Uma ukhuluma ngokucindezeleka, noma uma uya kudokotela, amanye amagama azwakala engajwayelekile kithi. Ngezinye izikhathi la magama ayinkimbinkimbi kancane, futhi angaba yinto eyethusayo kancane. Uzibuza ukuthi, "Kuyini lokhu?" Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngencazelo elula yala magama avame ukusetshenziswa maqondana nokucindezeleka. Lokhu kufana nesichazamazwi esincane, kodwa kulula kakhulu, ngolimi mina nawe esingaluqonda.
Okokuqala, ake sibone, kuyini ukucindezeleka kanye nezimo eziyinhloko ezihambisana nakho?
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweyodwa zokucindezeleka. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene namazinga alo. Ake sibheke ezimbalwa zazo.
- Ukucindezeleka: Kalula nje, lokhu akuyona nje umuzwa wokudabuka noma wokukhathazeka. Kuyisimo esithinta imizimba yethu, imizwa yethu, kanye nemicabango yethu. Indlela esidla ngayo, indlela esilala ngayo, indlela esizicabanga ngayo, kanye nendlela esibheka ngayo izinto konke kungashintsha.
- Ukucindezeleka Okukhulu: Lokhu yilokho esivame ukukubiza ngokuthi 'ukucindezeleka kwezokwelapha'. Lesi simo kumele siqhubeke okungenani amasonto amabili elandelana. Futhi, kumele sibe sezingeni eliphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke. Izimpawu ezifana nokukhathala ngokweqile, ukuntuleka kwamandla, kanye nomuzwa wokuphelelwa yithemba nganoma yini zivamile.
- Isifo Sokucindezeleka Okuqhubekayo / Isifo Sokucindezeleka Okuqhubekayo: Cabanga nje, abanye abantu banomuzwa oqhubekayo wokudabuka nokungabi nandaba nanoma yini iminyaka eminingi. Akukubi njengokucindezeleka okukhulu, kodwa kuhlala isikhathi eside. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukujabula noma ukusebenza kahle. Nakuba lokhu kwakubizwa ngokuthi `(Dysthymia)`, manje imithi yesimanje ibiza lesi simo ngokuthi `(Isifo Sokucindezeleka Okuqhubekayo)` uma sihlanganiswa nokucindezeleka okukhulu okuhlala iminyaka engaphezu kwemibili.
- Isifo Sokucindezeleka Okubangelwa Yi-Bipolar: Ngaphambilini esaziwa ngokuthi 'ukucindezeleka kwe-Manic' , lesi yisimo lapho isimo sengqondo sishintshashintsha phakathi kwezindlela ezimbili ezibucayi. Okusho ukuthi, ngesinye isikhathi umuntu ucindezeleke kakhulu, kanti ngesinye isikhathi ujabule kakhulu futhi unomdlandla. Lesi simo sokujabula sibizwa ngokuthi i-mania .
- Ukucindezeleka Kwangemva Kokubeletha: Lesi yisimo sokucindezeleka esenzeka komama abasha ngemva kokubeletha. Ngemva kokubeletha, omama abaningi babhekana nezinsuku ezimbalwa zokudabuka nokushintshashintsha kwemizwelo okwaziwa ngokuthi "i-baby blues." Kodwa-ke, ukucindezeleka kwangemva kokubeletha kuyisimo esibi kakhulu. Kudinga ukwelashwa futhi umama omusha udinga amandla engqondo amahle nokusekelwa.
- Isifo Sokuthinteka Kwezinkathi (i-SAD): Abanye abantu babhekana nokucindezeleka ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sezimvula kanye nobusika. Lesi simo siyanyamalala lapho ilanga libuya futhi kufika isikhathi sasehlobo. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukuncipha kokukhanya kwelanga.
Amanye amagama ambalwa ahlobene nesimo sengqondo
Kuneminye imizwa nezimo ezihambisana nokucindezeleka.
Ukuphazamiseka Kokukhathazeka: Lesi futhi yisimo esingapheli. Ukukhathazeka kukhulu kangangokuthi kuphazamisa impilo yansuku zonke. Abantu abaningi abanokucindezeleka bangase babe nalesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi ukukhathazeka.
- I-Mania kanye ne-Hypomania: Lokhu kuyingxenye ye-Bipolar Disorder. I-Mania yisikhathi sokuzizwa unamandla aphezulu, injabulo ephezulu, noma intukuthelo ephezulu. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ungase ungakwazi ukulala futhi ungenza ngokuphamazela. Lokhu kungaba nzima kangangokuthi kungathinta impilo yomuntu. Ungase futhi ube nokubona izinto ezingekho. I-Hypomania uhlobo lwe-mania oluthambile nolungelubi kangako.
- Ukuhlaselwa Uvalo: Lokhu kuwumuzwa osheshayo, ojulile wokwesaba noma ukukhathazeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile, okuhambisana nezimpawu zomzimba ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukujuluka, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula.
Lezi zinto zenzeka kanjani? Uhlangothi lwezokwelapha
Ukucindezeleka akusikho ubuthakathaka bengqondo. Kunezimbangela zebhayoloji.
- Ama-neurotransmitter: Kalula nje, lawa yizithunywa zamakhemikhali ebuchosheni bethu. Asetshenziselwa ukudlulisa imiyalezo phakathi kwamangqamuzana obuchopho. I-Serotonin ne-norepinephrine yizinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-neurotransmitter. Imithi eminingi yokucindezeleka isebenza ngokushintsha amazinga noma umsebenzi wala makhemikhali.
- I-Hypothyroidism: Lesi yisimo lapho i-thyroid gland ingakhiqizi khona i-hormone ye-thyroid eyanele. Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nokucindezeleka, ukukhathala, kanye nokukhuluphala. Ngakho-ke, ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kuhlolwe amazinga e-hormone ye-thyroid yakho.
Ngingathola usizo kubani?
Kukhona ochwepheshe abafanelekayo abafuna usizo kulesi simo. Kunomehluko omncane phakathi kwalokhu okubili.
- Udokotela Wezifo Zengqondo: Lona udokotela (MD noma DO) ogxile ezifweni zengqondo. Ngenxa yokuthi ungudokotela, angakunikeza imithi, njengemithi yokucindezeleka. Abanye odokotela bezifo zengqondo nabo banikeza ukwelashwa kwengqondo.
- Isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo: Lona uchwepheshe ongeyena udokotela (MD), kodwa othole ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile (PhD noma PsyD) ekwelapheni izifo zengqondo nezemizwa. Ngokuyinhloko basebenzisa ukwelashwa kokukhuluma (Psychotherapy).Baqeqeshwe futhi ukwenza izinto ezifana nokuhlolwa kwe-IQ kanye nokuhlolwa kobuntu.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Ngenhlanhla, ukucindezeleka kuyisimo esingelashwa futhi singelapheki.
Ukwelashwa ngenkulumo
- Ukwelapha Ngengqondo: Okubizwa nangokuthi "ukwelapha ngokukhuluma," lokhu kuhilela ukukhuluma nochwepheshe wezokwelapha oqeqeshiwe ukuthola izixazululo zezinkinga zakho zengqondo noma zemizwa. Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu.
Imithi (izidakamizwa)
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zemithi yokwelapha ukucindezeleka. Le mithi inikezwa udokotela kuphela ngemva kokuhlolwa kahle kwesimo sakho.
| Uhlobo lwesidakamizwa | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Umuthi wokucindezeleka | Lezi yizinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi esetshenziswa ukwelapha ukucindezeleka. Zisebenza ngokulinganisela i-chemistry yobuchopho. |
| Ama-SSRI (Ama-Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) | Lolu uhlobo oluvame ukusetshenziswa lwe-antidepressant. Izibonelo: i-fluoxetine, i-sertraline, i-escitalopram . Lokhu kwandisa amazinga e-serotonin ebuchosheni. |
| Ama-MAOI (ama-Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors) | Lena uhlobo lomuthi oludala, oluvame ukunikezwa ukucindezeleka okukhulu. Kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu ngalokho okudlayo nokuphuzayo lapho uthatha le mithi. |
| Izinzisi Zokuzizwa Kwengqondo | Lezi zivame ukusetshenziswa kwisifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo esiguquguqukayo . Zisiza ekulawuleni ukushintshashintsha kwemizwelo. Izibonelo: i-lithium, i-valproate. |
Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezithile
- Ukwelashwa Nge-Electroconvulsive (ECT): Leli gama lingase lizwakale lesabisa kwabanye, kodwa manje sekuyindlela yokwelapha ethuthukisiwe kakhulu, ephephile, futhi ephumelelayo enikezwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia (ngemuva kokuba ulele ngokuphelele). Lisetshenziswa kubantu abanokucindezeleka okukhulu abangaphenduli emithini, noma lapho kudingeka imiphumela esheshayo.
- Ukwelashwa Okukhanyayo/Ukwelashwa Ngezithombe: Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ngqo ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa kwesizini (i-SAD). Kuhilela ukuchayeka nsuku zonke esibanini esikhethekile esikhanya kakhulu kunezibani zasekhaya, futhi esifana nokukhanya kwelanga.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukucindezeleka akusona ubuthakathaka, kuyisifo sangempela esingelapheka.
- Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enalezi zimpawu, ungesabi ukukhuluma ngazo.
- Udokotela wezifo zengqondo angakunikeza imithi, kanti udokotela wezifo zengqondo ikakhulukazi unikeza ukwelashwa kokukhuluma. Bobabili bangochwepheshe abangakusiza.
- Kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha. Imithi, ukwelashwa kwengqondo, noma inhlanganisela yakho kokubili kungasebenza kahle.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ngalokhu, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho . Ungathola iseluleko nosizo olungcono kakhulu lapho.
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