Ingabe nawe unezinkinga zokuzwa? Kungaba (Ukulahlekelwa Yizindlebe Okubangela Ukucindezeleka)!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi unenkinga yokuzwa okushiwoyo ngokucacile? Noma uzwa imisindo emincane ngaso sonke isikhathi? Mhlawumbe uzizwa sengathi izwi lakho liphakeme kakhulu? Uma lezi zinto zivamile kuwe, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lesi simo esikhuluma ngaso namuhla, esibizwa ngokuthi `(Conductive Hearing Loss)`. Ungakhathazeki, lokhu kuyinto engelashwa futhi yelapheke ezimweni eziningi.

Kuyini ``(Ukulahlekelwa Yizindlebe Okubangela Ukucindezeleka)``? Ake sikuqonde kalula, akunjalo?

Kalula nje, i-Conductive Hearing Loss yilapho kukhona ukuvinjelwa endleleni amaza omsindo ahamba ngayo esuka engxenyeni engaphandle yendlebe yakho aye endlebeni engaphakathi. Cabanga ngakho njengepayipi lamanzi elivaleka ndawana thize phakathi bese liyeka ukugeleza. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi umsindo awukwazi ukudlula kahle.

Indlebe yethu ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu: indlebe yangaphandle, indlebe ephakathi, kanye nendlebe yangaphakathi. Ukuze sizwe umsindo, amaza omsindo kumele adlule endlebeni yangaphandle, adlidlize ngamathambo amathathu amancane (abizwa nangokuthi ama-ossicles) endlebeni ephakathi, bese ekugcineni efika engxenyeni ezwelayo yendlebe yangaphakathi ebizwa ngokuthi i-cochlea. Ukulahlekelwa Ukuzwa Okuhambayo kwenzeka lapho kukhona ukuvinjelwa endaweni ethile kulo mzila womsindo, kungaba endlebeni yangaphandle noma endlebeni ephakathi. Lokhu kungabangela imisindo ephezulu ukuthi izwakale ingacacile noma ingacacile. Ngezinye izikhathi, imisindo ethule kakhulu ingase ingaphawulwa. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi Ukukhubazeka Kokuzwa Okuhambayo.

Lesi simo sivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane . Ucwaningo olulodwa luthole ukuthi cishe u-19% wezingane ezifunda esikoleni zinohlobo oluthile lokulahlekelwa ukuzwa, kanti u-93% wabo ubangelwa "ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa okubangelwa yi-Conductive Hearing Loss." Kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi akwenzeki nakubantu abadala. Abantu abadala nabo bangathola lesi simo. Ngezinye izikhathi kuba okwesikhashana, ngezinye izikhathi kuba unomphela. Futhi kungaba kusukela kokuncane kuya kokubi kakhulu. Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi ivame ukwelapheka ngokwelashwa.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-`(Conductive Hearing Loss)`

Izindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zingabonakala kulokhu:

1. `Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa okuhambisana nomgudu owodwa`: Lokhu kuthinta indlebe eyodwa kuphela.

2. `Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa okuhambisana nokulawula ukunyakaza kwamehlo`: Lokhu kuthinta zombili izindlebe.

Yiziphi izimpawu ze-`(Conductive Hearing Loss)`? Ingabe nawe unazo lezi?

Bheka ukuthi unanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu:

• Ukuzizwa ungalingani kahle lapho uhamba (lokhu kubangelwa izinkinga "ngohlelo lwe-Vestibular" endlebeni yethu yangaphakathi).
• Ukuzwa ubuhlungu endlebeni .
• Umuzwa wokucindezela noma isisindo ngaphakathi kwendlebe.
• Umsindo "wokuchofoza" endlebeni, noma umuzwa wokukhala .
• Ukuzwa imisindo endlebeni eyodwa noma zombili ezibonakala zingacacile futhi zingacacile .
• Kuzwakala sengathi ungalizwa izwi lakho kakhulu uma ukhuluma.

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kungcono ukubona udokotela.

Kungani sithuthukisa `(Ukulahlekelwa Yizindlebe Okubangela Ukucindezeleka)`? Ziyini izimbangela?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, lesi simo senzeka lapho amaza omsindo engakwazi ukufinyelela ku-`(Cochlea)` endlebeni yethu yangaphakathi. I-`(Cochlea)` yingxenye eyinhloko esisiza ukuzwa. Ngakho-ke, kunezizathu ezilula kanye nezizathu eziyinkimbinkimbi kancane ezingaphazamisa lokhu kudluliswa komsindo.

Nazi ezinye zezimbangela eziyinhloko zokulahlekelwa ukuzwa okubangelwa yi-conductive hearing:

• Ukuvaleka kwe-Earwax: Lokhu kuyimbangela evamile kakhulu. Uma i-earwax eningi iqoqana endlebeni futhi iba lukhuni, ivimba ukudlula komsindo.
• Izinto zangaphandle (fremdkörper) ezinamathele endlebeni: Lesi simo singase senzeke nalapho izingane ezincane, ikakhulukazi lapho zidlala, zibeka izinto ezifana nobuhlalu noma uphizi ezindlebeni zazo.
• Ukutheleleka kwendlebe: Ukutheleleka kwendlebe , ikakhulukazi lokho okwenzeka njalo futhi okungapholi (okungapheli), kungabangela uketshezi oluqongelelekayo endlebeni ephakathi, okuvimbe ukudluliselwa komsindo.
• Izimila zendlebe, ama-cyst, noma ezinye izinhlobo ezifana ne-"Cholesteatoma": Lezi zinto zingaphazamisa nomsindo uma zakheka ngaphakathi kwendlebe.
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwepayipi le-Eustachian: Leli payipi lixhumanisa indlebe yethu ephakathi nomphimbo wethu. Uma lingasebenzi kahle, ingcindezi endlebeni ephakathi ingashintsha futhi uketshezi lunganqwabelana.
• Ukwakheka koketshezi endlebeni ephakathi ngenxa yezinto ezifana nomkhuhlane: Lapho uketshezi luqongelela, uketshezi lungaqongelela endlebeni ephakathi futhi luphazamise ukuzwa.
• I-Otosclerosis: Lesi yisimo lapho ukukhula kwamathambo okungajwayelekile kwenzeka khona eduze kwamathambo amancane endlebeni ephakathi. Lokhu kuphazamisa ukudlidliza kwalawo mathambo futhi kuphazamisa ukudluliselwa komsindo.
• I-eardrum ephukile: I-eardrum ingaqhuma uma kukhona ukushaywa okukhulu endlebeni noma lapho ukutheleleka kwendlebe kuba kubi kakhulu.

Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane ukutheleleka kwendlebe okuvamile nokufaka izinto endlebeni . Kwabantu abadala , lesi simo sivame ukubangelwa ukulimala kwendlebe noma esinye isimo sempilo .

Izici Zengozi Ezandisa Ingozi Yokulahlekelwa Yizindlebe Okubangela Ukucindezeleka

Kunezinto ezithile ezingandisa ingozi yokuthola "Ukulahlekelwa Yizindlebe Okubangela Ukucindezeleka". Uma zingelashwa kahle, lezi zimo zingaholela ekulahlekelweni kokuzwa unomphela.

• Ukukhubazeka kwendlebe okubangelwa ukuzalwa: Lesi simo singabangelwa izinkinga zokuzalwa ezifana ne-`(Microtia)` (ukuthuthukiswa okungalungile kwe-earlobe) kanye ne-`(Atresia)` (ukungabikho noma ukuthuthukiswa okungalungile komsele wendlebe).
• Ukutheleleka kwendlebe okungapheli: Uma uketshezi luqoqana endlebeni ephakathi futhi luqhubeka ngaphandle kokuphulukiswa, ingozi yokulahlekelwa ukuzwa okuhambayo iyanda.
• Umonakalo wesakhiwo endlebeni: Amathambo amathathu amancane (ama-ossicles) ezindlebeni zethu aqhuba umsindo angonakala, kungaba ngenxa yokulimala endlebeni noma isimo esifana ne-otosclerosis.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani ukulahleka kokuzwa okubangelwa yi-conductive hearing?

Uma unenkinga yokuzwa, isinyathelo sakho sokuqala kufanele kube ukubona udokotela wezindlebe, impumulo, nomphimbo (udokotela wamehlo) . Uzokuhlola. Uzobuza ngezimpawu zakho nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini emndenini wakho oke waba nezinkinga ezifanayo. Isibonelo, ungase ubuzwe imibuzo efana nale:

• "Waqala nini ukuqaphela ukuthi ulahlekelwa ukuzwa?"
• "Ingabe lokhu kwenzeke ngokuzumayo, noma kwanda kancane kancane?"
• "Ingabe uhlangothi olulodwa lunethonya elikhulu kunelinye?"
• "Wake waba nokutheleleka kwendlebe ngaphambili?"
• "Ingabe uzwa ubuhlungu, ingcindezi, noma ukukhala endlebeni yakho?"
• "Ingabe ukhona emndenini wakho onenkinga yokuzwa?"

Udokotela uzobe esehlola ingaphandle lendlebe yakho ngokuyibheka ngaphakathi bese eyithinta. Uzosebenzisa ithuluzi elincane elikhanyayo elibizwa ngokuthi i-otoscope ukuze abheke ngaphakathi kwendlebe ukuze ahlole noma yikuphi ukuvinjelwa noma noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka esakhiweni sendlebe.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuze kutholakale ngokunembile lesi simo?

Ngemva kokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, udokotela we-otolaryngologist noma udokotela wezindlebe uzokucela ukuthi wenze izivivinyo eziningana zokuzwa . Ezinye zazo zifaka:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-acoustic reflex: Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi umsipha omncane endlebeni yakho ephakathi usabela kanjani emisindweni ephezulu.
• Ukuhlolwa kokuqhuba amathambo: Lokhu kuthumela umsindo ngqo endlebeni yakho yangaphakathi futhi kusiza ekunqumeni ukuthi hlobo luni lokulahlekelwa ukuzwa olunakho.
• Ukukhishwa kwe-Otoacoustic (OAEs): Lokhu kulinganisa ukudlidliza okuhlobene nemisindo evela endlebeni yakho yangaphakathi ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini okukuvimbayo.
• `(I-audiometry yethoni emsulwa)`: Lokhu kungathola ukuthi yimuphi umsindo ophansi kakhulu ongawuzwa ezipikheni ezahlukene.
• `(I-audiometry yenkulumo)`: Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi ungawabona kahle kangakanani amagama nokuthi yimaphi amagama athule kakhulu ongawaphinda.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Tuning fork: Ukuhlolwa okufana nokuhlolwa kwe-Rinne kanye nokuhlolwa kuka-Weber kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi unenkinga yokuzwa ebangela ukucindezeleka noma olunye uhlobo lokulahlekelwa ukuzwa, okubizwa ngokuthi ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa kwe-sensorineural.
• I-Tympanometry: Lokhu kulinganisa ukuthi i-eardrum yakho ihamba kanjani futhi isabela kanjani emsindweni.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zivivinyo zokuzwa, udokotela angadinga futhi ukwenza okulandelayo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwemizwa ye-cranial
• Ukuhlolwa kwekhanda nentamo
• Izikena ezifana `(MRI (magnetic resonance imaging))` noma `(CT scan (computed tomography scan))`.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha `(Ukulahlekelwa Yizindlebe Okubangela Ukucindezeleka)`?

Ukwelashwa okufanele kuzoncika embangela yokulahlekelwa kwakho ukuzwa. Kuye ngesimo sakho, ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa okubangelwa yi-conductive kungase kuphathwe ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

• Ukuqapha okusebenzayo: Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angase aqale akuncome "ukulinda ngokuqaphela." Lokhu kusho ukuthi bazoqapha ukuzwa kwakho isikhashana. Uma ukuzwa kwakho kuba kubi kakhulu, bazokwakha uhlelo lokwelashwa.
• Izinsiza zokuzwa: Izinsiza zokuzwa kanye namadivayisi afanayo okusiza angakusiza ukuthi uzwe kangcono ngokukhulisa nokuguqula umsindo.
• Imithi: Uma ukulahlekelwa kwakho ukuzwa kubangelwa ukutheleleka, kungadingeka ukuthi uphuze imithi. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza yona ngendlela yamaconsi endlebe noma amaphilisi.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Uma isimila, i-cyst, noma okunye ukukhula kuvimbela umsindo ukuthi ungafinyeleli endlebeni yangaphakathi, kungadingeka ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe. Kungadingeka futhi ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe amathambo amancane (ama-ossicles) alimele endlebeni.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kukhona ukwelashwa kwalesi simo. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngaphandle kokwesaba.

Liyini ikusasa lalabo abanesifo sokuzwa esibangela ukucindezeleka? (Outlook)

Lesi simo sivame ukuba ngcono ngokwelashwa. Ukulahlekelwa Ukuzwa Okubangela Ukucindezeleka Ngokuvamile kungalapheka, noma okungenani kuthuthukiswe kakhulu, ngemithi, izinsiza zokuzwa, noma ukuhlinzwa.

Ingabe ukulahleka kokuzwa okubangelwa yi-conductive hearing kungavinjelwa?

Ukulahlekelwa Yizindlebe Okubangela Ukucindezeleka Akunakuvinjelwa ngaso sonke isikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma kubangelwa ukukhula okungavamile kwamathambo endlebe noma inkinga yokuzalwa ngesakhiwo sendlebe. Kodwa-ke, ungenza okulandelayo ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho:

• Ungafaki lutho endlebeni. Ngisho nama-cotton swabs awalungile.
• Uma uhlaselwa yisifo sendlebe, funa ukwelashwa ngokushesha.
• Bonana nodokotela njalo bese uhlola ukuzwa kwakho.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma unanoma yikuphi kwalokhu, tshela udokotela ngokushesha :

• Uma ukuzwa kwakho kuya ngokuya kuba kubi kancane kancane .
• Uma ulahlekelwa ukuzwa ngokuzumayo (ikakhulukazi endlebeni eyodwa).
• Ngaphezu kwezinkinga zokuzwa, uma kunezinye izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu bendlebe, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukungazweli, kanye nobuthakathaka .

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma une-`(Conductive Hearing Loss)`, kungumqondo omuhle ukubuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• "Hlobo luni lokwelashwa engiludingayo?"
• "Yimiphi imiphumela engingayilindela ekwelashweni?"
• "Kuzodingeka ngibuye kangaki ukuze ngithole ukuhambela okulandelayo?"
• "Ingabe ukuzwa kwami ​​​​kungaqhubeka nokuba kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?"
• "Yiziphi ezinye izinsiza ozincomayo?"

Ukulahlekelwa Yizindlebe Okubangela Ukucindezeleka Kungenza impilo ibe nzima kancane. Kungase kuzwakale sengathi ingoma oyithandayo noma umsindo wezinyoni ezikhala ngaphandle uyaphela kancane kancane. Kuvamile ukuzizwa udabukile, wesaba, uthukuthele, futhi ukhungathekile ngalokhu. Kodwa kunezindaba ezinhle: Ukulahlekelwa Yizindlebe Okubangela Ukucindezeleka Kuvame ukuphulukiswa ngokwelashwa. Uma uthola ngokushesha ukuthi yini ebangela lokhu, amathuba akho okuthola ukuzwa ayanda. Uma ucabanga ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho ningase nibe nokulahlekelwa Yizindlebe Okubangela Ukucindezeleka, bona udokotela ngokushesha.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, manje usunokuqonda okuhle nge-`(Conductive Hearing Loss)` esikhulume ngayo namuhla. Nazi izinto eziyinhloko okufanele uzikhumbule:

• Ukulahlekelwa Ukuzwa Okuhambayo kwenzeka lapho umsindo uvinjelwa ukufinyelela endlebeni yakho yangaphakathi.
• Izizathu eziningi zingathinta lokhu, njenge-earwax, izifo, into engena endlebeni, kanye nezinkinga ngesakhiwo sendlebe.
• Lokhu kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane, kodwa kungakhula nakubantu abadala.
• Uma uzizwa unciphile ukuzwa, ubuhlungu, noma ukucindezeleka ezindlebeni zakho, ungakushayi indiva lokho.
• Into ebalulekile ukuthi kukhona izindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zalesi simo. Uma ufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha, ungalulama ngokuphelele.
• Ungafaki lutho endlebeni yakho uma uyihlanza. Uma uthola ukutheleleka endlebeni, funa ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Izindlebe zakho ziyigugu kakhulu, ngakho-ke zinakekele. Uma unokungabaza okuthile, ungalibali ukuya kudokotela.

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