Ingabe ingane yakho ayiwuthandi ngempela umsebenzi wesikole? Ingabe iyadinwa uma uyinika umsebenzi wesikole, noma imane iyeke bese iphunyuka ngaphandle kwesizathu? Ingabe isala ngemuva kwabanye abantwana ekilasini? Esikhathini esiningi, njengabazali, sicabanga ukuthi ingane yenza lokhu ngenxa yokudinwa noma ukwenza okubi. Kodwa lokho akuvamile ukuba njalo. Mhlawumbe isizathu salokhu ukukhubazeka kokufunda esingazi ngakho. Ukuqaphela lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ngekusasa lengane.
Kuyini ukukhubazeka kokufunda?
Kalula nje, ukukhubazeka kokufunda kuyinkinga endleleni umuntu athola, aqonda futhi acubungula ngayo ulwazi. Akubangelwa yinoma yisiphi isifo sobuhlakani noma ubuchopho bengane.
Khumbula le nto ebaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba nokukhubazeka kokufunda akusho ukuthi ingane yakho "iyisiwula" noma "iyavilapha. " Eqinisweni, laba bantwana bangaba nobuhlakani obukhulu. Ukuthi nje indlela ababona, abazwa, nabaqonda ngayo izinto ihlukile kancane kweyabanye.
Njengoba nje abanye abantu bengakwazi ukubona kahle ngaphandle kwezibuko, laba bantwana badinga nosizo oluncane ngobuchopho babo ukuze basebenzise ulwazi. Lokhu kungenza izinto ezifana nokunaka ekilasini noma ukufundela ukuhlolwa kube yinselele enkulu kubo.
Futhi, izimo ezifana ne-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) kanye ne-Autism Spectrum Disorders zihlukile ekukhubazekeni kokufunda. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ingane ingaba nesinye salezi zimo noma ngaphezulu ndawonye.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokukhubazeka kokufunda?
Ukukhubazeka kokufunda kungafika ngezindlela eziningi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuthinta ingane ngayinye ngendlela ehlukile. Ake sibheke ezinye zezinhlobo eziyinhloko. Ukuqonda lokhu kuzokusiza uthole umbono ongcono ngokuziphatha kwengane yakho.
| Igama lobuthakathaka | Indlela okuthinta ngayo | Izibonelo esingazibona eSri Lanka |
|---|---|---|
| I-Dyspraxia | Kuthinta ukunyakaza komzimba kanye nokuxhumana (amakhono okunyakaza). | Uhlala ezishaya, ewisa izinto phansi. Unenkinga yokufaka izinkinobho zehembe lakhe lesikole, ukubopha izintambo zezicathulo zakhe, ukudla ngesipuni. Unenkinga yokubhala nokuthayipha. |
| I-Dyslexia | Ulimi, ikakhulukazi ukufunda nokubhala, luyathinteka. | Udida izinhlamvu lapho efunda (isib. 'pa' no-'da', 'va' no-'cha'). Ugwema amagama, akathandi ukufunda ngokuzwakalayo. Unenkinga yokuqonda incazelo yalokho okufundwayo. Unenkinga yokufaka okusengqondweni yomuntu ngamazwi lapho ekhuluma. |
| I-Dysgraphia | Kuthinta ikhono lokubhala. | Umbhalo wesandla ungcolile kakhulu futhi kunzima ukuwufunda. Ubukhulu nesimo sezinhlamvu akufani. Kuneziphambeko zesipelingi ezivame ukwenzeka. Kunzima kakhulu ukufaka umbono engqondweni yakho ephepheni. |
| I-Dyscalculia | Kuthinta amakhono ezibalo. | Ubunzima bokubona nokubala izinombolo. Ubunzima bokwenza ukwengeza nokususa okulula. Ubunzima bokusho isikhathi, ukuphatha imali, nokukhumbula amathebula okuphindaphinda. |
| Inkinga Yokucubungula Ukuzwa | Kuyinkinga ngobuchopho ukuqonda imisindo ezwiwa yindlebe (akuyona inkinga ngokuzwa). | Kubonakala sengathi abaqondi okushiwoyo. Abakwazi ukuzwa okushiwoyo ezindaweni ezinomsindo. Banobunzima bokulandela imiyalelo. Badidanisa amagama azwakala efana (isib., 'wenza' kanye 'wenza'). |
| Inkinga Yokucubungula Okubonakalayo | Kuyinkinga ngobuchopho ukuqonda lokho iso elikubonayo (hhayi inkinga yokubona). | Ayikwazi ukubona umehluko phakathi kwezithombe ezimbili ezifanayo. Idida izinhlamvu nezimo. Inenkinga yokusebenzisana kwesandla neso (isib. ukubamba ibhola). |
Izimpawu ezivamile ezibonisa ukukhubazeka kokufunda
Kungaba nzima ukubona ukukhubazeka kokufunda ngoba alukho uhlu lwezimpawu oluhambisana nazo zonke izingane. Futhi izingane eziningi zizama ukufihla ukukhubazeka kwazo. Ngezinye izikhathi okubonayo nje ukuthi zikhononda ngomsebenzi wesikole noma azifuni ukuya esikoleni.
Kodwa-ke, khathazeka uma izimpawu ezilandelayo ziqhubeka:
- Ukuntuleka kwesidingo kanye nentshisekelo yokufunda nokubhala izincwadi.
- Ubunzima bokukhumbula izinto.
- Wenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi kahle kakhulu.
- Ubunzima bokulandela imiyalelo.
- Ukungakwazi ukunaka njalo.
- Ubunzima bokuqonda imibono engaqondakali.
- Uma ubona ukuntuleka kwamakhono okuxhumana nabantu endleleni oxhumana ngayo nabangani.
- Ukuziphatha okuphazamisayo ngokungadingekile ekilasini.
Into ebalulekile ukungacabangi ukuthi ingane inokukhubazeka kokufunda ngoba nje inesinye noma ezimbili zalezi zimpawu. Kodwa uma eziningana zalezi zimpawu ziqhubeka izinyanga, kubalulekile ukuphenya.
Lesi simo sihlolwa kanjani ngokunembile?
Lokhu akuyona into engatholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi. Lena inqubo ende kancane.
1. Isinyathelo 1: Uma unemibuzo, qala ukhulume nothisha wekilasi lomntwana wakho. Uthisha unombono omuhle kakhulu wokuthi ingane yakho izoziphatha kanjani ekilasini.
2. Isinyathelo 2: Okulandelayo, hlangana nodokotela womndeni wakho (udokotela) ukuze nixoxe ngalokhu. Udokotela uzohlola ukukhula nempilo yengane.
3. Usizo lochwepheshe: Ngokuvamile, udokotela uzokudlulisela kubantu abanolwazi kule ndawo. Laba bantu bangahluka kuye ngohlobo lwenkinga yengane. Isibonelo:
- Isazi Sengqondo Sezokwelapha: Sihlola ukuhlakanipha kwengane, imizwa, kanye nezindlela zokuziphatha.
- Udokotela Wezokwelapha Emsebenzini: Usiza ngezinkinga zemisipha emihle njengokubhala nokufaka izinkinobho.
- Uchwepheshe Wezenkulumo Nolimi: Usiza ngezinkinga zokukhuluma nokuqonda ulimi.
Laba bantu basebenzisa izivivinyo nokuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene ukuze bathole ukuthi inkinga yangempela iyini ngengane yakho. Le nqubo ingathatha isikhathi, okungakukhungathekisa njengomzali. Kodwa ukuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokusiza ingane yakho.
Izinto ongazenza njengomzali
Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhungathekile futhi ushaqekile lapho uthola ukuthi ingane yakho inokukhubazeka kokufunda. Kodwa khumbula, awuwedwa. Ngokusekelwa okufanele, laba bantwana banamathuba amaningi okuphumelela.
1. Yazi kahle isimo sengane.
Thola okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngokukhubazeka kwengane yakho nokuthi kuthinta kanjani ukufunda kwayo. Thola ngezindlela kanye nokwelashwa okungasiza. Ngemuva kwalokho ungafaka isandla ngenkuthalo ekukhetheni okungcono kakhulu kwengane yakho.
2. Yiba amandla amakhulu engane yakho.
Ungumthombo wamandla amakhulu wengane yakho. Khuluma nothisha besikole bese uzama ukwakha uhlelo lwemfundo olukhethekile olungasiza ingane yakho. Kwamanye amazwe, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-IEP - Uhlelo Lwemfundo Oluzimele". Ohlelweni lwesikole lwaseSri Lanka, ungasebenza nothisha ukuze nixoxe ngendlela ezosiza ekuthuthukiseni amandla engane futhi inqobe ubuthakathaka.
3. Faka imikhuba emihle yempilo enganeni yakho
Ukulala ngokwanele, ukudla ukudla okunomsoco, kanye nokuvivinya umzimba njalo kubalulekile empilweni yomzimba neyengqondo yengane. Lezi zinto zisiza futhi ekuthuthukiseni ukunaka kwengane kanye namakhono okufunda.
4. Naka impilo yengqondo yengane yakho
Ukukhubazeka kokufunda kungayithinta kakhulu indlela ingane ezizwa ngayo. Bangase bacabange izinto ezinjengokuthi “Angikwazi” nokuthi “Ngiyisiwula.” Ngakho-ke qaphela isimo sengqondo sengane yakho. Uma ihlala idabukile, inezinguquko ebuthongweni bayo noma ekufiseni ukudla, noma ingasajabuleli izinto eyayizijabulela, naka lokhu bese ukhuluma nodokotela uma kudingeka.
Khumbula, uthando lwakho kanye nokusekelwa kwakho kuyimithi engcono kakhulu ingane engayithola.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukukhubazeka kokufunda akukhona ukuntuleka kokuhlakanipha noma ubuvila. Kumane nje kuwumehluko endleleni ubuchopho obucubungula ngayo ulwazi.
- Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene, njenge-dyslexia (ubunzima bokufunda) kanye ne-dyscalculia (izinkinga zezibalo). Indlela ethinta ngayo ingane ngayinye ihlukile.
- Uma ingane yakho inqikaza ngokungajwayelekile ukwenza umsebenzi wesikole, inenkinga yokukhumbula izinto, noma iqhubeka nokukhombisa izinkinga zokufunda nokubhala, yinake.
- Uma unemibuzo, qala ukhulume nothisha wengane yakho kanye nodokotela womndeni. Bazokwazi ukukuqondisa endleleni efanele.
- Ngokuthola isifo ngendlela efanele, ukwelashwa, kanye nokusekelwa kwakho, laba bantwana banganqoba noma iyiphi inselele. Uthando lwakho nesikhuthazo sakho kubaluleke kakhulu kubo.
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