Ngesikhathi udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi wenze i-CT scan, ingabe wazizwa wesaba noma unelukuluku? "Kuyini lokhu? Ingabe kuzokulimaza? Kungani kwenziwa lokhu?" Cishe unemibuzo eminingi efika engqondweni yakho. Empeleni kuvamile kakhulu. Abantu abaningi abazi okuningi ngalokhu. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalokhu CT scan ngendlela elula kakhulu ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-CT scan?
Ukuskena kwe-CT, uma sikhuluma iqiniso, kuyisikeni se-'Computed Tomography'. Lokhu kuhlolwa okukhethekile kwezokwelapha okusetshenziselwa ukubona izinto ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu, njengezitho zomzimba, amathambo, nemithambo yegazi, ngokucacile. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa nge-'X-ray' evamile. Lokhu kuskena kwe-CT kuyindlela yokuthatha izithombe zemizimba yethu kusetshenziswa uhlobo olufanayo lwemisebe ye-'X-ray', kodwa ngendlela ethuthuke kakhulu.
Cabanga ngesinkwa. Njengoba nje sisika isinkwa, i-CT scanner ithatha izithombe eziningi ezihlukaniswe izingxenye ezithile zomzimba wethu. Bese, ikhompyutha ihlanganisa zonke lezi zithombe ezifana nezingcezu ndawonye ukuze idale isithombe esicacile sezinhlangothi ezintathu (3D) salokho okungaphakathi emzimbeni wethu. Lokhu kuvumela udokotela ukuthi athole kahle ukuthi yini engalungile emzimbeni wakho.
Ubukeka kanjani umshini we-CT scan?
Lona umshini ovame ukubunjwa njengedonathi enkulu. Uzolaliswa etafuleni phakathi komshini. Ngemuva kwalokho, njengoba itafula lingena kancane kancane emshinini, idivayisi ethi "X-ray" engaphakathi komshini ijikeleza umzimba wakho futhi ithathe izithombe. Kuvamile ukuzwa umsindo omncane othi "gho... gho..." phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-CT, i-MRI kanye ne-PET scans?
Abantu abaningi bayadideka phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezintathu zokuskena. Nakuba zonke ezintathu ziyizivivinyo ezibukeka ngaphakathi emzimbeni, indlela ezisebenza ngayo nalokho ezingakubona kuhlukile. Ake sibheke leli thebula ukuze siqonde umehluko ngokucacile.
| Uhlobo lokuskena | Indlela esebenza ngayo | Ivame ukusetshenziselwani? |
|---|---|---|
| I-CT Scan | Izithombe ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu (3D) zenziwa kusetshenziswa ama-X-ray kanye nekhompyutha. | Ukuthola ukwaphuka kwamathambo, izimila ezinomdlavuza, ukopha kwangaphakathi, amahlule egazi, ukulimala kobuchopho nomgogodla, njll. Kuwusizo kakhulu uma kwenzeka ingozi. |
| Iskeni se-MRI | Isebenzisa amandla kazibuthe anamandla kanye namagagasi omsakazo. Ayisebenzisi ama-X-ray. | Ukuthola izifo (ngisho nomdlavuza ongenakutholakala nge-CT) zezitho ezifana nezicubu ezithambile, amalunga, ubuchopho, inhliziyo nesibindi. |
| Ukuskena kwezilwane ezifuywayo | Izithombe zenziwa ngokufaka ikhemikhali enemisebe (i-radiotracer) emzimbeni bese kulinganiswa umsebenzi we-metabolic wamaseli. | Isetshenziselwa ukuthola ukusebenza kwamaseli omdlavuza, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sobuchopho, njll. esiteji sokuqala kakhulu. Isetshenziselwa futhi ukubona ukuthi isifo sesisabalele yini. |
Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa kwe-CT? Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani?
Kuzodingeka ukuthi uhlolwe esibhedlela noma emtholampilo okhethekile we-radiology.
Udokotela cishe uzokutshela ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze lutho amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuskena. Kuzodingeka ugqoke ingubo ekhethekile enikezwe yisibhedlela bese ususa zonke izinto zokuhlobisa zensimbi, njengezindandatho, imigexo, namasongo.
Uchwepheshe we-radiology uzokwenza lokhu kuhlolwa. Uzolala embhedeni wesikena bese uqondiswa kancane kancane emshinini. Kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale unganyakazi phakathi nalesi sikhathi, unganyakazi kakhulu . Uma unyakazi, izithombe zingase zingacaci. Ngezinye izikhathi uzocelwa ukuthi ubambe umoya wakho isikhashana.
Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kuthatha isikhathi eside. Kodwa empeleni, ukuskena kuthatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela. Kodwa-ke, yonke inqubo ingathatha cishe imizuzu engama-30, kufaka phakathi nokulungiselela. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma uphuza uketshezi olukhethekile (umehluko), kungathatha isikhathi eside ngoba ludinga ukusatshalaliswa emzimbeni wonke.
Kuyini i-CT scan ene-contrast?
Ama-CT scan angabona kalula izinto eziqinile emizimbeni yethu, njengamathambo. Kodwa izicubu ezithambile, njengesibindi namathumbu, ngezinye izikhathi azibonakali ngokucacile.
Kulezi zimo, odokotela basebenzisa udayi okhethekile ukuze benze izitho noma imithambo yegazi ibonakale icacile esithombeni. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'izinto eziphambene.' Uma lokhu kufakwa emzimbeni, kubonakala kumhlophe kuskeni, okwenza izitho zibonakale kakhulu.
Kunezindlela eziningana zokunikeza lo 'mehluko' emzimbeni:
- Umjovo: Ukufakwa ngqo emthanjeni. Le ndlela isetshenziselwa ukuhlola izinto ezifana nemithambo yegazi, uhlelo lomchamo, kanye nesibindi.
- Ngomlomo: Ngokuyinika njengoketshezi lokuphuza. Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukuhlola izinto ezifana nomgudu wokugaya ukudla kanye namathumbu.
- Njenge-enema: Uma amathumbu amakhulu eskeniwa, afakwa emzimbeni nge-anus.
Ngemva kokuskena, udokotela uzokweluleka ukuthi uphuze amanzi amaningi ukuze asize i-contrast agent iphume emzimbeni wakho ngokushesha.
Yini engayitholwa yi-CT scan? Ingabe ingawuthola umdlavuza?
Yebo, i-CT scan ingabona izimo eziningi, okuhlanganisa nomdlavuza. Odokotela batusa lokhu kuskena ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene.
- Izinto ezifana nokuqhekeka okuyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezimila zamathambo.
- Gada izinguquko ezimweni ezifana nesifo senhliziyo, isifo samaphaphu (i-emphysema), kanye nezimila zesibindi.
- Thola ukulimala kwangaphakathi kanye nokopha kwegazi okwenzeka engozini.
- Thola indawo eqondile yesimila, ihlule legazi, ukutheleleka, noma uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni.
- Njengesiqondiso sokuhlela ukuhlinzwa noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe.
Indima ye-CT scans ekutholeni umdlavuza
I-CT scan iwusizo olukhulu ekuxilongeni ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza.
- Ukuthola indawo lapho kukhona khona isimila somdlavuza.
- Ukunikeza ulwazi lokunquma isigaba somdlavuza.
- Ukukhetha indawo efanele kakhulu yokuhlolwa kwe-biopsy.
- Ukubona ukuthi umdlavuza ubuyile yini ngemva kokwelashwa.
- Ukubona ukuthi ukwelashwa okunikeziwe kuphumelele yini.
Isibonelo, ama-CT scan asebenza kahle kakhulu ekutholeni umdlavuza wamaphaphu, izinso, isinye, isibeletho kanye nomdlavuza wesisu.
Ingabe zikhona izingozi nemiphumela emibi?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha, i-CT scan inengozi ethile, kodwa iphansi kakhulu .
- Ingozi Yokushiswa Kwemisebe: Ama-CT scan asebenzisa ama-X-ray, aziwa nangokuthi imisebe ye-ionizing. Izifundo zibonise ukuthi ukuchayeka isikhathi eside kulo msebe kungabangela umdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi inani lemisebe ekhishwa yi-CT scan lincane kakhulu, ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza nge-scan eyodwa incane kakhulu, cishe eyodwa kwezingu-2,000.Ngokuvamile, izinzuzo zokuhlolwa zidlula kakhulu umonakalo wokungabi nakho. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.
- Abesifazane abakhulelwe nezingane ezincane: Uma ukhulelwe, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho . Uma uhlolwa, ikakhulukazi isisu, ungase unikezwe enye indlela, njengokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound, okungasebenzisi imisebe. Uma uhlolwa ingane encane, kuwumqondo omuhle ukubuza udokotela noma uchwepheshe ukuthi izinga lemisebe yomshini lilungisiwe yini ukuze livumelane nabo.
- Ukungezwani komzimba nokungafani: Abanye abantu bangaba nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba nodayi wokungezwani komzimba. Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu kuyimiphumela emincane, njengokulunywa noma ukuqubuka kwesikhumba. Akuvamile kakhulu, ukusabela okukhulu okungasongela impilo kungenzeka. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abasebenzi bezokwelapha bazokuqapha isikhashana ngemuva kokuskena. Uma une-allergy yemithi, ukudla kwasolwandle, noma i-iodine, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuskena.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa udokotela wakho uma unesifo sikashukela futhi uphuza imithi efana neMetformin, noma uma unesifo sezinso.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-CT scan iyisivivinyo sezokwelapha esiwusizo kakhulu nesithuthukisiwe esingathola izithombe ze-three-dimensional (3D) zangaphakathi lomzimba wethu.
- Lena inqubo engenabuhlungu futhi ivame ukuphela ngokushesha.
- Lokhu kusiza ekutholeni izimo eziningi zezokwelapha, njengokuphuka kwamathambo, ukopha kwangaphakathi, amahlule egazi, kanye nomdlavuza.
- Ingozi yokukhishwa kwemisebe iphansi kakhulu, kodwa vula umlomo nodokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka onakho.
- Uma ukhulelwe, une-allergies, noma unezinye izimo zezokwelapha (ikakhulukazi isifo sezinso noma isifo sikashukela), qiniseka ukuthi wazisa udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokwenza i-scan.
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