Ukwamukela ingane kuyisinqumo esimangalisayo nesinothando ngempela. Kuletha impilo entsha nenjabulo emndenini. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba siqale lolu hambo oluhle, ingabe kufanele siqaphele kakhudlwana izinselele zempilo ingane encane ezojoyina umndeni wakho engase ibhekane nazo ezigabeni zokuqala zempilo yayo? Ngoba, lokho kuqaphela nokulungiselela yikho okunikeza wena kanye nomuntu omusha osanda kuzalwa emndenini isiqalo esihle kakhulu nesiphephile.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukutholwa?
Kalula nje, ukutholwa kwengane kuyinqubo yezenhlalo, yemizwa, kanye neyomthetho lapho ingane engakhuliswanga ngabazali bayo begazi iba yilungu lomunye umndeni. Lokhu akuyona nje incwadi yomthetho. Kusho ukuthi ingane inikezwa uthando, ukunakekelwa, isivikelo, kanye nomndeni ozinzile. ESri Lanka, lokhu kungenziwa ngezindawo zokuhlala izintandane, izikhungo ezizimele, noma ngezihlobo (isibonelo, ingane yesihlobo esiseduze). Kuyo yonke le nqubo, kuzodingeka usebenzisane eduze nabameli, izisebenzi zezenhlalakahle, ikakhulukazi odokotela bezingane.
Udokotela wakho wezingane uyisitha sakho esikhulu kulolu hambo. Nguye ozokufundisa futhi akuqondise ngezidingo zomzimba, zengqondo, zokukhula, kanye nezomzwelo zengane yakho.
Yiziphi izizathu zokwanda kwezingozi zempilo ezinganeni ezikhuliswa izingane?
Njenganoma yimuphi umntwana, izingane ezikhuliswa ngabanye zingaba nanoma yisiphi isifo. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi lezi zingane zisengozini enkulu kancane yokuba nezinkinga zomzimba, zengqondo, kanye nokukhula uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izingane.
Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu yizinto ezimbi ababhekana nazo besebancane. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi yi -Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) . Lezi zingozi zingokoqobo, kodwa ngothando lwakho, ukunakekelwa, kanye neseluleko esifanele sezokwelapha, leyo ngane izothola amandla amakhulu okunqoba zonke lezi zinselele futhi ikhule iphilile futhi ijabule.
Nazi ezinye zezizathu eziyinhloko ezenza lezo zingozi zande:
- Ukuntuleka kokunakekelwa kwempilo okufanele ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nangemva kokubeletha: Umama angase angatholi ukudla okunomsoco okudingekayo, amavithamini, kanye nokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Angase futhi aphuthelwe imijovo edingekayo kanye nokwelashwa emtholampilo ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana.
- Ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo: Ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo ngesikhathi sobuntwana kuthinta ngqo intuthuko yengane.
- Izidingo ezingokomzwelo ezingakahlangatshezwa:Uthando, imfudumalo, kanye nokuvikeleka kwengane (aravaṇaippu - imfudumalo/ukugoqana - igama lesiTamil ngezinye izikhathi elisetshenziswa ngokwesiko, kodwa kufanele ngiligweme njengoba kusho umyalelo. Ngizoliphinda igama) Uthando, imfudumalo, kanye nokuvikeleka kwengane kubalulekile ekukhuleni kobuchopho. Uma lokhu kunganikezwa, kungaba nemiphumela yesikhathi eside.
- Ukuchayeka ezintweni ezinobuthi: Ukusebenzisa kukamama utshwala, ugwayi, njll. ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, noma indawo lapho ingane ihlala khona kuyingozi empilweni.
- Ukuhlukumezeka: Ukuhlukunyezwa kwengane (ngokomzimba, ngokomzwelo, ngokocansi), ukuhlukaniswa nabazali, izinguquko ezivamile ekunakekelweni, ukubona ubudlova basekhaya, njll. kunomthelela ongenakucatshangwa ekukhuleni kobuchopho bengane kanye nempilo yengqondo. Ukucindezeleka okungapheli okubangelwa yizinto ezinjalo kungashintsha ukusebenza kwesimiso samahomoni omzimba futhi kuholele ezifweni zomzimba zesikhathi eside.
Yiziphi izinkinga zempilo ezivame kakhulu?
Ake sixoxe ngezinye zezinkinga zempilo ezivamile ezibonakala ezinganeni ezikhuliswa ngabanye. Akuzona zonke izingane ezinalezi zinto, kodwa kubalulekile ukuziqaphela.
Izimo Zomzimba
Lezi zimo zivame ukwenzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka kokudla okunempilo noma ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha eminyakeni yokuqala yengane.
| Isimo somzimba | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukwehluleka kokukhula kanye nokuntuleka kokudla okunempilo | Ukungabi nobude nesisindo esifanele iminyaka yakho. Izinto ezifana ne-iron, i-calcium, ne-vitamin D zingase zintuleke emzimbeni. |
| Isifuba somoya | Ubunzima bokuphefumula kanye nokungezwani komzimba nohlelo lokuphefumula. |
| Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile | Ezinye izingane zingase zikhuluphale kakhulu ngemva kokungondleki kahle bese zidla ngokweqile lapho ziqala ukuthola ukudla noma ngenxa yezizathu zengqondo. |
| Ukukhubazeka kokubona nokuzwa | Lokhu kungaba kubi kakhulu uma kungatholakali futhi kwelashwa kusencane. |
| Izinkinga zamazinyo | Izinkinga ezinjengokubola kwamazinyo zivame ngenxa yokuntuleka kwemikhuba efanele yokuhlanzeka kwamazinyo. |
Impilo Yomzwelo Neyengqondo
Ukuhlukanisa ingane nomndeni wayo wokuqala kanye nendawo eyijwayele kuyimbangela enkulu yokucindezeleka kwengqondo enganeni ezelwe yodwa. Kuthatha isikhathi ukuthi ingane ijwayele ikhaya elisha nomndeni. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ingane ingase ibonise lezi zinhlobo zokuziphatha.
- Ukuzama ukuba wedwa, hhayi ukukhuluma.
- Ukuziphatha ngendlela engenandaba, ukuthukuthela.
- Ukukhala njalo.
- Ubunzima bokulala (ukwesaba ubuthongo, ukuqwasha).
- Ukungabi nasithakazelo ezintweni owawuzijabulela.
Ungesabi uma ubona lolu hlobo lokuziphatha. Lena yindlela ingane eveza ngayo ukudabuka kwayo, ukwesaba, nokungaqiniseki. Ukubekezela kwakho, uthando, nokuqonda kubaluleke kakhulu kulesi sikhathi. Kodwa-ke, uma lesi simo siqhubeka, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wengane, futhi uma kudingeka, funa usizo kudokotela wezifo zengqondo wengane.
Ngenxa yezehlakalo ezibuhlungu ezenzeka ebuntwaneni, ezinye izingane zisengozini yokuthola izimo ezithile zempilo yengqondo.
- Izinkinga zokukhathazeka: Ukuzizwa wesaba futhi usola njalo.
- Ukucindezeleka: Ukudabuka isikhathi eside, ukukhungatheka.
- Isifo sokucindezeleka ngemva kokwethuka (PTSD): Ukukhumbula njalo isenzakalo esibuhlungu sesikhathi esidlule kanye nokwesaba izinto ezihlobene naso.
- Ukuphazamiseka kokudla: Ukudla okuncane kakhulu noma okuningi kakhulu ngenxa yezizathu zengqondo.
Izinkinga Zokuziphatha Nokuthuthukiswa
Okuhlangenwe nakho kwesikhathi esidlule kuthinta ngqo ukuziphatha kwengane kanye nentuthuko yayo.
- Ubunzima bokulawula imizwa: Ukuthukuthela ngokweqile noma ukucasuka ngezinto ezincane.
- Ukuziphatha okunolaka: ukushaya abanye, ukuphonsa izinto.
- Isifo sokungakwazi ukunaka/sokungasebenzi kahle (ADHD): Ukungakwazi ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa, ukuphazamiseka kalula, kanye nokungaphumuli.
- Ukulibaziseka kwenkulumo: Ukungakwazi ukukhuluma ngendlela efanele iminyaka.
- Ukukhubazeka kokufunda: Ubunzima bokugxila emsebenzini wesikole.
Ulwazi lwezempilo okudingeka ulazi ngaphambi kokuthatha ingane
Ngaphambi noma ngokushesha nje lapho ingane yakho ijoyina umndeni wakho, zama ukuqoqa ulwazi oluningi lwezempilo ngangokunokwenzeka ngaye. Lolu lwazi luzokusiza wena nodokotela wengane yakho ukuthi ninikeze ingane yakho ukunakekelwa okungcono kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kungenzeki ukuthola lonke lolu lwazi. Kodwa zama ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ulwazi olubalulekile okufanele uzame ukulithola:
- Umlando wezokwelapha wengane:
- Yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha ingane enazo njengamanje noma ebinazo esikhathini esidlule?
- Uke wangeniswa esibhedlela? Uke wahlinzwa?
- Yimiphi imithi esetshenziswayo njengamanje?
- Ingabe ingane ine-allergies?
- Yimiphi imijovo enikeziwe? (Kungaba usizo kakhulu uma ungathola ikhadi lokugoma)
- Imibiko yokuhlolwa kwegazi kwangaphambilini, amaskeni, njll.
- Ulwazi oluhlobene nokuzalwa:
- Isisindo sokuzalwa, ubude, kanye nokujikeleza kwekhanda.
- Wazalwa amasonto amangaki? (Ingabe kwakuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi?)
- Ingabe kube nezinkinga ngesikhathi sokubeletha noma ngemva kokubeletha?
- Ulwazi mayelana nokukhulelwa kukamama:
- Ingabe umama wayesebenzisa utshwala noma ugwayi ngesikhathi ekhulelwe?
- Ingabe umama wayenazo izifo (isib. izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi) ngaleso sikhathi?
- Umlando wezokwelapha womndeni:
- Yiziphi izifo ezizuzwe njengefa (isib. isifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, umdlavuza) abazali bengane kanye nabafowabo nodadewabo abanazo? Lokhu kungaba nzima ukukuthola, kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi uma kungenzeka.
- Intuthuko kanye nomlando wezenhlalo:
- Ulwazi mayelana nezinyathelo zokukhula kwengane (ubudala eyayikhasa, ihamba, futhi ikhuluma ngabo).
- Imibiko yokuthi ingane ihlukunyeziwe noma inganakwa.
- Uma uke waya esikoleni, imisebenzi yesikole injani?
Indima kadokotela wezingane kulolu hambo
Emndenini okhulisa ingane, udokotela wezingane ungumqondisi, umeluleki, nomngane omkhulu. Indima yakhe idlulela ngalé kokumane anikeze umuthi wokugula.
- Sizohlaziya ulwazi lwezokwelapha oluqoqile mayelana nengane yakho futhi sikwazise nganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa okukhethekile ingane yakho engase ikudinge.
- Lapho nje ingane isijoyina umndeni, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa okuphelele ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo ukuze kutholakale noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingakatholakali.
- Uma ingane idinga usizo lochwepheshe (isib., udokotela wezifo zengqondo wezingane, udokotela wezifo zenhliziyo, uchwepheshe wezifo zokukhuluma), izothunyelwa kulowo dokotela.
- Uzonikezwa iseluleko sendlela yokubhekana nezinkinga ezingokomzwelo ezingase zivele njengoba ingane yakho ijwayela umndeni omusha.
- Sikufundisa izindlela zokusiza ekwakheni isibopho esiqinile phakathi kwengane nomndeni.
- Ukugonywa kwengane kanye nempilo yayo yonke kuqashwe njalo.
Lokhu kuthinta kanjani wonke umndeni?
Uma umntwana omusha efika emndenini, kungaba ushintsho olukhulu kuwo wonke umuntu ekhaya. Lokhu kungaba yiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma kukhona abanye abantwana ekhaya.
- Umona wezingane zakini: Ezinye izingane zingase zizwe sengathi ingane entsha ithola ukunakwa okwengeziwe. Lokhu kungaholela ekubeni zithukuthele futhi zibe nomona. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokubhekana nalokhu ukuchitha isikhathi nezinye izingane ngokwehlukana. Zenze zizwe sengathi zisekhethekile.
- Ukukhathala Komnakekeli: Abazali bangazizwa bekhathele ngokomzimba, ngokwengqondo nangokomzwelo lapho benakekela ingane enezidingo ezikhethekile. Lokhu kuvamile. Kubalulekile ukuzinakekela, ukuthatha ikhefu, nokufuna ukwesekwa kubangani abathembekile. Unganqikazi ukufuna usizo kumeluleki uma kudingeka.
Ingabe usukulungele ngempela lo mthwalo wemfanelo?
Lesi yisinqumo sokuphila konke. Ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokuba unqume ukuthatha ingane, zibuze le mibuzo.
* Kungani ngifuna ukwamukela ingane? Ziyini izinhloso zami?
* Ngingakwazi yini ukunikeza ingane indawo enothando, ezinzile nephephile?
* Ingabe nginamandla ezezimali nangokomzwelo okuhlangabezana nezidingo ezikhethekile zezempilo nezemfundo ingane engase izidinge?
* Ingabe ngikulungele ukumela lowo mntwana esikoleni, esibhedlela, nasemphakathini?
* Ingabe ngizimisele ukufunda ngezidingo ezikhethekile zalaba bantwana futhi ngizivumelanise nezimo ngokufanele?
* Ingabe ngineqembu labangane abahle nezihlobo abangisizayo futhi babelane ngenjabulo nosizi lwami?
Akunakwenzeka ukulungiselela konke kusenesikhathi, kodwa uma ubhekana namaqiniso ngakho, kuzoba lula kuwe nakumalungu omndeni wakho omusha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukukhulisa ingane kuwumthwalo wemfanelo onothando nomkhulu. Laba bantwana bangase babe nezidingo ezikhethekile zempilo yomzimba neyengqondo ngenxa yokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo kwangaphambilini.
- Ngaphambi kokufaka ingane emndenini wakho, thola ulwazi oluningi ngangokunokwenzeka mayelana nomlando wayo wezokwelapha kanye nesizinda somndeni.
- Udokotela wakho wezingane ungumeluleki wakho omkhulu nomsizi wakho kulolu hambo. Khuluma naye ngakho konke obala.
- Kanye nengane yakho, nakekela impilo yakho yengqondo kanye neyamanye amalungu omndeni njengoba bedlula kulolu shintsho. Thola usizo uma kudingeka.
- Ukubekezela, uthando, nokuqonda yizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu onakho kulolu hambo.
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