Ingabe unesifo sikashukela? Noma ingabe kukhona umuntu emndenini wakho noma kumngane wakho? Khona-ke cishe unemibuzo eminingi mayelana namaphilisi kanye nemijovo ye-insulin udokotela akunikeza yona. "Kungani unginike lo muthi?", "Leli philisi lenzani ngempela emzimbeni?", "Ingabe kufanele ngiyithathe nsuku zonke?" Izinto ezinjalo cishe zifika engqondweni yakho. Lena imibuzo evamile, ungakhathazeki ngayo. Namuhla, ake sikuqonde kalula konke lokhu, njengokungathi sikhuluma nomngane.
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Ake siqale sibone, kungani sidinga imithi yesifo sikashukela?
Kalula nje, isifo sikashukela yisimo lapho imizimba yethu ingakwazi ukulawula kahle izinga likashukela egazini lethu. Imizimba yethu idinga i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-insulin ukuze isebenzise ushukela ) ovela ekudleni esikudlayo. Kusifo sikashukela, ukukhiqizwa kwale hormone, i-insulin, kuyancishiswa, noma umzimba awusabeli kahle ku-insulin oyikhiqizayo.
Uma amazinga kashukela egazini ehlala ephezulu isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokulawulwa, ukubona kwethu, izinso, inhliziyo, kanye nemizwa kungalimaza. Odokotela banikeza imithi yokuvimbela lezi zimo eziyingozi. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wale mithi ukusiza ukugcina amazinga kashukela egazini esezingeni eliphephile.
Yimiphi imithi eyinhloko yesifo sikashukela?
Imithi yesifo sikashukela ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. Imithi Yomlomo: Yilokhu abantu abaningi abaqala ngakho kuqala.
2. Imithi Ejovwayo: Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-insulin kanye nezinye izinhlobo ezintsha zemijovo.
Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi uzonikezwa amaphilisi, umjovo, noma kokubili. Lokhu kuzoncika ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lwakho lwesifo sikashukela (Uhlobo 1 noma Uhlobo 2), amazinga akho kashukela egazini, iminyaka yakho, kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ongase ube nazo.
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Kunezinhlobo eziningana zamaphilisi asetshenziswa isifo sikashukela eSri Lanka nasemhlabeni jikelele. Ngayinye yawo isebenza emzimbeni ngendlela ehlukile kancane. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko.
| Igama Lekilasi Lezidakamizwa | Indlela esebenza ngayo ngaphakathi emzimbeni (ngamagama alula) | Izibonelo ezivamile |
|---|---|---|
| Ama-Biguanides | Kunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kukashukela yisibindi futhi kwandisa ukuzwela kwamaseli omzimba ku-insulin. | I-Metformin - Lona umuthi wokuqala onikezwa abantu abaningi. |
| Ama-Sulfonylurea | Kuyasiza ngokukhuluma ne-pancreas yethu bese uyitshela ukuthi "yenze i-insulin eyengeziwe." | I-Glimepiride, i-Gliclazide |
| Ama-DPP-4 Inhibitors | Uma amazinga kashukela egazini enyuka ngemva kokudla, kusiza ekukhiqizeni i-insulin. Uma amazinga kashukela egazini ephansi, i-insulin ayikhiqizwa ngeze. | I-Sitagliptin, i-Linagliptin |
| Izithibi ze-SGLT2 | Kuyasiza ukukhipha ushukela owengeziwe emzimbeni ngezinso ngomchamo. | I-Empagliflozin, i-Dapagliflozin |
Into ebalulekile ukuthi yonke le mithi isebenza ngendlela ehlukile, ngakho-ke imithi umngane wakho ayithathayo ingase ingakusebenzeli. Thatha kuphela imithi udokotela wakho ayinikezayo, njengoba nje eyalelwe.
I-insulini neminye imijovo
Ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ukulawula ushukela egazini ngamaphilisi kuphela. Ikakhulukazi kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 kanye nalabo asebenesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 isikhathi eside, kudingeka imijovo ye-insulin.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemijovo ye-insulin:
- I-insulin esebenza ngokushesha: Lokhu kuvame ukunikezwa cishe imizuzu eyi-15 ngaphambi kokudla.
- I-insulin esebenza isikhathi eside: Le mithi isebenza cishe amahora angama-24 uma ijovwa kanye ngosuku.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinhlobo ezintsha zemijovo ebizwa ngokuthi 'ama-agonist e-GLP-1' asetshenziswa manje kwesifo sikashukela (njenge-'Semaglutide (Ozempic)', 'i-Liraglutide (i-Victoza)'). Lezi zisiza ekukhiqizeni i-insulin, futhi zisiza ekunciphiseni indlala futhi zisize ekunciphiseni isisindo.
Izinto okudingeka uzikhumbule ngemithi
1. Ungesabi imiphumela emibi, qaphela.
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, imithi yesifo sikashukela ingaba nemiphumela emibi emincane. Isibonelo, abanye abantu bangase babe nokuphazamiseka okuncane kwesisu noma isicanucanu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemva kokuqala i-metformin. Lokhu kuvame ukuphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
2. Qaphela kakhulu nge-hypoglycemia.
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi labo abathatha i-insulin kanye ne-sulfonylureas kudingeka baqaphele lokhu. I-Hypoglycemia yilapho izinga likashukela egazini lehla kakhulu. Uma lokho kwenzeka,
- Ukujuluka kakhulu.
- Umzimba wami uyathuthumela.
- Ngizizwa nginesizungu (ngiyazula).
- Ngizizwa ngilambile kakhulu.
- Kunzima ukugxila.
Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, kufanele udle ngokushesha into emnandi (izipuni ezimbili kuya kwezingu-3 zikashukela ezincibilikisiwe emanzini, i-glucose, isiphuzo esimnandi, noma ucezu lwe-toffee). Bese udla ukudla okunesitashi njengelayisi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka njalo, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho. Imithi yakho ingadinga ukulungiswa.
3. Ungalokothi uyeke noma ushintshe imithi ngokwakho
Ungayeki ukuthatha imithi yakho wedwa, ucabanga ukuthi, "Ushukela wami usegazini usujwayelekile manje, ngakho angidingi imithi." Lokho kuyingozi kakhulu. Ushukela wakho usegazini uyalawuleka ngoba uthatha imithi. Udokotela wakho kuphela onegunya lokushintsha umthamo, ukuyeka, noma ukuqala imithi emisha.
4. Tshela udokotela wakho uma usebenzisa eminye imithi.
Uma uthatha eminye imithi, amavithamini, noma imithi yendabuko, sicela wazise udokotela wakho wesifo sikashukela ngakho konke lokhu. Eminye imithi ingase ihlangane.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Imithi yesifo sikashukela ayisona isitha sakho, ngumngane wakho omkhulu okusiza ukuthi uphile impilo enempilo.
- Thatha umuthi owunikezwa udokotela wakho, ngesikhathi esifanele, ngesilinganiso esifanele. Ungalokothi weqe imithamo.
- Kanye nemithi, ukudla okufanele kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba kubaluleke kakhulu. Awukwazi nje ukuthatha imithi bese ungenzi lezi zinto ezimbili.
- Qaphela izimpawu ze-hypoglycemia. Khumbula ukuthi wenzeni uma kwenzeka ngaphandle kokwethuka.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ngemithi yakho noma imiphumela emibi, ungacingi kwi-inthanethi, kodwa buza udokotela wakho ngqo. Uzokunikeza iseluleko esingcono kakhulu.
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