Uma unesifo sikashukela, udinga ukunakekela amehlo akho ngokukhethekile. Isifo sikashukela singalimaza amehlo akho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-diabetic retinopathy. Kalula nje, lokhu kwenzeka lapho amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini isikhathi eside elimaza imithambo yegazi ebucayi engxenyeni ebucayi yeso ebizwa ngokuthi i-retina. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kungaholela ekulahlekelweni umbono ngisho nokungaboni. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu.
Into engcono kakhulu ukuthi singayivimbela le nkinga ukuthi ingenzeki noma siyinciphise. Akuwona wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela ozoba nayo. Kodwa cishe ingxenye yabantu abanesifo sikashukela banayo ngezinga elithile. Inkinga enkulu ukuthi ezigabeni zokuqala, azikho izimpawu. Ngakho-ke ungase ungazi ukuthi unale nkinga.
Izigaba ezine ze-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela
I-Diabetic Retinopathy ikhula ngezigaba ezine eziyinhloko. Manje ake sixoxe kafushane ngesigaba ngasinye salezi. Kuzoba lula ngawe ukuqonda lolu lwazi kuthebula.
| Isiteji | Kwenzekani ngaphakathi kweso | Umthelela embonweni nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze |
|---|---|---|
| 1. I-Retinopathy Engasabalali Kancane | Ama-microaneurysm akheka emithanjeni yegazi emincane ku-retina yeso. Lokhu kungabangela ukuphuma kwegazi okuncane. | Ngokuvamile akukho nkinga ngokubona. Lawula isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi kanye ne-cholesterol kahle. Hlola amehlo akho kanye ngonyaka. |
| 2. I-Retinopathy Engasabalali Ngokwesilinganiso | Imithambo yegazi iyavuvukala, kanti eminye iyavaleka, okunciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi kuyi-retina. | Ukubona kungathinteka. Kungase kube nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-DME (Diabetic Macular Edema). Udokotela uncoma ukuthi amehlo akho ahlolwe njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3-6. |
| 3. I-Retinopathy Engasabalali Kakhulu | Imithambo yegazi eminingi iyavaleka. Njengoba i-retina incishwa igazi, kuthunyelwa izimpawu ukuze kudalwe imithambo yegazi emisha. Izicubu ezibomvu zingakheka. | Ingozi yokulahlekelwa umbono iphezulu. Ukubona kungase kufiphale futhi kungase kuvele izinto ezintantayo. Ukwelashwa kungavimba umonakalo owengeziwe. |
| 4. I-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR) | Ngenxa yokuthi imithambo yegazi esanda kwakheka (neovascularization) ibuthakathaka, iyaqhuma futhi yophe kalula. Lokhu kungaholela ekwakhekeni kwezicubu ezibomvu kanye nokuqhekeka kwe-retina. | Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu. Ukulahlekelwa umbono unomphela kungenzeka. Kudingeka ukwelashwa ngokushesha. |
Ake sibheke lesi sigaba ngemininingwane ethe xaxa.
Izigaba 1 no-2 (I-Retinopathy Encane Nephakathi)
Ezigabeni zokuqala, ungase ungaboni noma yiziphi izinguquko. Kodwa umonakalo usuqalile ukwenzeka ngaphakathi kweso. Esigabeni sesibili, imithambo yegazi iyavuvukala, okuholela esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) . Lokhu kwenzeka lapho igazi noketshezi kuqongelela engxenyeni yeso ebizwa ngokuthi i-macula. Khumbula, i-macula yiyo esisiza sibone kahle, njengokufunda, ukushayela, nokubona abantu. Uma ivuvukala, umbono wakho uqala ukufiphala.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela ahlolwe amehlo okungenani kanye ngonyaka. Ngale ndlela, lesi sifo singatholakala kusenesikhathi.
Izigaba Zesithathu Nesine (I-Retinopathy Enzima Neyandayo)
Uma kukhulunywa ngesigaba sesithathu, isimo siba sibi kakhulu. Imithambo yegazi eminingi ivalekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-retina ayitholi umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ezidingayo. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-retina ithumela isignali ebuchosheni, ithi, "Anginalo igazi elanele, dala imithambo yegazi emisha."
Esigabeni sesine, noma esinzima kakhulu (i-PDR), le mithambo yegazi emisha iyinkinga. Ibuthakathaka njengamaqabunga futhi iphuka kalula. Iyaqhuma futhi yophe igazi esweni. Lokhu kubangela izibazi, futhi njengoba izibazi zincipha, i-retina ingasuka ngemuva kweso. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ukuhlukaniswa kwe-retinal . Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ungalahlekelwa umbono wakho unomphela.
Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi ngikusiphi isigaba?
Awukwazi ukuzinqumela lokhu wedwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuhlolwa kwamehlo nguchwepheshe. Udokotela angenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuze ahlole ngokunembile isimo sakho:
- Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvamile: Kuhlola ukuthi ubona kahle kangakanani emabangeni ahlukene.
- Ukulinganisa ingcindezi yangaphakathi kweso: Lokhu kulinganisa ingcindezi engaphakathi kweso.
- Ukwanda Komfundi: Lokhu kuhilela ukunweba umfundi wakho ngamaconsi amehlo nokuhlola ingaphakathi leso lakho ngethuluzi elikhethekile. Lena yindlela engcono kakhulu yokubona ukuthi kukhona yini umonakalo emithanjeni yegazi ku-retina yakho.
- I-OCT scan (Optical Coherence Tomography): Lokhu kufana nokuthatha izithombe zengaphakathi leso. Isebenzisa amaza okukhanya ukuthatha izithombe zengxenye evundlile ye-retina ukuhlola izimo ezifana ne-DME.
- I-Fluorescein Angiogram: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka idayi ekhethekile emthanjeni osengalweni yakho. Njengoba idayi ihamba negazi liye esweni lakho, udokotela wakho usebenzisa ikhamera ekhethekile ukuthatha izithombe zemithambo yegazi esesweni lakho. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi babone ngokucacile ukuthi kukhona igazi elivuzayo emithanjeni yegazi noma ukuthi livinjiwe.
Ngemva kwalezi zivivinyo, udokotela uzokuchazela ukuthi ukusiphi isigaba.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Ngokuvamile, ezigabeni zokuqala, udokotela wakho uzoqapha isimo sakho. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ushukela wakho, umfutho wegazi kanye namazinga e-cholesterol elawulwa kahle.
Uma isimo siba sibi kakhulu noma kuvela i-DME, kungadingeka ukwelashwa.
- Imijovo yamehlo: Imijovo ifakwa esweni ukuze kumiswe ukukhula kwemithambo yegazi emisha engajwayelekile.
- Ukuhlinzwa Nge-Laser: Imisebe ye-laser isetshenziselwa ukuvala imithambo yegazi ephumayo nokulawula ukwakheka kwemithambo emisha.
- Imithi Yama-steroid: Ukuvuvukala kulawulwa ngemijovo equkethe ama-steroid noma amadivayisi amancane (izimila) afakwa ngaphakathi kweso.
Ngezinye izikhathi kungadingeka okungaphezu kokukodwa kwalokhu kwelashwa ngesikhathi esisodwa. Khumbula, udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe. Ngakho-ke vuleka futhi uthembeke kudokotela wakho ngakho konke.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvikela amehlo akho ukulawula kahle isifo sikashukela sakho. Gcina amazinga kashukela egazini lakho esezingeni elifanele.
- Uma unesifo sikashukela, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlolwe amehlo okungenani kanye ngonyaka, noma ngabe awunazo izimpawu .
- Uma lesi simo sitholakala kusenesikhathi , kunethuba elikhulu lokuvimbela ukulahlekelwa umbono.
- Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi une-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela, ungesabi. Yenza ukuhlolwa kwakho ngesikhathi bese ulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho.
- Ngaphambi kokuba unqume nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lokwelashwa, xoxa ngakho kahle nodokotela wakho.
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho