Kunezinto eziningi okufanele uziphathe njengomuntu onesifo sikashukela, akunjalo? Amazinga kashukela egazini, umfutho wegazi, i-cholesterol... Phakathi kwakho konke lokhu, ngezinye izikhathi singakhohlwa ukunaka amehlo ethu. Kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi siqaphele imiphumela isifo sikashukela esingaba nayo emehlweni. Ngoba uma siyibona kusenesikhathi, singavikela umbono wethu oyigugu.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-Diabetic Macular Edema (DME)?
Nakuba leli gama liyinkimbinkimbi kancane, ake siqonde ukuthi kwenzekani.
Uma unesifo sikashukela, amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi angalimaza imithambo yegazi ebucayi (imithambo yegazi) engaphakathi kwamehlo akho. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-diabetic retinopathy .
Uketshezi luqala ukuvuza kule mithambo yegazi eyonakele. Lolu ketshezi luqoqana ku -retina, ingxenye ezwela ukukhanya ngemuva kweso. I-retina nayo inengxenye ephakathi ebaluleke kakhulu esinika umbono ocacile nobukhali, obizwa ngokuthi i-macula . Uketshezi oluvuzayo luqoqana endaweni lapho i-macula ikhona khona futhi lubangele ukuthi ivuvuke. Lokhu kuvuvukala kubizwa ngokuthi i-Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) .
Cabanga nje, lapho ilensi, indawo eyinhloko yokugxila kwe-retina, efana nefilimu ekhamera, ivuvukala, isithombe esisitholayo siba sifiphele. Kufana nokubuka okuthile ngengilazi yamanzi.
Ingabe unazo lezi zimpawu?
Into eyingozi kakhulu nge-DME ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi ayibonisi zimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuthi wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela ahlolwe amehlo okungenani kanye ngonyaka. Kodwa-ke, qaphela lezi zimpawu:
- Ukubona okufiphele: Izinto ozibuka ngqo, njengobuso bomuntu, umbhalo osencwadini, noma izithombe ku-TV, zibonakala zifiphele.
- Ukubukeka okushwabene: Izinto ezinemigqa eqondile (njengezinhlaka zamafasitela nezinhlaka zeminyango) zingase zibonakale zishwabene noma zinwebekile.
- Imibala ephelile: Imibala eyayibonakala ikhanya ngaphambilini manje ibonakala "iphelile," iphelile.
Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Uma uqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha, amathuba akho okuvimbela ukulimala kwamehlo unomphela ayanda.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Uma uya kudokotela, uzokubuza imibuzo embalwa. Isibonelo, ingabe kukhona ushintsho olukhona embonweni wakho, ingabe unesifo sikashukela, amazinga kashukela egazini lakho kanye ne-A1c, umfutho wegazi, kanye namazinga e-cholesterol?
Ngemva kwalokho, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuphelele, okuhlanganisa ikakhulukazi ukuhlolwa okuningana.
| Igama lokuhlolwa | Kwenzekani nje? |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa Kokubona Okubonakalayo | Isivivinyo sokufunda esesikwenzile sonke, lapho ubheka khona ibhodi bese ufunda. Silinganisa ukuthi ungabona ngokucacile kangakanani emabangeni ahlukene. |
| Ukuhlolwa Kwamehlo Okuvulekile | Kufakwa uketshezi olukhethekile (amaconsi eso) esweni ukuze kwandiswe i -pupil . Bese kusetshenziswa ithuluzi elikhethekile ukubheka ngaphakathi kweso nokuhlola isimo se-retina, ukuthi uketshezi luyavuza yini emithanjeni yegazi, nokuthi kukhona yini ukuvuvukala. |
| I-Fluorescein Angiogram (FA) | Idayi ekhethekile ifakwa emthanjeni engalweni. Njengoba ledayi ihamba emithanjeni yegazi ngaphakathi kweso, izithombe zithathwa ngekhamera ekhethekile. Lokhu kungakhomba indawo eqondile lapho kuvuza khona imithambo yegazi. |
| I-Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) | Lokhu kufana nokuskena okuphakathi kweso. Kusebenzisa imisebe yokukhanya ekhethekile ukukala ngokunembile ukujiya, ukuvuvukala, kanye nenani lokwakheka koketshezi ku-retina kanye ne-sclera. |
Ngemva kwalezi zivivinyo, udokotela uzonquma ukuthi une-DME nokuthi inzima kangakanani.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Ngenhlanhla, manje kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu ze-DME. Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa ukuvimba ukuvuza koketshezi emithanjeni yegazi nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala.1. Imijovo Elwa Ne-VEGF
Lena indlela yokwelapha evame kakhulu futhi ephumelelayo etholakalayo. Kungase kwesabe ukucabanga ngokujova iso, kodwa kwenziwa ngenaliti encane kakhulu, eqeda amehlo ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke ayizwa ubuhlungu obukhulu.
Le mijovo isebenza ngokuvimbela ukukhula kwemithambo yegazi emisha nebuthakathaka evuza kalula. Le mithi (izibonelo: i-Aflibercept, i-Bevacizumab, i-Ranibizumab, ne-Faricimab) iqinisa imithambo yegazi futhi iyeke ukuvuza koketshezi. Ngokuvamile udinga ukwelashwa okuningana, ngokuvamile kanye ngenyanga.
2. Ukwelashwa nge-laser (i-Laser Photocoagulation)
Kwezinye izimo ezinzima, imisebe ye-laser isetshenziselwa "ukuvala" noma ukubulala imithambo yegazi evuzayo. Lokhu kuvimbela umonakalo owengeziwe.
3. Imijovo ye-steroid
Ezinye iziguli zinikwa imijovo ye-steroid ukulawula ukuvuvukala.
4. Ukuhlinzwa (i-Vitrectomy)
Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa kaningi, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona ukopha okukhulu esweni kanye nokulahlekelwa umbono ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuhilela ukususa uketshezi olunamafu ngaphakathi kweso bese kufakwa ikhambi elicacile esikhundleni salo.
Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe.
Kufanele uzinakekele kanjani?
Ngaphezu kokwelashwa okunikezwa udokotela wakho, ukuzinakekela kubaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni lesi sifo.
- Lawula Isifo Sikashukela: Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu . Gcina ushukela wegazi lakho, umfutho wegazi, kanye namazinga e-cholesterol kulawulwa ngokwemiyalelo kadokotela wakho. Ukudla okufanele, ukuzivocavoca umzimba, kanye nokuthatha imithi enikezwe udokotela kubalulekile.
- Ungayeki ukuhlolwa kwamehlo: Ngisho noma ungenazo izimpawu, hlola amehlo akho ngokwesheduli enconywe udokotela wakho. Lokhu kubalulekile futhi ukuze uqaphe impumelelo yokwelashwa kwakho.
- Uma ungaboni kahle, cabanga ngamadivayisi okusiza: Uma izibuko zodwa zinganele, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinto ezifana nezibuko ezikhulisayo.
Impilo yengqondo nayo ibaluleke kakhulu.
Kuvamile ukuzizwa udangele, ukhathazekile, futhi wesaba uma unenkinga yokubona. Akudingeki ulwe nale mizwa wedwa.
- Khuluma ngemizwa yakho: Khuluma ngalokhu nomndeni wakho nabangani bakho. Tshela udokotela wakho ukuthi uzizwa kanjani.
- Funa iseluleko: Uma kudingeka, cela usizo kudokotela wakho kuchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo osebenza nabantu abanesifo sikashukela noma abangaboni kahle.
- Joyina amaqembu okusekelana: Uzozizwa unamandla amakhulu uma ukhuluma nabanye ababhekene nesimo esifanayo nesakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) ingumphumela omubi kakhulu wesifo sikashukela, kodwa uma sitholakala futhi selashwa kusenesikhathi, umbono ungagcinwa.
- Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nokungaboni kahle, ukuphambuka kwesithombe, noma ukufiphala kombala , bona udokotela ngokushesha.
- Into ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza ukulawula kahle isifo sikashukela sakho. Lawula ushukela wegazi lakho, umfutho wegazi kanye ne-cholesterol.
- Ungalokothi uphuthelwe ukuhlolwa kwamehlo kanye nokwelashwa okunqunywe udokotela wakho.
- Awuwedwa kulolu hambo. Odokotela, imindeni, namaqembu okusekelana akhona ukukusiza. Ukuhlala unethemba nakho kuyingxenye yokwelashwa.
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