Uma uzwa igama elithi 'isifo sikashukela', ucabanga ngoshukela ophezulu egazini, akunjalo? Yilokho abantu abaningi abakwaziyo. Kodwa namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo esihlukile ngokuphelele, esingajwayelekile kakhulu esinegama elifanayo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Diabetes Insipidus (DI). Okwenzekayo kulokhu akukhona ukuthi izinga likashukela egazini liyakhuphuka, kodwa ukuthi kunenkinga ngokulawulwa kwamanzi emzimbeni.
Iyini ngempela i-Diabetes Insipidus (DI)?
Kalula nje, okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi i-hormone ethumela umyalezo ezinso zethu, "Gcina amanye amanzi umzimba wakho owadingayo, ungawakhiphi wonke njengomchamo," iyancipha emzimbeni wethu, noma izinso aziphenduli kuleyo hormone.
Ngenxa yalokhu, izinso azikwazi ukugcina amanzi emzimbeni. Ngenxa yalokho, inani elikhulu lamanzi emzimbeni likhishwa ngomchamo. Ngakho-ke uzizwa womile ngokweqile. Lesi sifo sithola igama laso ngoba umchamo ophumayo awunambitheki elimnandi futhi ufana namanzi. Yingakho abanye abantu besibiza ngokuthi "isifo sikashukela samanzi".
Ingabe lesi isimo esiyingozi?
Lokhu ngokuvamile akusona isifo esingathi sína nesisongela ukuphila. Uma umuntu omdala ephuza amanzi anele, cishe ngeke afe ngenxa yaso. Kodwa-ke, kungaba yingozi kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane, asebekhulile, noma kulabo abanezifo zengqondo. Ngoba bangase bangazizwa bomile kahle noma bangase bangakwazi ukucela amanzi.
Cabanga nje, umuntu ophilile ukhipha cishe amalitha angu-1-2 omchamo ngosuku. Kodwa umuntu one-DI angakhipha amalitha angu-3-20 omchamo ngosuku! Lokhu kuchama ngokweqile kubizwa ngokuthi "i-Polyuria". Lokhu kubangela ukuthi umzimba ulahlekelwe inani eliyingozi lamanzi bese uphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni . Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa nebhalansi "yama-electrolyte", njenge-"sodium" kanye ne-"potassium", ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwesimiso sethu sezinzwa, nayo iyalahleka.
Izinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko zesifo sikashukela i-Insipidus (DI)
Kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko zalesi simo. Uhlobo ngalunye lunezimbangela ezahlukene, ukwelashwa, kanye nemiphumela yesikhathi eside. Kodwa ezimweni eziningi, ungasiphatha kahle lesi simo ngeseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
1. I-Central Diabetes Insipidus (I-Central Diabetes Insipidus)
Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi umzimba awukhiqizi i-hormone ethi ``vasopressin`` eyanele, esiza ekugcineni ibhalansi yoketshezi emzimbeni wethu.
Ukulimala ekhanda kungaba yimbangela eyinhloko yalokhu.. Ukulimala engxenyeni yobuchopho eyenza i-hormone ethi `vasopressin`, noma i-pituitary gland eyigcinayo. Lokhu kungabangelwa nezinto ezifana nokutheleleka, ukuhlinzwa, kanye nezimila zobuchopho. Ngezinye izikhathi, izingane ezincane zingazalwa zinalesi simo ngenxa yezizathu zofuzo.
I-DI encane ngezinye izikhathi ingalawulwa ngokudla okune-sodium ephansi. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi badinga ukuthatha i-hormone yokwenziwa ebizwa ngokuthi i-desmopressin. Lokhu kungathathwa njengephilisi, i-spray yamakhala, noma umjovo.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha isilinganiso esiqondile udokotela wakho akutshela sona nokulawula inani lamanzi owaphuzayo. Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi kakhulu kungabangela ikhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi, kanye nokwehla okuyingozi kwamazinga e-sodium emzimbeni.
2. I-DI ehlobene nezinso (i-Nephrogen Diabetes Insipidus)
Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi yize ubuchopho bukhiqiza i-hormone ethi `vasopressin` kahle, izinso azikwazi 'ukuzwa' lowo myalezo. Lokho kusho ukuthi izinso aziphenduli kuwo. Lokhu kungaba khona kusukela ekuzalweni, noma kungakhula kamuva.
Izinto ezingabangela lokhu yilezi:
- Isifo sezinso sesikhathi eside.
- Eminye imithi. Isibonelo, imithi efana ne-lithium, i-foscarnet, kanye ne-clozapine.
- Ukwanda kwamazinga e-calcium egazini (i-hypercalcemia).
- Ukwehla kwamazinga e-potassium egazini (i-hypokalemia).
- Ukuvaleka komgudu womchamo.
Uma imbangela eyisisekelo yalesi simo yelashwa, ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ukwelapha ngokuphelele lesi simo se-DI.
3. I-DI (Dipsogenic Diabetes Insipidus) ebangelwa ukoma ngokweqile
Lokhu kubangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-hypothalamus, isikhungo sokoma ebuchosheni, okubangela isifiso sokuphuza amanzi ngokungalawuleki. Lokhu kungabangelwa nayizinye izimo zempilo yengqondo. Akukho ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kwalokhu okwamanje. Kodwa-ke, izinto ezifana nama-ice cubes kanye ne-mouthwash zingasiza ekunciphiseni umlomo owomile. Ingozi eyodwa eyingozi lapha ukuthi ukuphuza amanzi amaningi kungaholela ekudakweni kwamanzi .
4. Isifo Sikashukela Sokukhulelwa Insipidus (DI) esenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Abesifazane abaningi bangaba nalesi simo ezinyangeni ezintathu zokugcina zokukhulelwa. Sibangelwa ukushintsha kwamahomoni noma i-enzyme ku-placenta ephula i-hormone vasopressin. Labo abathwele amawele basengozini enkulu kancane. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile kuyisimo esincane futhi siphela ngokuphelele phakathi namasonto ambalwa ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana.
Ukuphathwa kwe-DI nezici okufanele uziqaphele
Izinto ezimbili okufanele sikhathazeke kakhulu ngazo kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-DI ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kanye nokungalingani kwama-electrolyte . Kufanele uhlale uqaphela izimpawu zalokhu.
| Isici sesixwayiso | Kusho ukuthini lokhu? |
|---|---|
| Ukoma okukhulu | Isibonakaliso esinamandla kakhulu sokuthi umzimba udinga amanzi engeziwe. |
| Umlomo owomile, izindebe, kanye nesikhumba | Uphawu lokuthi amazinga oketshezi emzimbeni ayancipha. |
| Ukukhathala noma isiyezi | Kungabangelwa umfutho wegazi ophansi noma ukungoneli kwegazi eliya ebuchosheni. |
| Ukuchama njalo ebusuku | Isici esibalulekile sesifo se-DI. |
| Umchamo omnyama noma ukuncipha kokuchama | Lokhu kungaba uphawu lokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kakhulu futhi kufanele ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile | Kungabangelwa ukungalingani kwama-electrolyte emzimbeni. |
Uma unalezi zimpawu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubona udokotela womndeni wakho ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngalesi simo, ungaphila impilo evamile nenempilo ngokwelashwa okufanele kanye nesiqondiso sezokwelapha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo sikashukela i-Insipidus (DI) akusona isifo sikashukela esisaziyo sonke. Siyinkinga ehlobene nokulinganisela kwamanzi emzimbeni.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko ukoma ngokweqile kanye nokuchama ngokweqile.
- Lesi simo ngokuvamile asiyona ingozi futhi singaphathwa kahle ngokwelashwa okufanele.
- Uma ucabanga ukuthi unalezi zimpawu, ungacabangi, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza umuthi njengoba nje udokotela emyalile futhi uphuze amanzi njengoba kuqondiswe.
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