokwahlukana ihlangana ndawonye ukuze yakhe umthambo wegazi owodwa.

Manje ungase ucabange, 'Kuthiwani uma i-Circle of Willis yami nayo ingaphelele?' Ungakhathazeki. Ngisho noma i-Circle of Willis yakho ingaphelele, ungaphila impilo enempilo ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Ngokuvamile ayithinti kakhulu ukusebenza kobuchopho bakho. Kodwa-ke, uma uba nesifo se-cerebrovascular, njengesihlava sohlangothi, khona-ke imiphumela yalokho kungapheleli ingaba nzima kakhulu. Lokhu akuyona into esingayishintsha ngamabomu. Lokhu kunqunywa yindlela imithambo yegazi yethu eyakheka ngayo ngesikhathi sesigaba sombungu , okungukuthi, ngesikhathi sisesesibelethweni.

Ivame kangakanani i-incomplete (Circle of Willis)?

Ngakho-ke, kuvame kangakanani lokhu okungaphelele `(Circle of Willis)`? Eqinisweni, abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kuvame kakhulu. Kodwa kunzima ukusho ukuthi kuvame kangakanani. Ngoba, akuwona wonke umuntu onesivivinyo `(Scan)` sobuchopho. Kuphela ngo `(Scan)` onjalo lapho uhlobo lwale `(Circle of Willis)` lungabonakala khona ngqo. Ngokusho kwezifundo ezahlukahlukene, le `(Circle of Willis)` ingase ingaphelele phakathi kwama-50% nama-90% abantu abadala . Lokho kusho ukuthi abantu abaningi banaso ngokushintsha okuncane.

Uyini ngempela umsebenzi we-Circle of Willis?

Manje ake sixoxe ngokucace kakhudlwana ngendima yale `(Circle of Willis)` futhi. Cabanga ngayo njenge `(Traffic Roundabout)` lapho imigwaqo eminingi ihlangana khona.

Umthambo ngamunye owakha i-`(Circle of Willis)` ufana nomgwaqo. Kunezindlela ezimbili ezinkulu `(Highway)`, okungukuthi, imigwaqo emibili ethwala igazi eliningi. Leyo uhlelo `(Internal Carotid Artery)` okukhulunywe ngalo ngaphambili, kanye nohlelo `(Vertebral Artery)`. Eminye imigwaqo emincane ku-`(Circle of Willis)` iyahlangana, yakha umjikelezo oxhuma kuleyo migwaqo emibili emikhulu futhi ivumela igazi (okungukuthi ithrafikhi) ukuthi ligeleze.

Inzuzo yalokhu ukuthi uma kuba khona 'ukuvimba umgwaqo' noma 'ingozi' ngokuzumayo kulowo mgwaqo omkhulu (okungukuthi, umthambo wegazi omkhulu ohambisa igazi ebuchosheni), omunye umgwaqo ungathumela igazi engxenyeni yobuchopho ethintekile ngale ndlela ejikelezayo. Kalula nje, ukuba ne-`(Circle of Willis)` ephelele kusho ukuthi kukhona umzila owengeziwe (`(Detour Route)`) ongasetshenziswa uma kukhona ukuvaleka noma inkinga.

Uma une-`(Circle of Willis)` ephelele, ingakuvikela ezimweni ezithile ezibucayi. Ikakhulukazi izifo ezithinta imithambo yegazi kule `(Circle of Willis)`. Isibonelo:

• Ukuqongelela kwamafutha emithanjeni yegazi (i-Atherosclerosis)
• Ukopha okuya ebuchosheni (isib., ngenxa yokulimala (Ukopha Okungaphakathi Kwekhanda))
• Isifo Semithambo Ye-Carotid / I-Carotid Artery Stenosis
• Ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi ebuchosheni (i-Central Nervous System Vasculitis)
• Umthambo wegazi oqhekekile ebuchosheni (i-Ruptured Brain Aneurysm)
• Isifo sohlangothi
• Ukuhlaselwa Kwe-Ischemic Yesikhashana (i-TIA) noma i-mini-stroke

Kodwa-ke, uma une-"Circle of Willis" engaphelele, umsebenzi wokuvikela walowo mbuthano awusebenzi kahle. Khona-ke, ezifweni ezihlobene nemithambo yegazi yobuchopho njengale, ingozi yokuthi imiphumela ibe mibi kakhulu iphakeme kancane, ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeka isifo sohlangothi.

Ikuphi le (Circle of Willis)?

Ungase futhi ufune ukwazi kahle ukuthi le `(Circle of Willis)` itholakala kuphi. Itholakala `(Base of Your Brain)`, esikhaleni esingaphandle kancane kwezicubu zobuchopho (`(Subarachnoid Space)`). Itholakala eduze kwesiqu se-`(Pituitary Gland)` yethu, ngaphansi nje kwe-`(Hypothalamus)`. Futhi, izinzwa zethu eziningana ze-cranial (`(Cranial Nerves)`) zidlula eduze kwale `(Circle of Willis)`.

Kufanele ngibuze nini udokotela ngalokhu (Circle of Willis)?

Manje ungase uzibuze, 'Ngizokuzwa nini ngale `(Circle of Willis)` kudokotela wami?' Nokho, kungaba nezizathu eziningana zalokho:

• Uma une-aneurysm yobuchopho: I-Circle of Willis ingenye yezindawo ezivame kakhulu ebuchosheni lapho kuvela khona ama-aneurysm. Abacwaningi bathi cishe ama-85% ama-aneurysm angaphakathi kwekhanda avela endaweni yokugeleza kwegazi phambi kwe-Circle of Willis.
• Uma une-stroke: I-stroke ingenzeka ngenxa yokuvaleka noma ukuphuma kwegazi emthanjeni wegazi ku-Circle of Willis.
• Uma unesifo seMoyamoya: Lesi yisimo sobuchopho esingavamile kakhulu. Kwenzeka lapho imithambo yegazi e-Circle of Willis yakho, ehlinzeka ngegazi ngaphambili kobuchopho bakho, incipha kancane kancane noma ivaleka.
• Uma une-'Subclavian Steal Syndrome': Lokhu kwenzeka lapho 'i-Subclavian Artery' yakho (umthambo we-axillary) incipha noma ivalekile. Bese 'iba' elinye igazi okufanele liye ebuchosheni bakho nge-'Vertebral Artery' yakho (umthambo wegazi omkhulu 'ku-Circle of Willis').
• Uma uhlinzwa ebuchosheni bakho: Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kule ngxenye yobuchopho bakho - isibonelo, ukwelapha i-aneurysm noma inkinga ngendlala yakho ye-pituitary - kunengozi encane yokulimala kwi-Circle of Willis yakho kanye nezingxenye ezibalulekile ezizungezile. Uma i-Circle of Willis ngokwayo yonakele, ingabangela ukuvaleka kokunikezwa kwegazi ebuchosheni (Brain Ischemia) noma ukulahlekelwa ngokuphelele kokunikezwa kwegazi (Infarction).
• Uma wenza ukuskena kobuchopho:Uma une-brain scan, njenge-cerebral angiogram noma i-brain MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), umbiko wakho ungafaka imininingwane mayelana ne-Circle of Willis kanye nesakhiwo sayo.

Kwenzekani uma i-(Circle of Willis) ivinjiwe?

Cabanga ukuthi bekuzokwenzekani uma bekukhona ukuvinjelwa noma kuphi kule `(Circle of Willis)`. Cishe, uma lokho kwenzeka, kungenzeka kube khona `(Stroke)`. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, uma une `(Circle of Willis)` ephelele, ingakuvikela ngezinga elithile ezimpawini ezinzima zesifo sohlangothi.

Iyini 'i-Circle of Willis Syndrome'?

Abanye odokotela kanye nemithombo yezokwelapha babhekisela ku-`(Isifo sikaMoyamoya)` okukhulunywe ngaso ngaphambilini ngokuthi `(Isiyingi se-Willis Syndrome)`. Elinye igama elithi `(Isifo sikaMoyamoya)` lithi `(Ukuvalelwa Okuzenzekelayo Kwesiyingi sikaWillis)`.

Yini esingayenza ukuze sigcine lokhu (Circle of Willis) kuphilile?

Ngakho-ke, yini esingayenza ukuze sigcine le "Circle of Willis" ebalulekile kanye neminye imithambo yegazi ebuchosheni iphilile? Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulawula izici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa isifo se-cerebrovascular uma unazo. Lezi zici eziyingozi yilezi:

• Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme
• I-Cholesterol Ephezulu
• Isifo Sikashukela (i-Diabetes Mellitus)`
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Ukucindezeleka Okungapheli
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• Ukubhema / Inkinga Yokusebenzisa I-Nicotine
• Inkinga Yokusebenzisa Utshwala

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela zokuphatha lezi zimo.

Masikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, pho yiziphi izinto ezibalulekile esizifundile kulokho esikhulume ngakho namuhla?

"I-Circle of Willis" iyisimiso esimangalisayo semithambo yegazi esisekelweni sobuchopho bethu esihlinzeka ngegazi ebuchosheni. Kufana nenetha lokuphepha.

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Akuwona wonke umuntu onakho lokhu okuphelele, futhi lokho kuyinto evamile. Akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho kakhulu uma kungaphelele, kodwa kwezinye izifo zobuchopho, ingozi ingaba phezulu kancane.

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Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuphila ngendlela egcina imithambo yegazi yobuchopho bethu iphilile futhi ivimbele izifo ezifana nesifo sohlangothi. Lokho kusho ukuthuthukisa imikhuba emihle nokulawula izici eziyingozi okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla.

Abantu abaningi bangase bangalokothi bezwe nge-'(Circle of Willis)' yabo. Kodwa-ke, uma unesifo sobuchopho, njenge-'(Aneurysm)' udokotela kungenzeka ukuthi ukhulume ngaso.Uma udokotela wakho eke washo igama lezokwelapha ongaliqondi, ungesabi ukucela incazelo. Unelungelo lokwazi ukuthi kwenzekani emzimbeni wakho.

Indandatho kaWillis, ukujikeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni, isifo sohlangothi, indandatho yemithambo yobuchopho, imithambo yegazi ebuchosheni, impilo yobuchopho, i-aneurysm