Uma unesifo sikashukela, cishe uyazi ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho. Kodwa ubuwazi ukuthi sivikela nezitho ezimbili ezincane ezimise okwebhontshisi emzimbeni wakho, izinso? Lezi yizitho ezibalulekile ezihlanza igazi lethu futhi zisuse imfucuza engafuneki emzimbeni. Kodwa uma isifo sikashukela singalawulwa, lezi zinso eziyigugu zingaqala ukonakala, futhi lokho futhi ngaphandle kwezimpawu ezinkulu.
Iyini le nkinga yezinso ebangelwa yisifo sikashukela?
Kalula nje, uma isifo sikashukela singalawulwa kahle, amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi alimaza imithambo yegazi ethambile ezinso. Lokhu kuvimbela izinso ekwenzeni umsebenzi wazo oyinhloko wokuhlanza igazi. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi isifo sezinso sesifo sikashukela, noma njengoba odokotela besibiza kanjalo , isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona (CKD) .
Okukhathazayo ukuthi ucwaningo luthole ukuthi umuntu omdala oyedwa kwabathathu (1 kwabathathu) onesifo sikashukela naye unalesi sifo sezinso.
Lesi sifo sibangela ukuthi izinso zilahlekelwe kancane kancane ikhono lazo lokuhlunga ukungcola kanye namanzi angaphezulu emzimbeni. Uma lokhu kungelashwa kahle, kungagcina kuholele ekuhlulekeni kwezinso. Uma kunjalo, uzodinga i-dialysis noma ukufakelwa izinso ukuze usinde.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi izinso ziwohloke ngenxa yesifo sikashukela?
Empeleni kuthatha iminyaka ukuthi lo monakalo wenzeke. Kodwa inkinga enkulu lapha ukuthi abantu abaningi bahlala isikhathi eside bengazi nokuthi banesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili . Cabanga nje, abanye abantu bathola ukuthi banesifo sikashukela nokuthi izinso zabo sezivele zonakele ngezinga elithile ngokuhlolwa lapho beya kudokotela ngenxa yesinye isimo.
Ngakho-ke, noma ungenaso isifo sikashukela njengamanje, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izici zaso eziyingozi. Ukutholakala kwalesi sifo kusenesikhathi kungavimbela ukulimala kwezinso.
Qaphela lezi zimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela
Hlola ithebula elingezansi ukuze ubone ukuthi unazo yini izimpawu ezibalwe lapha. Lezi yizimpawu ezivamile ezingabonakala ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo sikashukela.
| Isibonakaliso | Ngamagama alula... |
|---|---|
| Ukuchama njalo | Ukudinga ukuchama kaningi kunokujwayelekile. |
| Ukoma okungavamile | Ukuzizwa womile kakhulu kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uphuza amanzi angakanani. |
| Ukuzizwa ulambile kakhulu | Ngisho nangemva kokudla kahle, uzizwa ulambile futhi ngemva kwesikhathi esithile. |
| Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo | Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu futhi ulele ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
| Umbono ofiphele | Ukuzizwa ungaboni kahle. |
| Ukupholisa amanxeba okulibaziseka | Ngisho nokusikeka okuncane noma ukuklwebheka kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuphola. |
| Ukuba ndikindiki noma ubuhlungu ezithweni | Ukuqaqamba, ukusha, noma ubuhlungu ezandleni nasezinyaweni (okuvamile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2). |
Ziyini izimpawu zesifo sezinso? Kungani zifika sekwephuzile?
Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sonke siyiqaphele. Izimpawu zesifo sezinso ziqala ukuvela kuphela uma lesi sifo sesibe sibi kakhulu.
Isizathu siwukuthi izinso zethu ziyizitho eziqinile ngendlela emangalisayo ezingakwamukeli kalula ukunqotshwa. Kuze kube yilapho cishe ama-75% azo onakele, izingxenye ezisele eziphilile zisebenza kanzima ukugcina ibhalansi ethile ezinqubweni zomzimba. Yingakho singazizwa lutho kuze kube yilapho kunomonakalo omkhulu.
Ngesikhathi kuvela izimpawu, kungenzeka ukuthi umonakalo omkhulu ezinso usuvele wenziwe. Ngakho-ke ukulinda ukuthi izimpawu zivele akuwona umqondo omuhle.
Lezi yizimpawu ezingase zivele lapho isifo siba sibi kakhulu:
- Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze, amaqakala nezinyawo
- Ukuvuvukala okuzungeze amehlo lapho uvuka ekuseni
- Ukuncipha kokuchama noma umchamo onegwebu
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula kanye nokukhathala njalo
- Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla kanye nesicanucanu
- Isikhumba esomile nesilumayo
- Ukungalali
- Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha
Ngakho-ke senzani? Sizivikela kanjani izinso zethu eziyigugu?
Ngenhlanhla, kunezinto eziningi esingazenza ukuvimbela lesi simo noma ukulawula ukuqhubeka kwaso. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ngesikhathi.1. Khuluma nodokotela wakho: Uma unesifo sikashukela, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile ngempilo yezinso zakho. Kubalulekile ukuthi izinso zakho zihlolwe okungenani kanye ngonyaka.
2. Ukuhlolwa kwe-ACR yomchamo: Lokhu ukuhlolwa okulula kakhulu. Kuhlola inani elincane leprotheyini ebizwa ngokuthi i-albumin emchameni wakho. Izinso eziphilile azihlungi le phrotheyini egazini. Ukuba khona kwalokhu emchameni kuyisibonakaliso sokuqala sokuthi izinso seziqala ukonakala.
3. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi (i-eGFR Blood Test): Lesi yisilinganiso sokuthi izinso zakho zihlunga igazi kahle kangakanani, njengephesenti. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-eGFR (isilinganiso sokuhlunga se-Glomerular esilinganiselwe) . Ukwehla kwaleli nani kusho ukuthi izinso azisebenzi kahle.
4. Lawula umfutho wegazi kanye namazinga kashukela:
- Umfutho Wegazi: Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ungenye isitha esikhulu sezinso. Hlola umfutho wegazi wakho njalo bese uthatha imithi udokotela wakho ayinikezayo ngqo.
- Ushukela Ogazini: Gcina amazinga kashukela egazini lakho engaphakathi kwamazinga ahlosiwe. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa kwe -HbA1c bese ulandela ngokufanele.
5. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho: Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi ekhethekile (isib. i-ACE inhibitors, ama-ARB) ukuvikela izinso zakho. Zisebenzise njengoba nje kuqondiswe. Futhi, gwema ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa imithi efana nemithi yobuhlungu ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho.
6. Indlela yokuphila enempilo:
- Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukasawoti ekudleni.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo.
- Vivinya umzimba njalo.
- Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele.
Kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha nini?
Uma unesifo sikashukela futhi uhlangabezana nesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu.
- Ukuvuvukala okungavamile kwemilenze, izingalo, noma ubuso.
- Ushintsho endleleni yokuchama (ukwehla, ukwanda, ukugcwala amagwebu).
- Ukukhathala okungabekezeleleki noma ubunzima bokuphefumula.
- Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla noma isicanucanu.
Uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo: Uma ngokuzumayo uba nobunzima bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni, noma uzizwa sengathi ulahlekelwa ingqondo, hamba ngokushesha esibhedlela esiseduze noMnyango Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU).
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Uma unesifo sikashukela, kufanele futhi unakekele izinso zakho njalo. Kuyingxenye yokulawula isifo sikashukela sakho.
- Izimpawu zesifo sezinso zibonakala kuphela uma isifo sesiqhubekele phambili. Ngakho-ke ungalindi ukuthi izimpawu zivele, thatha isinyathelo.
- Thola ukuhlolwa komchamo okulula (Urine ACR) kanye negazi (eGFR) okuhlola ukusebenza kwezinso zakho okungenani kanye ngonyaka.
- Ukugcina ushukela wegazi lakho kanye nomfutho wegazi wakho kulawulwa kahle kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvikela izinso zakho.
- Uma unenkinga encane noma ukungabaza ngempilo yakho, ungalokothi unqikaze ukuxoxa ngayo ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho.
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